Communication is the exchange of ideas, facts, opinions or emotions to create mutual understanding. The communication process involves a sender encoding and transmitting a message through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. Barriers to effective communication include physical barriers, psychological barriers like tuning out opposing ideas, language problems, and nonverbal distractions. Communication can be improved by providing feedback, avoiding grandstanding, and using appropriate channels of communication like downward, upward, horizontal, and diagonal channels as well as formal and informal networks.
Communication is the process of passing information from one person to another through verbal or nonverbal means to affect change. The communication process involves interrelated elements like the sender, message, medium, receiver, and feedback working together. It follows steps where the sender encodes an idea into a message, sends it through a channel, the receiver decodes the message and provides feedback. For communication to be effective, the sender and receiver must have clear goals and their feedback must be in line with the original sender's intent.
Communication skills meaning & process with audioatul0107
This document defines communication and describes the communication process. Communication is defined as the process of passing information from one person to another. The communication process involves a sender creating a message and sending it through a channel to a receiver. Key aspects of the process include: 1) A sender initiating the communication with a message. 2) A message being created and sent through a channel. 3) Common channels including phone, email, in-person. 4) A receiver who understands the message and provides feedback. Feedback is important for the sender to know if the message was received and understood as intended.
Communication process and elements of communication [Lab1]GBPUA&T, Pantnagar
The document discusses the key elements of communication according to several scholars. It describes communication as the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver, with six main elements: the sender, message, channel, treatment of the message, receiver, and feedback. It provides details on each of these elements, such as the sender deciding on the message and how to deliver it with the receiver in mind. It also discusses Claude Shannon's model of communication which includes an information source, encoder, channel, decoder, and destination. The document provides examples and explanations of each communication concept.
This document discusses various channels and barriers of communication. It describes formal and informal channels that information can flow through in an organization. Formal channels include chain, wheel, star, circle, and Y networks which strictly follow communication rules and hierarchy. The informal channel is called the grapevine, which spreads unofficial information randomly through single strand, gossip, probability, and cluster chains. Barriers that obstruct effective communication are also outlined, such as physical barriers like noise, psychological barriers like emotions, semantic barriers like poor word choice, cultural barriers like differences in customs, organizational barriers like rigid rules, and mechanical barriers like equipment issues.
This PPT is based on elements of communication in computer system. Various components have been discussed briefly and images and animations are use to make one understands better of this topic. Hope you will like it. THANKYOU !!!!!!
The document discusses communication in organizations. It defines communication as the process of sharing meaning through symbolic messages. Effective communication is important for managers to accomplish their functions and is the main activity managers devote their time to. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message, sending it through a channel, a receiver decoding the message, and potential feedback. There are formal vertical, horizontal, and informal communication channels in organizations. Maintaining effective communication requires understanding audiences, feedback, simple language, and an open environment free of barriers.
This document defines and describes the different levels of communication. It identifies five levels - extrapersonal, intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, and mass communication. Extrapersonal communication occurs between humans and non-humans. Intrapersonal communication takes place within an individual. Interpersonal communication is the exchange of information between people, either formally or informally. Organizational communication happens within a company at different hierarchical levels. Mass communication uses mass media like television and newspapers to transmit information to a large audience.
Communication involves the sharing of information between individuals or groups to reach a common understanding. It is the process of exchanging information from a sender to a receiver. Effective communication improves quality, responsiveness, and innovation in organizations through functions like control, motivation, emotional expression, and information sharing. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a channel, and a receiver decoding the message, with potential noise or distortions. Organizations use formal downward, upward, and lateral communication channels as well as informal small group networks and the grapevine. Barriers to effective communication include filtering, selective perception, information overload, emotions, language differences, and cross-cultural differences.
Bsed eng roncales,jertine,a.-task5-module2JertineGray
Hi everyone! This is my presentation about the Nature of Communication. I hope you will learn from it, and I also hope you will enjoy it.
Thank you so much, Godbless!
Communication is the sharing of ideas and knowledge between individuals. It involves both verbal and nonverbal exchange of information and builds interpersonal skills that are important for effective teamwork. Communication can take various forms, such as oral, written, formal, informal, interpersonal, and group. While communication has advantages like sharing ideas efficiently, it also has disadvantages like acting as a barrier between different cultures and requiring time and energy. Nonverbal communication through body language can also effectively share messages but lacks versatility and clarity at distances. Overall, understanding various communication methods, their advantages and disadvantages is important for professional success.
Components of Communication is article base on business and communication with each other, it helps to develop best communicator with audience and with others industries uses.
The document discusses the 5 elements of communication: sender, receiver, message, channel, and feedback. It defines each element and provides examples. The sender initiates communication and must use effective verbal and nonverbal techniques. The receiver listens to the message. The message itself can take various forms and its interpretation depends on the receiver. The message travels via a communication channel, each with advantages and disadvantages. Feedback involves the receiver responding to the sender to determine understanding.
Communication is a process of exchanging information, ideas, feelings and emotions through various mediums like oral, written, or non-verbal means. It is a cyclical process that involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a channel to the receiver. For the process to be complete, the receiver must interpret and understand the message and provide feedback to the sender. Key components of the communication process include the context, sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback.
Communication involves the sharing of information between two parties who have something in common. It is a continuous process that includes a sender encoding a message, a medium to transmit the message, a receiver who decodes and understands the message, and potential feedback or noise. There are three main types of communication: non-verbal communication which involves facial expressions and body language; verbal communication which uses spoken or written language; and visual communication which uses graphical representations to efficiently convey meaning, such as in websites, presentations, or social media posts. Communication also has certain inherent properties - it involves communicators, is irreversible, is proactive, is a social process, involves individual interpretation of meaning, and relies on symbolic interaction.
Trevor, I learned about the 5 stages of the communication cycle - creation, transmission, reception, decoding, and response. This was a clear explanation of how communication works between a sender and receiver.
Process of communication || Communication Skills || By Dr. Anukriti SharmaDr. Anukriti Sharma
In this presentation, you will learn the process of communication which refers to the transmission or passage of information or message from the sender through a selected channel to the receiver overcoming barriers that affect its pace. The process of communication is a cyclic one as it begins with the sender and ends with the sender in the form of feedback. The communication process refers to a series of actions or steps taken in order to successfully communicate.
Communication is a process of passing information and understanding from one person to another. Watch this presentation on basic elements of communication. Soumit Ranjan Jena
There are four main types of communication: verbal communication which includes speech, written communication which involves written words, nonverbal communication which conveys messages without words through gestures and expressions, and visual communication which relies on visual aids like images, symbols, and design to get a message across. Each type of communication serves a different purpose and is used in various contexts depending on whether an individual, small group, or large audience needs to receive the information. Effective communication requires understanding and using different types of communication appropriately based on the situation.
This document discusses the process of communication. It defines communication and provides definitions from various authors. It then describes the main types of communication as verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication is further divided into written and oral communication. The document outlines the key components of the communication process, including the context, sender, message, medium, recipient, and feedback. It explains each step in transmitting information from the sender to the recipient.
This document defines communication as the exchange of ideas, thoughts, information, and knowledge between a sender and receiver. It notes that communication requires a sender to transmit a message and a receiver to understand the meaning of the message. Additionally, the document explains that proper preparation and transmission of the message through a clear channel is important to avoid potential misunderstandings during communication due to misinterpretation.
The document discusses the process of conducting marketing research. It defines marketing research as the systematic gathering and analysis of data related to marketing goods and services. The purpose is to help businesses identify opportunities and reduce risks. The document then outlines the 7 steps to effective marketing research: 1) define problems/opportunities, 2) set objectives/budget/timelines, 3) select research methods, 4) design instruments, 5) collect data, 6) analyze data, and 7) present findings. Both secondary research (existing sources) and primary research (surveys, interviews) are discussed.
1. The document discusses various topics related to surface tension and surface phenomena including measurement methods, factors that influence surface tension, absorption vs adsorption, spreading of liquids, and surface activity of molecules.
2. Key concepts covered are how temperature affects surface tension, techniques for measuring surface tension like the stalagmometer and drop weight methods, and the relationship between surface tension and factors like concentration of electrolytes.
3. The role of surface active molecules in lowering surface tension and enabling emulsification is also summarized.
Leadership involves influencing followers to achieve common goals willingly through a dynamic social process. Key features include followers, an active working relationship, and achieving goals through inspiration rather than fear. Leadership styles include autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire approaches. Trait, behavioral, and situational theories provide frameworks for understanding effective leadership. Motivation refers to internal drives directing energy toward goals. Important motivation theories include Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory, McGregor's Theory X and Y, and equity theory.
Standards institutes like BIS, ISO, FDA, and WHO work to improve quality of life by developing and harmonizing standards. BIS is India's national standards organization established in 1986 to facilitate standardization and quality control. It develops over 17,000 standards and certifies products and quality management systems. ISO is an international NGO with 161 member countries that develops voluntary consensus standards to facilitate global trade. FDA regulates food, drugs, medical devices and other products in the US. WHO works to attain the highest level of health globally and harmonize health standards between 194 member countries.
After escaping from prison, a thief tries to rob a man at gunpoint but is spotted by police who give chase. The thief hides from the pursuing police officers. While the police are distracted, the thief returns and breaks into their safe before fleeing again, laughing at his success.
Hi Dear viewers,
This presentation is about the Meaning of communication, process of communication,form of communication, objectives of communication, formal & informal channel of communication, and with this i also tried to explain the advantage and disadvantage of oral & written, upward, downward, vertical & horizontal, grapevine communication.
This document discusses various aspects of communication in human behavior and organizations. It covers the functions of communication, the communication process, directions of communication, interpersonal communication methods, formal and informal organizational communication networks, electronic communication tools, barriers to effective communication, and global implications of cultural differences. Paying attention to factors like communication channels, listening skills, feedback, and cultural awareness can help improve communication effectiveness in organizations.
Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and receiver. The basic elements of communication are the sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback. The sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel. The receiver decodes the message and provides feedback to the sender. The context surrounding the communication can impact the meaning of the message. Effective communication requires understanding these core elements and how they interact in the communication process.
The most basic form of communication is a process in which two or more persons attempt to consciously or unconsciously influence each other through the use of symbols or words to satisfy their respective needs.
Communication is the exchange of information between individuals through various channels. It involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a medium, a receiver decoding the message, and providing feedback. There are different types of communication classified by the number of individuals involved (intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, mass) and the medium used (verbal, non-verbal, formal, informal). Effective communication is a multi-step process that ensures the intended message is understood by involving transmission, reception and response.
This document discusses communication and provides definitions, models, levels, and barriers related to the communication process. It defines communication as the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver through a medium. Three models of communication are described: the linear model involving one-way transmission from sender to receiver; the interactive model which adds feedback; and the transactional model where communication is simultaneous and circular between all parties. The document outlines different levels of communication including intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, organizational, public, and mass communication. Finally, it identifies several potential barriers to effective communication such as language barriers, psychological factors, cultural differences, environmental noise, and physiological impairments.
communication and nurse patient relationship by Tamanya Samui.pdfTamanyaSamui1
This document discusses various types and aspects of communication. It begins by defining communication and noting that it is a dynamic, reciprocal process of sending and receiving messages to share information and obtain a response. It then discusses different levels of communication including intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and electronic communication. The document also covers factors that influence communication such as culture, emotions, misunderstandings, education levels, past experiences, and relationships between communicators. Barriers to communication and techniques for overcoming those barriers are also examined.
Communication is defined as the exchange of information, ideas, knowledge, thoughts, or feelings between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior. The process of communication begins with a sender who encodes a message and transmits it through an appropriate medium or channel. At the other end, the receiver decodes the message, interprets it, and provides feedback to the sender. Effective communication requires the message to be understood by the receiver as intended by the sender.
Business communication is the sharing of information within an organization to benefit the organization commercially. Effective communication requires strong listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. There are many types of communication including verbal, non-verbal, formal, informal, and mass communication. Communication models like SMCR and Shannon-Weaver help explain the communication process which involves encoding and decoding messages that are sent through various channels. Barriers like noise, perceptions, and complex structures can interfere with clear communication. Developing skills in areas like listening, reading, speaking and writing are important for professional success.
Communication is essential for success in business. Effective communication requires strong listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Barriers like noise, perceptions, emotions, and organizational complexity can interfere with communication. Models like SMCR and Shannon-Weaver help explain the communication process as the transmission of messages from a sender through a channel to a receiver, with feedback. For communication to be successful, the message must be understood as intended.
The document discusses communication, defining it as the exchange of ideas, thoughts, emotions, and information between two or more people. It notes communication is a two-way process and outlines the key elements and process of communication, including sender, encoding, message, medium, receiver, decoding, and feedback. The importance of communication skills is discussed for social and organizational contexts. Principles of effective communication are also presented.
This document provides an overview of the basics of communication. It defines communication as the process of sharing information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings from a source to a receiver through various mediums to develop a common understanding. The document discusses models of communication, types of verbal and nonverbal communication, levels of communication from intrapersonal to mass communication. It also outlines various barriers to effective communication such as environmental, semantic, cultural, psychological, perception, organizational, gender differences, and choosing the wrong communication medium. The document serves to introduce fundamental concepts about the nature and process of communication.
The document discusses life skills and effective communication. It defines life skills as abilities that enable individuals to deal with everyday challenges. Life skills are categorized into cognitive, personal, and interpersonal skills and include skills like decision making, problem solving, communication, and stress management. Effective communication involves clearly sending and receiving intended messages and is important for social and professional contexts. The document also discusses various aspects of communication like types, flows, barriers, and overcoming noise.
Effective communication involves the transmission of ideas from a sender to a receiver so they share the same understanding. Communication is the exchange of information through various channels and media. There are different types of communication including one-way, two-way, and one-to-many communication. Barriers like noise, assumptions, and cultural differences can interfere with effective communication. Active listening and characteristics like clarity, conciseness, and courtesy also impact successful communication.
This document defines communication and describes the communication process. Communication is the exchange of information between two or more people through various channels or mediums. The communication process involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a channel, which is received and decoded by the receiver. There may then be feedback from the receiver to the sender. The document also outlines different types of communication, forms of communication, and potential barriers to effective communication.
This document provides an overview of communication processes and models. It begins by defining communication and listing its key functions, which include control, motivation, emotional expression, and sharing of information. The communication process is described as having two phases - the transmission phase where a message is encoded and sent, and the feedback phase where the message is decoded and a response is generated. Different types of communication are also outlined, including downward, upward, lateral, interpersonal, and organizational communication. Models of communication presented include the Lasswell model, Shannon-Weaver model, and Schramm model. Barriers to effective communication like filtering, selective perception, and emotions are then discussed. The document concludes with the seven C's of effective communication.
Communication is the exchange of information between two or more parties through various mediums. It involves a sender transmitting a message through a channel to a receiver. There are several types of communication including formal and informal, upward and downward, and verbal and non-verbal. Effective communication requires understanding between parties and can flow in one or two directions with the goal of mutual understanding.
The presentation provides an outline of effective communication.
It covers Effective communication, ten commandments, the process of communication, purpose and types of communication.
The SMCR model of communication describes the key elements in the communication process as the source, message, channel, and receiver. The source encodes the message and considers their attitudes, knowledge, and social system/culture. The message contains the content, elements like language, and how it is conveyed. The channel refers to the sensory method of hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, or tasting used to transmit the message. Finally, the receiver decodes the message and must be on the same level as the source for effective communication.
This document provides an overview of communication skills and the communication process. It defines communication and explains that communication involves transmitting meaning from a sender to a receiver. There are various components of the communication process, including the context, sender, message, medium, receiver, and feedback. Effective communication requires understanding these components and how they interact. The document also discusses intercultural communication and some considerations for communicating successfully across cultural differences.
The document discusses the Drug Price Control Order (DPCO) of 1995 in India. Some key points:
- DPCO 1995 aimed to regulate drug prices and ensure adequate supply of essential medicines at fair prices. It was replaced by DPCO 2013.
- Previous versions of DPCO were introduced in 1966, 1970, 1979, and 1987 to control rising drug prices.
- DPCO 1995 defined key terms like bulk drugs, formulations, and ceiling prices. It explained how the government would fix prices of scheduled bulk drugs and formulations.
- Manufacturers had to provide drug price information to the government annually or when seeking price revisions. The government could recover overcharges or revise prices under certain circumstances.
Rheology is the study of deformation and flow of matter. It examines the flow behavior of complex fluids that do not follow Newton's or Hooke's laws. Rheology seeks to establish relationships between applied forces and induced geometrical effects in fluids, and between rheological properties and molecular structure. It is an interdisciplinary field that incorporates physics, chemistry, and continuum mechanics. Rheological experiments investigate properties like viscosity, yield stress, and viscoelastic effects in non-Newtonian fluids such as foods, personal care products, and biofluids.
This document provides background information on reaction rates and mechanisms. It discusses how factors like reactant concentrations, temperature, catalysts, and surface area can influence reaction rates. It also defines concepts like the rate law, rate constant, reaction order, energy of activation, and Arrhenius equation. Methods for determining reaction order are described, including by varying reactant concentrations and analyzing integrated rate expressions for zero, first, and second order reactions. The effects of temperature on reaction rates are also addressed through the Arrhenius equation.
Adsorption is the process where matter accumulates at the interface between two phases, such as a gas transferring to the surface of a liquid. This occurs due to higher surface energy at interfaces compared to interior molecules. Adsorption equilibria can be modeled using isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and BET, which relate the amount adsorbed to concentration in solution. Factors like adsorbate properties, pH, temperature, and presence of other solutes influence adsorption extent and isotherm shape.
Rheology is the study of deformation and flow of matter. It governs the flow of fluids in the body like blood, lymph, and mucus. From a rheological perspective, materials are solids, liquids, or gases depending on whether their shape and volume remain constant under forces. The flow properties of materials determine how easily substances like emulsions and ointments can be processed and used. Materials can exhibit Newtonian or non-Newtonian flow based on whether their viscosity changes with applied stress. Key non-Newtonian flows include plastic, pseudoplastic, and dilatant. Factors like polymer structure, hydration, pH, and temperature affect the rheological properties of pharmaceutical products.
The document discusses forecasting and management by objectives (MBO). It defines forecasting as predicting future conditions to guide activities and performance. Forecasting involves analyzing past and present data from internal and external sources. The importance of forecasting includes planning, coordination, control, and facing challenges. Limitations include assumptions and costs. MBO is a goal setting approach involving subordinates in consultation to relate individual performance to organizational goals. It aims to measure performance, foster growth, and enhance motivation. Limitations include problems setting goals and potential pressure.
This document discusses planning, forecasting, goals, objectives and strategies. It explains that planning provides a method for identifying objectives and designing activities to achieve objectives. Forecasting is important for planning and there are qualitative and quantitative forecasting methods described, including the Delphi method. Goals and objectives clarify the mission and how it will be achieved, with objectives being specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound. Strategies suggest ways to achieve goals and objectives.
The document discusses various aspects of organization including its nature, need, principles, types, and structure. It defines organization as a structure consisting of relationships between individuals and positions, and as a process of arranging activities to achieve goals. The key aspects of organization discussed are the common purpose, division of labor, communication, and rules/regulations. The document also outlines the steps in organizing as identification, grouping, and assigning activities and duties. It notes that organization facilitates administration, growth, and optimal resource use.
This document discusses communication and provides information on:
1) The communication process involving a sender, message, encoding, medium, receiver, decoding, and feedback.
2) Verbal and nonverbal communication methods.
3) Factors that influence perception in communication like biases and stereotypes.
4) Different communication media and their relative information richness, from most to least being face-to-face, telephone, email, impersonal writing.
5) Barriers to effective communication and skills for managers to improve communication.
The document discusses the TRIPS agreement and its impact on Indian patent law. Some key points:
- TRIPS established minimum global standards for intellectual property protection, including recognizing 7 types of IP rights like patents and copyright. It required countries to provide patent protection for inventions in all fields of technology.
- India initially only allowed process patents for food, drugs etc. TRIPS allowed India a 10 year transition period to implement product patents in all areas.
- The 2005 Patent Act Amendment in India fully complied with TRIPS by granting product patents for all inventions effective January 1, 2005. It also addressed issues like patentability criteria, opposition processes, and compulsory licensing.
Dr. Nasir Mustafa CERTIFICATE OF APPRECIATION "NEUROANATOMY"Dr. Nasir Mustafa
CERTIFICATE OF APPRECIATION
"NEUROANATOMY"
DURING THE JOINT ONLINE LECTURE SERIES HELD BY
KUTAISI UNIVERSITY (GEORGIA) AND ISTANBUL GELISIM UNIVERSITY (TURKEY)
FROM JUNE 10TH TO JUNE 14TH, 2024
This is an introduction to Google Productivity Tools for office and personal use in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on Saturday 13 and Sunday 14 July 2024. The PDF talks about various Google services like Google search, Google maps, Android OS, YouTube, and desktop applications.
This presentation was provided by Shaina Lange of Kidney News, and Dianndra Roberts of the Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCPsych), for the fifth session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Five: 'DEIA in Peer Review,' was held July 11, 2024.
Open Source and AI - ByWater Closing Keynote Presentation.pdfJessica Zairo
ByWater Solutions, a leader in open-source library software, will discuss the future of open-source AI Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAGs). Discover how these cutting-edge technologies can transform information access and management in special libraries. Dive into the open-source world, where transparency and collaboration drive innovation, and learn how these can enhance the precision and efficiency of information retrieval.
This session will highlight practical applications and showcase how open-source solutions can empower your library's growth.
PRESS RELEASE - UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, JULY 16, 2024.pdfnservice241
The University of Ghana has launched a new vision and strategic plan, which will focus on transforming lives and societies through unparalleled scholarship, innovation, and result-oriented discoveries.
Odoo 17 Events - Attendees List ScanningCeline George
Use the attendee list QR codes to register attendees quickly. Each attendee will have a QR code, which we can easily scan to register for an event. You will get the attendee list from the “Attendees” menu under “Reporting” menu.
View Inheritance in Odoo 17 - Odoo 17 SlidesCeline George
Odoo is a customizable ERP software. In odoo we can do different customizations on functionalities or appearance. There are different view types in odoo like form, tree, kanban and search. It is also possible to change an existing view in odoo; it is called view inheritance. This slide will show how to inherit an existing view in Odoo 17.
How To Sell Hamster Kombat Coin In Pre-marketSikandar Ali
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How To Sell Hamster Kombat Coin In Pre Market
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How to Empty a One2Many Field in Odoo 17Celine George
This slide discusses how to delete or clear records in an Odoo 17 one2many field. We'll achieve this by adding a button named "Delete Records." Clicking this button will delete all associated one2many records.
2. Communication
Latin word – communis (common)
An exchange of idea, facts, opinions or
emotions to create mutual understanding.
Nature of communication:
1. Pervasive function
2. Continuous process
3. Mutual understanding
4. Two way process
3. The Communication Process
and Communication Barriers
Communication process – Consists
of a sender who encodes a message
and transmits it through a channel to a
receiver who decodes it and may give
feedback.
5. The Process of
Communication
How may the senderHow may the sender
encode a message?encode a message?
Verbally or nonverbally. By
speaking, writing, gesturing.
What kinds of channelsWhat kinds of channels
carry messages?carry messages?
Letters, e-mail, IM, memos,
TV, telephone, voice, body.
Others?
6. The Process of
Communication
How does a receiverHow does a receiver
decode a message?decode a message?
Hearing, reading, observing
When is communicationWhen is communication
successful?successful?
When a message is
understood as the sender
intended it to be.
How can aHow can a
communicator providecommunicator provide
for feedback?for feedback?
Ask questions, check
reactions, don’t dominate
the exchange.
8. Barriers to Communication
5-8
Thought speedThought speed our minds process thoughts
faster than speakers say
them
FakingFaking
attentionattention
pretending to listen
GrandstandingGrandstanding talking all the time or
listening only for the next
pause
9. Gender Conversation
Differences
Men and women converse for different
reasons.
Men tend to talk to emphasize status.
Women tend to talk to create
connections and develop relations.
10. Role/significance of communication
Planning & decision making
Implementation of plans
Motivation & morale
Human relations
Training & development
Coordination
Public relation
11. Channel of communication
Route through which information flow
Formal – institutionally determined and
related with the status of sender and receiver.
Deliberately created to regulate flow of
information in orderly manner.
1. Downward communication
2. Upward communication
3. Horizontal communication
4. Diagonal communication
12. Channel of communication
Informal communication (grapevine)
1. Informal & inter personal
2. Information passes to all direction
3. Flexible & faster
4. Nobody can be held responsible for it
5. Gossips & rumours
13. Communication media
Oral
Written
1. Clarity of thought
2. Simplicity
3. Brevity (brief)
4. Completeness
5. Correctness
6. Empathy (projection on receiver’s position)
7. Pretesting
Nonverbal(Gestural)
14. Communication network
Circle network – Greater satisfaction, noisy,
slow, unorganized
Chain network – order from one superior,
inflexible
Wheel network – all communication passes
through center person, fast but autocratic
All channel network – free flow of
information, highest satisfaction but
unstructured
15. Barrier to communication
Organizational
Status
Semantic
Inattention
Perceptual
Information overload
Premature evaluation
Channel distortion
16. Effective communication
Clarity
Completeness
Brevity
Timeliness
Compassion
Integrity
Compassion
Feedback
Attention
Strategic use of grapevine