This document discusses the properties and health benefits of garlic. It notes that garlic is a bulbous plant used for seasoning and medicine. It provides a brief history of garlic use in ancient Greece, India, and China. The document outlines some of garlic's main bioactive compounds like allicin and discusses garlic's antimicrobial, antihypertensive, cardiovascular, and anticancer properties. It summarizes that garlic may help reduce blood pressure and the risk of diseases due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
This document discusses the role of nutraceuticals in promoting human health. It defines nutraceuticals as food or food components that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Some key nutraceuticals discussed are dietary fiber, probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, and herbal foods. The document explores how these nutraceuticals can help combat major health issues like cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and gastrointestinal disorders. It provides examples of specific nutraceuticals and their mechanisms of action for different diseases.
1. Pharmacognostic profile of Fenugreek
2. Macroscopy
3. General uses and Common names of fenugreek
4. Health benefits
5. Nutraceutical properties
6. Medicinal uses of fenugreek
7. Doses & Adverse effects
8. Formulations
9. Thank you
1) Nutraceuticals provide health benefits and can help prevent diseases. They are derived from foods and have therapeutic effects for conditions like cancer, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
2) Specific nutraceuticals like curcumin, green tea, and omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to help with diseases by reducing inflammation, acting as antioxidants, and positively affecting insulin sensitivity and cholesterol levels.
3) While nutraceuticals show promise, there are also challenges to their use in cancer treatment including difficulties achieving high systemic concentrations and insufficient pre-clinical data to advance combinational therapies in clinical settings.
important of nutraceuticals in pharmacy field for beneficial effect, herbal foods, useful effects in human beings, anticancer activity, fertility activity, anti diabetic activity, scope of nutraceutical market in INDIA
This document discusses various phytochemicals and nutraceuticals that may help prevent cancer, including carotenoids, flavonoids, isoflavones, saponins, tannins, ellagic acid, pectin, phenolic compounds, glucosinolates, sulfur compounds, lycopene, beta-carotene, curcumin, and antioxidants. Many of these compounds are found in fruits and vegetables and act as antioxidants or block enzymes that promote tumor growth. More research is still needed to fully understand their cancer prevention effects.
Challenges in herbal formulation
Steps in herbal drug formulation
Types of conventional herbal formulations
Liquid herbal dosage forms
Solid herbal dosage forms
Other herbal dosage forms
Novel dosage form
Poor cellular and cardiovascular health is becoming a worldwide epidemic. An unhealthy diet of processed, high-calorie, high-fat foods, pollution, smoking and sedentary lifestyles all contribute to poor cell and heart health. Scientists revealed The French Paradox, which states that even though the French drink, smoke and eat high-fat foods they have some of the lowest incidences of poor cardiovascular and cellular health. Scientists attribute this to the large amounts of red wine that the French consume, or more importantly, an extract found in red wine, resveratrol.
Nutraceuticals are foods or food components that provide health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. They can be classified based on food source, mechanism of action, or chemical nature. Traditional nutraceuticals are natural foods containing beneficial components like vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, herbals, and phytochemicals. Non-traditional nutraceuticals are artificially produced using biotechnology and include fortified foods with added nutrients and recombinant foods engineered for wellness benefits. Probiotic microorganisms and nutraceutical enzymes also represent important categories of nutraceuticals.
This document summarizes information about ginseng, including its various types, active components, effects on the body systems, and interactions. It discusses how ginseng has been used for centuries in Chinese medicine as an adaptogen to help the body adapt to stress. The main active components are ginsenosides, and ginseng can have effects on reducing fatigue and stress, improving cognitive function, reducing cancer risk, lowering blood pressure, and regulating blood sugar levels. However, ginseng may also cause side effects like birth defects, sleep problems, or drug interactions, so it should be used carefully.
The document discusses herb-drug interactions (HDIs), providing background information and examples. It notes that HDIs are common due to many people using herbal medicines alongside conventional drugs. Herbal products can interact with drugs by interfering with the cytochrome P450 system and P-glycoprotein, affecting the metabolism and transport of drugs. This can change drug levels in the body and potentially cause toxic effects or reduce drug efficacy. The document examines several herbs that are known to interact with medications through these pathways and provides recommendations to avoid interactions and ensure patient safety when using herbal and conventional products together.
This document discusses several tetraterpenoids and carotenoids - chemical compounds that are important plant and nutrient pigments. It describes lutein, zeaxanthin, crocin, and lycopene, providing their chemical structures, plant sources, and health benefits. Lutein and zeaxanthin are yellow carotenoids found in green leafy vegetables and fruits that promote eye and heart health. Crocin is extracted from saffron and has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Lycopene is a red carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and linked to reduced risk of several cancers.
Ginger is a botanical that originates from Zingiber officinale. It contains chemical constituents like gingerol and shogaol. Ginger has medicinal uses as an anti-bacterial, to decrease cholesterol and joint pain from arthritis, and as an anti-inflammatory. High doses of ginger can cause side effects like heartburn, diarrhea, and skin irritation when applied. Ginger can be consumed fresh, dried, or in teas and drinks, with most research using 250mg to 1g per day. Ginger may interact with anticoagulants, anti-diabetes drugs, and blood pressure medications.
This document summarizes information about the garlic plant. It describes garlic's botanical classification, parts used, and key chemical constituents like allicin. The document outlines garlic's uses as an anti-cancer agent and for treating various respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. It also discusses garlic's dosage, toxicity, administration routes, side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and references several sources for the information provided.
Senna is the dried leaflets of Cassia angustifolia used as a laxative. It is mainly cultivated in parts of India like Tinnevelly, Madurai, and Ramnathpuram. Senna contains anthraquinone glycosides like sennoside A and B which are responsible for its purgative effects by increasing intestinal motility and reducing water absorption. The document details the pharmacognostic features, chemical constituents, extraction methods, uses, and adulterants of senna.
This document discusses the health benefits and properties of garlic. It is presented by Pankaj Kushwaha from the Department of Biomedical Sciences at Bundelkhand University Jhansi. Garlic contains compounds like allicin and sulfur compounds that have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. It may help reduce cholesterol and blood pressure. While garlic has many health benefits, it also has some potential side effects like heartburn, nausea, and body odor.
Pest and pest management in medicinal Plants by Dr.U.Srinivasa, Professor and...SrinivasUmmanabad
This document discusses pest management in medicinal plants. It defines a pest as an organism that causes economic damage to crops. Common pests include insects, bacteria, fungi, rodents, and weeds. Pesticides are toxic substances used to kill pests and are classified as bactericides, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, and rodenticides. Pest management methods include natural controls like weather and seasons as well as artificial controls such as mechanical, agricultural, chemical, and biological methods. Some examples of natural pesticides derived from plants are pyrethrum, neem, tobacco, nuxvomica seeds, and sabadilla seeds.
This document provides information about natural coloring and sweetening agents. It discusses various natural dyes derived from plants and insects that can be used as coloring agents, including turmeric, annatto, saffron, paprika, tomato, tagetus, safflower, henna, beet root, blood root, and cochineal. It also discusses the physiological properties and uses of these natural dyes. Additionally, it covers various natural sweeteners like stevioside, glycyrrhizin, neohesperidine dihydrochalcone, thaumatin, monellins, honey, and maple syrup.
This document discusses several potential drug interactions that can occur when drugs are taken with other substances like prescription medications, over-the-counter drugs, herbs, supplements, food, or alcohol. It provides examples of specific herb-drug interactions for St. John's Wort, kava, ginkgo, ginseng, garlic, and white pepper and notes how these herbs can increase or decrease drug levels in the body, potentially causing adverse effects or reducing drug effectiveness. The document emphasizes the importance of avoiding certain combinations and being aware of how foods, herbs, and medications may interact.
The document classifies nutraceuticals into traditional and non-traditional categories. Traditional nutraceuticals include chemical constituents like nutrients and herbals found naturally in foods. They also include probiotic microorganisms and nutraceutical enzymes. Non-traditional nutraceuticals are artificially produced and include fortified foods with added nutrients as well as recombinant nutraceuticals developed through biotechnology. The document also discusses functional foods, dietary supplements, and medical foods which are formulated to provide nutrients to manage diseases.
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. They are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice. Cloves are commercially harvested primarily in Indonesia, India, Madagascar, Zanzibar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Tanzania.
Red Reishi has more than 200 bio-active compounds and many of them can interfere with the growth, mobility, and invasiveness of cancer cells. Reishi, as the Japanese would call it is Gandoderma lucidum, and ancient medicinal remedy popular across Asia. Traditional healers have been using the herb for more than 4,000 years and found it to be beneficial in many health concerns.
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This document summarizes a study on the medicinal uses of 26 different vegetables from 12 families. It finds that vegetables can be used to treat various diseases as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor agents. The most commonly used vegetables for treating diseases are Allium sativum, Spinacia oleracea, and Daucus carota, while Cucumis melo, Ocimum gratissimum, and Telfairia occidentalis are used less often. Maintaining good health requires consuming around 280 grams of vegetables per day, with 40% being leafy vegetables, 30% being roots and tubers, and 30% being other vegetables.
Ginger has been shown to reduce the severity and duration of chemotherapy-induced nausea in clinical trials. Additional research suggests ginger may help treat nausea from surgery, pregnancy, and motion sickness, though more research is still needed. Laboratory research also indicates ginger may inhibit the growth of some cancer cells and protect against Alzheimer's, but these effects have not been demonstrated in human clinical trials. Ginger should not be used by those with bleeding disorders or taking blood thinners, as it can inhibit clotting. More research is still needed to determine appropriate dosages and drug interactions when using ginger as an anti-nausea supplement.
ASTASHINE CAPSULES: AN EXCELLENT CHOICE FOR A CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH ABSTRACTPUGOS Products Pvt Ltd
- Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can help prevent cardiovascular disease.
- Studies show astaxanthin from microalgae improves blood lipid and insulin resistance levels, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, prevents fatty liver disease, and lowers blood pressure.
- The article reviews research demonstrating that astaxanthin supplementation has beneficial effects on metabolic health and reduces risks for conditions like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and hyperglycemia.
An excellent blend of fresh mint pineapple tasting supplement, providing several health maintenance and disease prevention ingredients based on scientific data available only from Richard Clement Nutrition.
Manufactured in the USA in a GMP plant
Obesity and hyperlipidemia is international /worldwide problem causing heart disease leading to major predisposing factor for morbidity and death. Conventional medicine used in allopathy include statins, fibrates, niacin and resins but are going to defame due to their adverse effects. Herbal medicine ginger has proved itself as one of the potent anti hyperlipidemic and anti obesity herb with least adverse effects. We did try to compare its hypolipidemic effects with placebo effects when used in mild to moderate hyperlipidemic patients. It was placebo-controlled single blind research study. Research was conducted at National hospital, Lahore, from July to November 2016. Consent was taken from sixty hyperlipidemic patients age range from 25 to 60 years. Both gender male and female patients were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided in two groups, 30 patients were on drug ginger pasted-powder advised to take 5 grams in divided doses with their normal diet for the period of three months. Thirty patients were on placebo pasted-wheat powder, with same color as of ginger powder, advised to take 5 grams in divided doses with their normal diet for the period of three months. Their base line lipid profile and body weight was recorded at start of treatment and were advised to come for check-up, fortnightly.
International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review Vol 03, Issue 02,April – 2020 Page |
229
When duration of study was over, their lipid profile and body weight was measured and compared statistically with pre-treatment values. Three months treatment with 5 grams of ginger decreased total cholesterol from 233.11±1.53 mg/dl to 198.44±1.23 mg/dl, LDL cholesterol reduced from 202.21±1.88 mg/dl to 187.72± 1.98 mg/dl, reduced body weight from 76.01±2.66 kg to 72.80±1.87 kg. Both plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol reduction was statistically significant, but body weight decrease was non-significant when analyzed biostatistically.
Anti-Diabetic Activity of Some Medicinal Plants IIJSRJournal
Diabetes mellitus is generally a chronic disease which is a main reason for deaths in whole world. It is not easy to control the delayed complication of diabetes even with progress in the medical management of the syndrome. The disease is spreading day by day. The main trait element of diabetes is hyperglycemia, which reflects the drop in the use of glucose due to a poor reaction to insulin discharge. There are many plants are used to cure diabetes because of the antidiabetic action. Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic actions have been saved with abundant plants, a lot of which are worn as an established herbal treatment of diabetes. A huge number of substances are obtained from plants that suggest antidiabetic potential, while others may affect hypoglycemia as a bad result due to their toxicity, mainly their hepatotoxicity. This review shows the importance of plants and the action of some plants to act against diabetes that is used as a natural medicine for this disease.
This document describes a study that developed a herbal cocktail to prevent stroke and cerebrovascular diseases. The study investigated the effects of a high fat diet on rats and the impact of treating the rats with extracts from four herbs: Artemisia Judaica, Panax ginseng, Salvia officinalis, and Polygonum multiflorum, both individually and combined in a cocktail. The herbal cocktail significantly lowered lipid levels, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory mediators in the blood and liver compared to a high fat diet alone. The results suggest that the herbal cocktail has anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects and may help prevent obesity-related health problems like stroke.
This document discusses preserving homeostasis in patients with COVID-19 by modulating the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). It describes how SARS-CoV-2 infection can dysregulate RAS, leading to overactivation of angiotensin II and oxidative stress. The use of angiotensin receptor blockers like losartan is proposed to counteract this and inhibit virus replication by distorting the binding of the virus to ACE2 receptors. Studies in cell cultures found losartan treatment before and after infection reduced viral replication. Maintaining RAS homeostasis is proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 given the dysregulatory impacts of viral infections.
The document discusses several spices and their potential health benefits. It provides information on the phytochemicals contained in various spices like turmeric, garlic, ginger, chili peppers, and their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties based on in vitro, animal, and human studies. However, more research is still needed to better understand the biological effects of individual spices and their potential roles in cancer prevention and treatment.
This document discusses how flavonols may help reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Specifically, it summarizes that flavonols like quercetin and kaempferol found in foods like onions and tea can help prevent low-density lipoprotein oxidation and reduce expression of adhesion molecules involved in plaque formation. However, more research is needed on the cardiovascular protective effects of bioavailable flavonol metabolites, as most studies so far have used pure flavonol forms. Incorporating a variety of fruits and vegetables high in flavonols into one's diet may help gain their potential heart health benefits.
Even though there is plethora of scientific literature available
regarding the role of gut microbiome in hypertension, but till date,
there is neither clarity nor established guidelines and consensus
regarding strain-specificity for hypertension in any of the existing
national and international guidelines like European Society of
Hypertension (ESH), International Society of Hypertension
(ISH) etc. Innovative microbiome-based or targeted medication
related research, which have the potential to revolutionize the
treatment of hypertension are highly recommended in future
because effects of probiotics can be specific to certain probiotic
species and strains. Recommendations for their use in the clinical
practice or in research studies need to be compulsorily species and
strain specific and interpretation of data from studies involving
mixture of probiotic supplements can be misleading in terms of
beneficial effects, efficacy and safety and should be cautious
Red Reishi has more than 200 bio-active compounds and many of them can interfere with the growth, mobility, and invasiveness of cancer cells. Reishi, as the Japanese would call it is Gandoderma lucidum, and ancient medicinal remedy popular across Asia. Traditional healers have been using the herb for more than 4,000 years and found it to be beneficial in many health concerns.
Wheatgrass has powerful anti-oxidants, phytochemicals and other nutrients that help cleanse the blood, neutralize toxins and eliminate excess fats, free radicals and heavy metals from our system. It is also rich in fiber which helps clear our toxins and garbage in the digestive tract.
So Easy is a safe and effective regimen designed to efficiently remove mucoid plaque and get rid of the stagnating fecal matter.
By completely staying away from your usual meals and religiously following the 3 day Colon Cleansing Program - you allow your intestinal system to rest, thus restoring the normal operation of your gastro-intestinal tract.
This study examined the effects of combined inhibition of the Src family kinases (SFK) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathways in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and in mouse models. Dual inhibition of these pathways more potently inhibited PCa tumor growth in vitro and in vivo compared to inhibiting either pathway alone. The combination treatment more completely inhibited Akt phosphorylation and downstream survival pathways in the cancer cells. This suggests that targeting both the SFK and IGF-1R pathways may be a promising therapeutic strategy for PCa by blocking independent and cooperative processes important for tumor growth and survival.
Crimson Publishers: Dietary Supplements as a Possible Trigger of Autoimmune H...CrimsonGastroenterology
Introduction: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) etiology remains unknown, but in genetically predisposed individuals, diverse agents may trigger the disease. Herbal and drug induced AIH have been reported in recent years probable due to the increase in self-medication. More studies are necessary to define if drugs and herbal/dietary supplements unmask and induce AIH or drug-induced hepatitis with autoimmune features.
Purpose: We report an autoimmune hepatitis case possibly induced by herbal/dietary supplements intake.
Case-report: A 55-year-old female presented with a 15-day course of jaundice and increased aminotransferases. Immunologic panel showed antinuclear antibody titer of 1:320 and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) level approximately 2 times the upper limit of normal. She reported regular daily ingestion of Herbalife® products for 6 months which were discontinued when symptoms began. Laboratory tests worsened despite the fact that patient had stopped supplements usage, and a liver biopsy was performed. Histology was suggestive of both AIH and drug induced liver disease. The patient fulfilled criteria for probable AIH based on the revised criteria for diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis, and improved with prednisolone and azathioprine therapy, with progressive laboratory improvement and symptoms remission.
Discussion: Herbal/dietary supplements induced AIH has been previously reported, but the causality is not yet well established. Worsening of aminotransferases despite supplement suspension, histological findings and favorable response with corticosteroid treatment, supported the hypothesis of AIH induced by the used supplement. This case report aims to demonstrate the possible causality between herbal/dietary supplements and liver injury, including autoimmune hepatitis.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on the role of garlic in managing high cholesterol. It discusses how elevated cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis and how garlic may help lower cholesterol levels. The presentation covers an overview of garlic's composition and chemistry. It describes allicin, garlic's main bioactive compound, and its role in cholesterol reduction. The presentation also reviews garlic's potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects. It concludes that garlic can significantly help manage high cholesterol based on literature reviews.
SHER-E-KASHMIRUNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ANDTECHNOLOGY, KASHMIR.pptxcdrecordsection
This case study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of formulations containing extracts of Berberis aristata, Solanum nigrum, and Aloe vera (Formulation A), and a decoction of Phyllanthus fraternus (Formulation B), on patients receiving antitubercular treatment. Patients taking the formulations showed no significant increases in liver enzymes, while the control group showed significant increases. The formulations helped prevent antitubercular treatment-induced hepatotoxicity and allowed patients to complete their treatment courses.
This document reviews medicinal plants with anticancer activity. It discusses several plants traditionally used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine to treat cancer, including Allium sativum (garlic), Annona muricata, Bidens pilosa, Cannabis sativa, Daphne mezereum, Gossypium hirsutum, Andrographis paniculata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Cynodon dactylon, Drosera indica, Salacia fruticosa, and Vitex pinnata. For each plant, one or two active compounds believed to have anticancer properties are described. The document concludes that medicinal plants have played an important
Zinper softgel caps: a natural nutrient helps to ease occasional nausea & pro...SriramNagarajan16
Chemotherapy –induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), also known by the term emesis, is one of the most
common and dreaded side effects following cancer treatment, and can strongly impact the quality of day –today living of cancer patients. Many Chemotherapeutic agents are associated with significant nausea and
vomiting which represent a challenge to effective therapy. The active ingredients present in Zinper softgels are
terpenes and oleoresin. The major identified components from terpenes are gingerol and shogaols. Zinper
softgels has staring potential as anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-emetic effect,
Anti-angiogenesis, anti-nausea and an effective adjuvant treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and
vomiting. The effectiveness of Zinper softgels in preventing or suppressing cancer growth has been examined in
a variety of cancer types, including lymphoma, hepatoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, skin cancer, liver
cancer, and bladder cancer. This article reviews the current available scientific literature regarding the effect of
Zinper softgels as A Natural Nutrient to Promote Healthy GI peristalsis in cancer patients.
Pregnant women need good nutrition to support fetal development and reduce health risks. A balanced diet provides enough protein, iron, calcium, vitamins and minerals. Increased needs include folic acid to prevent birth defects, and iron and calcium due to the baby's growth. Common issues like nausea and constipation can be managed through dietary changes. Exercise also benefits pregnancy by reducing discomforts, though risky activities should be avoided.
The document describes a study that developed a herbal mixture to study its effects on insulin resistance in diabetes patients. The mixture contained amla powder, clove powder, hing powder, and cinnamon. It was administered to an experimental group for 3 months, while a control group received no treatment. Results showed the mixture was accepted by patients. For males in the experimental group, there were significant decreases in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and BMI compared to the control group. However, females did not see significant changes. The herbal mixture thus had some beneficial effects on diabetic male patients.
Severely malnourished children are at greater risk of developing pneumonia for three main reasons:
1) They have deficient immune responses that make it harder to fight infections like bacteria and viruses that cause pneumonia.
2) When infections reach the lungs, the lack of a strong immune response allows bacteria to easily spread through the fluid-filled air spaces.
3) Several studies have found that the lack of nutrients like leptin due to severe malnutrition increases the risk of death from pneumonia through respiratory failure and shock.
This document discusses the relationship between yoga and cardiovascular disease. It begins with an introduction to cardiovascular disease, describing the main types and common causes like hypertension, obesity, stress, and diabetes. It then outlines how regular yoga practice, including various asanas, pranayama techniques, meditation, and an sattvic diet, can help treat and prevent cardiovascular disease by reducing risk factors. Specifically, it explores how yoga helps lower blood pressure and stress levels, manage weight, and improve heart health. The document concludes by discussing cardiac yoga, a style focused on cardiovascular benefits.
This study aims to examine the prevalence of anemia among stunted children aged 4-10 years and its impact on physical fitness. It will assess the nutritional status of 60 boy and girl samples through anthropometric measurements and 24-hour dietary recalls, analyze hemoglobin levels, and evaluate the effect on physical fitness using a 1-mile run test on 30 stunted children. Results and conclusions will then be drawn from statistical analysis of the collected data.
The study aimed to assess and compare the nutritional status, body composition, physical activity levels, and injury rates between karate students and non-karate students aged 13-17 years. It found that karate students generally had lower socioeconomic status and were underweight, while non-karate students had higher socioeconomic status and were overweight. Both groups had inadequate nutrient intakes compared to RDA values, but karate students' intake was more deficient due to their financial constraints. Significant correlations were also found between physical activity and BMI for both groups, as well as between fat intake and BMI for boys and protein intake and BMI for girls. The study highlights the vulnerability of karate students to nutritional deficiencies and injuries due to vigorous
This study assessed the nutritional status and knowledge of 60 post-operative coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients in India. The results showed that most patients had a poor nutritional status, as over 60% were overweight or obese. Many patients had medical histories of diabetes and hypertension. The dietary surveys found that over 65% of patients consumed below the recommended daily calorie intake, with low protein and fiber intake. Patients' diets relied on readily available and inexpensive foods like refined wheat products, with high fat and low fruit and vegetable consumption. The study concluded that patients lacked nutritional knowledge and consumed an unbalanced diet, suggesting the need for pre-surgical nutrition education and status assessments.
The document discusses intermittent fasting, which involves consciously skipping meals or restricting eating to specific time windows. It describes several intermittent fasting protocols, such as 16/8 where eating is restricted to an 8-hour window daily. The document then discusses the history of intermittent fasting and how modern lifestyles differ from when our genes evolved. Intermittent fasting is said to help regulate metabolism, increase resistance to stress, convert white fat to brown fat, improve brain function, protect against diseases, and reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Brown rice has several health benefits over white rice. It is higher in nutrients like magnesium, fiber, and antioxidants. Studies show brown rice may help reduce risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. The antioxidants and fibers in brown rice help lower blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Brown rice also acts as an antioxidant, helping reduce oxidative stress and potentially preventing cancer cell growth. Further research is still needed on the bioavailability of brown rice's beneficial components in humans.
This document discusses the health benefits of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), also known as holy basil. It provides information on tulsi's use in Ayurveda and Hinduism. The document then summarizes several studies that demonstrate tulsi's anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and other health benefits. These studies show that consuming tulsi or its extracts can help reduce blood sugar, cholesterol, symptoms of diabetes, asthma, ulcers, and more. In conclusion, tulsi has many medicinal properties and can help prevent and treat various diseases.
This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of lifestyle interventions on men and women aged 24-50 with prediabetes in Mumbai, India. The study involved 35 participants who received nutritional education and were encouraged to increase physical activity and make healthier diet choices. Biochemical parameters, eating habits, and physical activity levels were measured before and after the 2-month intervention. The results showed reductions in fasting blood sugar, post-lunch blood sugar, consumption of fried and junk foods, and sweetened products. Physical activity levels increased. The nutritional education and lifestyle changes had a positive impact on the health of prediabetic participants.
1) The study examined the effect of calcium status on 80 hypertensive patients aged 35-70 years.
2) Biochemical parameters and dietary intake were analyzed and found that serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake were significantly lower in grade 1 hypertensive patients compared to normotensive patients.
3) Anthropometric measurements like age, hip circumference, and energy intake were positively associated with hypertension, while serum calcium and dietary calcium were inversely associated with hypertension.
This document discusses a study on metabolic syndrome among young adults in Mumbai, India. The study aims to identify risk factors for metabolic syndrome such as family history, lifestyle habits, nutrition status and dietary patterns. Anthropometric measurements were taken for 200 participants aged 18-24 years old from various areas in Mumbai. Questionnaires assessed physical activity, lifestyle and dietary intake. Results found higher prevalence of obesity in participants with a family history of diseases. Obese participants consumed more non-vegetarian diets and were less physically active. Significant factors for metabolic syndrome risk among young adults in Mumbai were identified.
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity among young girls aged 18-22 years in the Dawoodi Bohra community in central Mumbai. A sample of 405 girls was assessed using anthropometric measurements, dietary recalls, and questionnaires. The results found a 5% prevalence of obesity and 15% prevalence of overweight individuals. Obese and overweight subjects had higher calorie and fat intake compared to recommendations. Neck circumference of 33.35cm or more accurately predicted obesity with high sensitivity and specificity. Overall, dietary patterns needed improvement and more physical activity was recommended to manage weight.
The study aimed to determine the impact of an 8-week nutrition education program on the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and lifestyle habits of 150 orphan girls aged 10-15 in Mumbai, India. Baseline assessments found the girls' diets to be deficient in some nutrients compared to recommendations. After the program, the girls' nutrition knowledge and attitudes increased significantly, though their practices did not fully change due to relying on institution-provided meals. Overall, the study suggests nutrition education can improve orphan girls' health literacy but that organized feeding and hygienic living conditions also need to be addressed for optimal nutrition status.
The document discusses a study that assessed the nutritional status and feeding practices of toddlers aged 12-24 months in Mumbai, India. 90 mothers participated in interviews about their child's feeding patterns, diet, and anthropometric measurements. Key findings included that working mothers were less likely to breastfeed, families with higher incomes preferred readymade foods, and toddlers' weight and height increased with age appropriately. The type of food fed did not significantly impact the toddlers' current nutritional status.
- Dietary fiber is classified as soluble or insoluble and comes from plant foods. Bananas are a good source of soluble fiber that can promote fullness.
- Childhood obesity has increased globally and contributes to health issues. The study aimed to evaluate if banana fiber intake affected weight loss in overweight Indian children aged 4-13 years.
- Over 3 months, anthropometric measures declined more for children supplemented with bananas compared to controls, indicating banana fiber aided weight loss. Banana fiber intake was associated with reduced food cravings and feeling full.
This study evaluated the effects of consuming a mixture of cinnamon, clove, and bay leaf powder on blood glucose levels in 100 type 2 diabetes patients aged 30-70. The experimental group (n=33) consumed 6g per day for 6 weeks, while the control group (n=31) did not. Fasting blood sugar significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to controls. Both fasting and post-prandial blood sugars also significantly decreased within the experimental group pre- and post-intervention. Protein intake increased and fat intake decreased significantly in the experimental group as well. The study concluded the herbal mixture can help control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutrition and lifestyle education program on the nutritional status of 150 elderly adults (ages 50-95 years) living in two old age homes in Mumbai, India. The study assessed nutritional status, nutrient intake, nutrition knowledge, and happiness levels before and after the 2-month education program. The results showed slight improvements in BMI, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge after the intervention. However, no significant differences were found in energy, protein, fat, or carbohydrate intake between BMI groups before and after the program. The study concluded the education program had a positive impact on behaviors and eating habits of the elderly participants.
The document summarizes a study on the effect of physical activity on clinical manifestations of dysmenorrhea in young women. The study involved 80 dysmenorrheic young women divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed yoga exercises for 8 weeks while the control did not. Results showed a reduction in pain intensity and medicine use in the experimental group, though changes in weight, BMI and waist circumference were minor. Limitations included a short study duration and small sample size. Recommendations included a longer study period and larger sample size.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 8, Complications During Hemodialysis, Part 3 - Dr.GawadNephroTube - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/pCU7Plqbo-E
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/kbDs1uaeyyo
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
POTENTIAL TARGET DISEASES FOR GENE THERAPY SOURAV.pptxsouravpaul769171
Theoretically, gene therapy is the permanent solution for genetic diseases. But it has several complexities. At its current stage, it is not accessible to most people due to its huge cost. A breakthrough may come anytime and a day may come when almost every disease will have a gene therapy Gene therapy have the potential to revolutionize the practice of medicine.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 8, Complications During Hemodialysis, Part 2 - Dr.GawadNephroTube - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/FHV_jNJUt3Y
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/D5kYfTMFA8E
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY DESIGN- RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALRishank Shahi
Randomized controlled clinical trial is a prospective experimental study.
It essentially involves comparing the outcomes in two groups of patients treated with a test treatment and a control treatment, both groups are followed over the same period of time. Prepare a plan of study or protocol
a. Define clear objectives
b. State the inclusion and exclusion criteria of case
c. Determine the sample size, place and period of study
d. Design of trial (single blind, double blind and triple blind method)
2. Define study population: Most often the patients are chosen from hospital or from the community. For example, for a study for comparison of home and sanatorium treatment, open cases of tuberculosis may be chosen.
3. Selection of participants by defined criteria as per plan:
Selection of participants should be done with precision and should be precisely stated in writing so that it can be replicated by others. For example, out of open cases of tuberculosis those who fulfill criteria for inclusion may be selected (age groups, severity of disease and treatment taken or not, etc.)
Randomization ensures that participants have an equal chance to be assigned to one of two or more groups:
One group gets the most widely accepted treatment (standard treatment/ gold standard)
The other gets the new treatment being tested, which researchers hope and have reason to believe will be better than the standard treatment
Subject variation: First, there may be bias on the part of the participants, who may subjectively feel better or report improvement if they knew they were receiving a new form of treatment.
Observer bias: The investigator measuring the outcome of a therapeutic trial may be influenced if he knows beforehand the particular procedure or therapy to which the patient has been subjected.
Evaluation bias: There may be bias in evaluation - that is, the investigator(Analyzer) may subconsciously give a favorable report of the outcome of the trial.
Co-intervention:
participants use other therapy or change behavior
Study staff, medical providers, family or friends treat participants differently.
Biased outcome ascertainment:
participants may report symptoms or outcomes differently or physicians
Investigators may elicit symptoms or outcomes differently
A technique used to prevent selection bias by concealing the allocation sequence from those assigning participants to intervention groups, until the moment of assignment.
Allocation concealment prevents researchers from influencing which participants are assigned to a given intervention group.
All clinical trials must be approved by Institutional Ethics Committee before initiation
It is mandatory to register clinical trials with Clinical Trials Registry of India
Informed consent from all study participants is mandatory.
A preclinical trial is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials, and during which important feasibility and drug safety data are collected.
Following points high.
Chair, Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, MHS, discusses neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in this CME activity titled “Mastering Diagnosis and Navigating the Sea of Targeted Treatments in NMOSD: Practical Guidance on Optimizing Patient Care.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/4av12w4. CME credit will be available until June 27, 2025.
Case presentation of a 14-year-old female presenting as unilateral breast enlargement and found to have a giant breast lipoma. The tumour was successfully excised with the result that the presumed unilateral breast enlargement reverting back to normal. A review of management including a photo of the removed Giant Lipoma is presented.
Hepatocarcinoma today between guidelines and medical therapy. The role of sur...Gian Luca Grazi
Today more than ever, hepatocellular carcinoma therapy is experiencing profound and substantial changes.
The association atezolizumab (ATEZO) plus bevacizumab (BEVA) has demonstrated its effectiveness in the post-operative treatment of patients, improving the results that can be achieved with liver resections. This after the failure of the use of sorafenib in the already historic STORM study.
On the other hand, the prognostic classification of BCLC is now widely questioned. It is now well recognized that the indications for surgery for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are certainly narrow in BCLC and no longer reflect what is common everyday clinical practice.
Today, the concept of multiparametric therapeutic hierarchy, which makes the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma much more flexible and allows the best therapy for the individual patient to be identified based on their clinical characteristics, is gaining more and more importance.
The presentation traces these profound changes that are taking place in recent years and offers a modern vision of the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Chair and Presenter, Stephen V. Liu, MD, Benjamin Levy, MD, Jessica J. Lin, MD, and Prof. Solange Peters, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE activity titled “Decoding Biomarker Testing and Targeted Therapy in NSCLC: The Complete Guide for 2024.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/4bBb8fi. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA/IPCE credit will be available until July 1, 2025.
2. INTRODUCTION.
Bulbous plant.
Height- 1.2 m
Family- allium
Botanical name- allium sativum
Uses- in seasoning, flavouring food.
also as a medicine.
23.Leyla Bayan,1 Peir Hossain Koulivand,1 and Ali Gorji1,2,*. Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2014 Jan-Feb
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
3. History of garlic
During olympics in Greece, atheletes used garlic to
improve stamina
Ancient Indian and Chinese medicine- respiration,
digestion, leprosy, parasitic infestation.
Used by Sumerians and Egyptians.
23.Leyla Bayan,1 Peir Hossain Koulivand,1 and Ali Gorji1,2,*. Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed.
2014 Jan-Feb
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
4. Nutritional value
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
https://depositphotos.com/118637586/stock-illustration-nutritional-value-of-garlic.html
5. Bio-active components of garlic
Garlic consist of several sulfurous phytochemical compounds.
Allin- sulfurous compound.24
allinase
Allin Allicin
(when fresh raw
garlic is crushed)
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
. Dr. Edward Group DC, NP, DACBN, DCBCN, DABFM. The Health Benefits of Garlic: Nature’s Best Medicine. Published on December 13,
2016
6. Allin
Diallyl disulside Diallyl trisulfide Diallyl tetrasulfide
Allicin
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
Dr. Edward Group DC, NP, DACBN, DCBCN, DABFM. The Health Benefits of Garlic: Nature’s Best Medicine. Published on December 13,
2016
8. Anti- Microbial properties.
Allicin and Aged Garlic Extract -
Anti-oxidant properties
Practically vapour form more preferable
anti-inflammatory effects
gamma delta-T cells and Nk cells
1.Daynea Wallock-Richards et al. Garlic Revisited: Antimicrobial Activity of Allicin-Containing Garlic Extracts against Burkholderia cepacia Complex. December 1,
2014
2.Jana Reiter et al. Diallylthiosulfinate (Allicin), a Volatile Antimicrobial from Garlic (Allium sativum), Kills Human Lung Pathogenic Bacteria, Including MDR Strains,
as a Vapor. Molecules. 2017 Oct 12
3.Fozieh Jahani Moghadam et al. Antibacterial Activity of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) on Multi-Drug Resistant Helicobacter pylori Isolated From Gastric Biopsies. Int
J Enteric Pathog. 2014
4.Mahmoud Zardast et al. Assessment of antibacterial effect of garlic in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori using urease breath test. Avicenna J Phytomed.
2016 Sep-Oct
5.Nantz MP et al. Supplementation with aged garlic extract improves both NK and γδ-T cell function and reduces the severity of cold and flu symptoms: a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled nutrition intervention. Clin Nutr. 2012 Jun
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
9. Mechanism
Bacteria- GSH or cysteine residues
GSH or cysteine acted upon by free
thiols present in allicin
By sulfhydryl modifying activity
inhibits action of bacteria.
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
10. Anti-Hypertensive properties
Allicin present in garlic-
Reduces hypertension with no side effects.
Allicin reduces SBP by 10%
Allicor is more effective than kwai
500 mg capsules- twice in a day showed better effect SBP.
6.Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan et al. Does Garlic Supplementation Control Blood Pressure in Patients with Severe Coronary Artery Disease? A Clinical Trial
Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016 Nov
7. Ried K etal. Aged garlic extract reduces blood pressure in hypertensives: a dose-response trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jan
8.Sobenin IA et al. Time-released garlic powder tablets lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in men with mild and moderate arterial hypertension.
Hypertens Res. 2009 Jun
9.Kshitij Bhardwaj, Manish Kumar Verma, Narsingh Verma, Shipra Bhardwaj, Saumya Mishra. Effect of long term supplementation of active garlic allicin
in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. Vol 2, No 3 (2015) Bhardwaj.
10.Chuan Hsiao Han et al. Antihypertensive activities of processed garlic on spontaneously hypertensive rats and hypertensive humans. Journal Botanical
Studies
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11. Mechanism
11
Mediation of
intracellular
nitric oxide
Mediation of
intracellular
hydrogen
sulphide
Obstruction
of
angiotensin-
II production
11.Karin Ried and Peter Fakler. Potential of garlic (Allium sativum) in lowering high blood pressure: mechanisms of action and clinical relevance. Integr Blood Press Control. 2014
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
12. AGE increases thiol
antioxidants-
increases NO
eNOS
(synthesis
requires L-
arginine and
BH4 cofactor)
By
guanylyl
cyclase
dependent
pathway
Increase in
dilation of
blood vessels.
Hydrogen sulphide
mediates through
sulfhydration of ATP-
sensitive potassium
channels
Voltage sensitive
channel opens
Vascular relaxation
of smooth
muscles
AGE inhibits
angiotensin-II enzyme
Suppresses
angiotensin-II
production
Leads to
vasodilation and
reduces
hypertension
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
13. Garlic in CVD
Supplements- AGE capsule(250 gm), vit B12(100 micro gm), l-arginine(100mg), folic
acid(300micro gm), vit B6(12.5 mg) for 1 year
Prevents atherosclerosis
total cholestrol, homocysteine, LDL-C, IgG and IgM were decreased. HDL-C, Lp(a)
levels increased in controlled group
wEAT and homocysteine levels in AGE+S group
bEAT/wEAT, TR=vascular function
Mechanism
AGE+S inhibits damage of NO synthesis. Arginine increases NO bioavailability, thus prevents
vascular stiffness.
12.Isaacsohn JL et al. Garlic powder and plasma lipids and lipoproteins: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jun 8
13.Matthew J.BudoffM.D et al. Inhibiting progression of coronary calcification using Aged Garlic Extract in patients receiving statin therapy: a preliminary study. Preventive Medicine, Volume 39, Issue 5,
November 2004
14.Budoff MJ etal. Aged garlic extract supplemented with B vitamins, folic acid and L-arginine retards the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. Prev Med. 2009 Aug-Sep
15.Seo DY et al. Independent beneficial effects of aged garlic extract intake with regular exercise on cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women. Nutr Res Pract. 2012 Jun
16.Ahmadi N et al. Aged garlic extract with supplement is associated with increase in brown adipose, decrease in white adipose tissue and predict lack of progression in coronary atherosclerosis. Int J
Cardiol. 2013 Oct 3
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
14. Anti-
cancer
properties
In ovarian
cancer
In Saos-2
osteosarcoma
Breast cancerLiver cancer
Pancreatic
cancer
Anti-cancer properties
18.Xu Y1, et al S-allylcysteine suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation by DNA methylation through DNMT1.
19.Wen-Peng Xie et al. Treatment of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with diallyl trisulfide is associated with an increase in calreticulin expression. Exp Ther Med. 2018 Jun;
20.Malki A et al. Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide induced apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Nov;8
21.Wu CC et al. Differential effects of allyl sulfides from garlic essential oil on cell cycle regulation in human liver tumor cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2004 Dec
22.Hong-Bing Ma et al. Apoptotic pathway induced by diallyl trisulfide in pancreatic cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan 7
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15. Type of cancer Bio-active compound of
garlic
Result
Ovarian cancer S-allyl cysteine SAC arrest G1/S phase of A2780 cell
Decreases level of DNA methylation, DNMT1
DNMT1- process of DNA methylation
DNA methylation- causes cancer development
Osteosarcoma cells Diallyl trisulfide (DAT) DATS- calreticulin(CRT) expression osteosarcoma cells.
CRT supplies macrophages to tumor cells to attack, produces killer lymphocytes,
decrease blood supply to tumor tissue
Breast cancer Diallyl trisulfide (DAT) apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines.
Increases expression levels of FAS and cyclin D1(apoptotic cells)
Decreases expression of Akt and Bcl-2 (cancer cell lines).
Liver cancer Diallyl sulfide(DAS), diallyl
disulfide(DADS), diallyl
trisulfide(DATS)
DATS-more effective in inhibiting cells.
DATS reduces cyclin dependent kinase-Cdk7 protein levels in J5 and increases
cyclin B1 level.
Modulation potency- DATS>DADS>DAS
Reason- sulfuric atom numbers in structure of this allyl sulfides
Pancreatic cancer Diallyl trisulfide(DAT) expression of FAS, p21, p53 and cyclin B1 (apoptotic causing cells)
expression of Akt, MDM2 and Bcl-2(causes inhibition of apoptosis)
DATS - capan-2 cells apoptosis than in H6C7 cells
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
16. CONCLUSION
Garlic have shown many positive effects on various diseases like
microbial infection, hypertension, CVD, cancer.
Allicin plays a chief role in reducing blood pressure, as anti-
microbial.
It has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to
presence of phytochemicals, flavonoids- inhibits infection.
Garlic also lowers risk of atherosclerosis
It is anti-thrombogenic, anti-oxidant, vasodilator, lowers LDL-C,
TG levels, lowers cholestrol
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
17. Studies about CVD still needs more research because different forms
and constituents used gives variation in results. Dose and amount,
process for lowering calcification has to be clearly described.
DATS shows anti-cancer properties by cell cycle arrest, inhibiting cancer
cell growth, apoptosis in various cancer cells like of ovarian, pancreatic,
liver, breast cancer etc.
Positive results are found but investigation for proper mechanism of
apoptotic nature has to be described.
People who are sensitive to sulfur can have flatulance, bloating, burning
sensation.
Thus garlic can be said to be a super food due to multi-functional
properties. Consuming 2 garlic a day is recommended.
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
18. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.Daynea Wallock-Richards , Catherine J. Doherty , Lynsey Doherty, David J. Clarke, Marc Place, John R. W. Govan ,
Dominic J. Campopiano. Garlic Revisited: Antimicrobial Activity of Allicin-Containing Garlic Extracts against Burkholderia
cepacia Complex. December 1, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112726
2.Jana Reiter 1 , Natalja Levina 2 , Mark van der Linden 2 , Martin Gruhlke 1 , Christian Martin 3 and Alan J. Slusarenko.
Diallylthiosulfinate (Allicin), a Volatile Antimicrobial from Garlic (Allium sativum), Kills Human Lung Pathogenic Bacteria,
Including MDR Strains, as a Vapor. Molecules. 2017 Oct 12;22(10). pii: E1711. doi: 10.3390/molecules22101711.
3.Fozieh Jahani Moghadam 1, Tahereh Navidifar 2, Mansour Amin 1 *. Antibacterial Activity of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
on Multi-Drug Resistant Helicobacter pylori Isolated From Gastric Biopsies. Int J Enteric Pathog. 2014;2(2): e16749.
doi: 10.17795/ijep16749
4.Mahmoud Zardast,1 Kokab Namakin,2,* Jamil Esmaelian Kaho,3 and Sarira Sadat Hashemi3. Assessment of antibacterial
effect of garlic in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori using urease breath test. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2016 Sep-Oct;
6(5): 495–501. PMID: 27761418
5.Nantz MP1, Rowe CA, Muller CE, Creasy RA, Stanilka JM, Percival SS. Supplementation with aged garlic extract improves
both NK and γδ-T cell function and reduces the severity of cold and flu symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-
controlled nutrition intervention. Clin Nutr. 2012 Jun;31(3):337-44. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.11.019. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
19. 6.Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan,1 Javad Nasrollahzadeh,1 Ali Mohammad Zadeh,2 and Ali Zahedmehr3,* Does Garlic
Supplementation Control Blood Pressure in Patients with Severe Coronary Artery Disease? A Clinical Trial Study. Iran Red
Crescent Med J. 2016 Nov; 18(11): e23871.Published online 2016 Aug 24. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.23871
7. Ried K1, Frank OR, Stocks NP. Aged garlic extract reduces blood pressure in hypertensives: a dose-response trial. Eur J
Clin Nutr. 2013 Jan;67(1):64-70. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.178. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
8.Sobenin IA1, Andrianova IV, Fomchenkov IV, Gorchakova TV, Orekhov AN. Time-released garlic powder tablets lower
systolic and diastolic blood pressure in men with mild and moderate arterial hypertension. Hypertens Res. 2009
Jun;32(6):433-7. doi: 10.1038/hr.2009.36. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
9.Kshitij Bhardwaj, Manish Kumar Verma, Narsingh Verma, Shipra Bhardwaj, Saumya Mishra. Effect of long term
supplementation of active garlic allicin in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. Vol 2, No 3 (2015) Bhardwaj.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20150550
10.Chuan Hsiao Han, Ju Chi Liu, Kwan Han Chen, Yin Shiou Lin, Ching Tan Chen, Chien Teng Fan, Hu Lun Lee, Der
Zen Liu, Wen Chi Hou. Antihypertensive activities of processed garlic on spontaneously hypertensive rats and
hypertensive humans. Journal Botanical Studies,
Volume 52, Issue number 3, State Published - Jul 2011
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
20. 11.Karin Ried and Peter Fakler. Potential of garlic (Allium sativum) in lowering high blood
pressure: mechanisms of action and clinical relevance. Integr Blood Press Control. 2014; 7: 71–82.
Published online 2014 Dec 9. doi: 10.2147/IBPC.S51434
12.Isaacsohn JL1, Moser M, Stein EA, Dudley K, Davey JA, Liskov E, Black HR. Garlic powder
and plasma lipids and lipoproteins: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Intern
Med. 1998 Jun 8;158(11):1189-94. PMID:962539
13.Matthew J.BudoffM.D.aJunichiroTakasuM.D., Ph.D.aFerdinand
R.FloresR.N.aYutakaNiiharaM.D.bBinLuM.D.cBenjamin H.LauM.D., Ph.D.dRobert
T.RosenPh.D.eHarunobuAmagasePh.D.f Inhibiting progression of coronary calcification using
Aged Garlic Extract in patients receiving statin therapy: a preliminary study. Preventive Medicine,
Volume 39, Issue 5, November 2004, Pages 985-991.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.012
14.Budoff MJ1, Ahmadi N, Gul KM, Liu ST, Flores FR, Tiano J, Takasu J, Miller E, Tsimikas S.
Aged garlic extract supplemented with B vitamins, folic acid and L-arginine retards the progression
of subclinical atherosclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. Prev Med. 2009 Aug-Sep;49(2-3):101-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.018. Epub 2009 Jun 30.
15.Seo DY1, Lee SR, Kim HK, Baek YH, Kwak YS, Ko TH, Kim N, Rhee BD, Ko KS, Park BJ,
Han J. Independent beneficial effects of aged garlic extract intake with regular exercise on
cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women. Nutr Res Pract. 2012 Jun;6(3):226-31.
doi:10.4162/nrp.2012.6.3.226. Epub 2012 Jun 30.
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
21. 16.Ahmadi N1, Nabavi V, Hajsadeghi F, Zeb I, Flores F, Ebrahimi R, Budoff M. Aged garlic extract with supplement is
associated with increase in brown adipose, decrease in white adipose tissue and predict lack of progression in coronary
atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol. 2013 Oct 3;168(3):2310-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.182. Epub 2013 Mar 1.
17. Christoph H. Saely a–c Kathrin Geiger b, c Heinz Drexel a–d. Brown versus White Adipose Tissue: A Mini-Review.
Received: April 1, 2010 Accepted: September 20, 2010 Published online: December 7, 2010. Gerontology 2012;58:15–
23 DOI: 10.1159/000321319
18.Xu Y1,2, Su D3, Zhu L4, Zhang S1, Ma S1, Wu K4, Yuan Q5, Lin N6. S-allylcysteine suppresses ovarian cancer cell
proliferation by DNA methylation through DNMT1. J Ovarian Res. 2018 May 14;11(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s13048-018-
0412-1.
19.Wen-Peng Xie,1,* Yue Zhang,1,* Yong-Kui Zhang,2 Gang Li,1,2 Jian Xin,2 Rong-Xiu Bi,1,2 and Chuan-Jie Li3 .
Treatment of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with diallyl trisulfide is associated with an increase in calreticulin expression.
Exp Ther Med. 2018 Jun; 15(6): 4737–4742.
Published online 2018 Apr 5. doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.6037
20.Malki A1, El-Saadani M, Sultan AS. Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide induced apoptosis in MCF7 human breast
cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Nov;8(22):2175-85. Epub 2009 Nov 22. PMID:19823037
Prapti Gandhi. Dr.BMN college of home science
22. 21.Wu CC1, Chung JG, Tsai SJ, Yang JH, Sheen LY. Differential effects of allyl sulfides
from garlic essential oil on cell cycle regulation in human liver tumor cells. Food Chem
Toxicol. 2004 Dec;42(12):1937-47. PMID:15500931 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2004.07.008
22.Hong-Bing Ma, Shan Huang, Xiao-Ran Yin, Yang Zhang, and Zheng-Li Di.
Apoptotic pathway induced by diallyl trisulfide in pancreatic cancer cells. World J
Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan 7; 20(1): 193–203. Published online 2014 Jan 7. doi:
10.3748/wjg.v20.i1.193
23.Leyla Bayan,1 Peir Hossain Koulivand,1 and Ali Gorji1,2,*. Garlic: a review of
potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2014 Jan-Feb; 4(1): 1–14. PMCID:
PMC4103721. PMID: 25050296
24. Dr. Edward Group DC, NP, DACBN, DCBCN, DABFM. The Health Benefits of
Garlic: Nature’s Best Medicine. Published on December 13, 2016.
https://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/health-benefits-of-garlic/
25.https://depositphotos.com/118637586/stock-illustration-nutritional-value-of-
garlic.html
26.http://flipper.diff.org/app/items/info/7381
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