What is inductive and Deductive Approach to Research? The difference between Inductive and Deductive Reasoning to Research with clear example, figure and some major differences between them.
Social Research: nature, types and scientific methodSameena Siddique
Social research examines social phenomena using concepts from the social sciences. It aims to illuminate changes in society, but human behavior is irregular and difficult to predict compared to natural sciences. There are different types of social research including descriptive research that reports current conditions, analytical research that critically evaluates existing data, applied research that solves problems, and fundamental research that develops theories. Research can also be qualitative and focus on meanings, or quantitative and rely on measurable data. The scientific method is a systematic process used in social research involving observation, hypothesis, and verification through empirical evidence, concepts, and logical reasoning. However, whether human behavior can truly be studied scientifically is debated.
This document discusses identifying and formulating research problems. It defines a research problem as a question a researcher wants to answer or a problem they want to solve. Identifying and formulating the research problem is the first step in the research process. The document outlines the components of a research problem, sources of problems, criteria for selection, steps in identifying problems, and dos and don'ts for selecting a problem. It emphasizes that formulating a problem well is important, and describes the steps in properly formulating a problem, including developing a title, conceptual model, objectives, and hypotheses.
This document provides an outline for a presentation on developing questionnaires. It discusses key topics such as the definition of a questionnaire, its purpose, elements, characteristics, types (open-ended, closed-ended, mixed), steps to develop one, when to use questionnaires, issues to consider regarding content and guidelines for development. Advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires are also presented. The document aims to inform participants on best practices for constructing effective questionnaires.
This document defines and describes different types of research. It discusses research purposes including exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory research. It also covers research uses in basic and applied contexts. The time dimension of cross-sectional and longitudinal research is outlined. Finally, it details quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques.
The document discusses various aspects of research design including:
1. Research design involves decisions about what, where, when, how much, and by what means to study a research problem.
2. Key parts of research design include sampling design, observational design, statistical design, and operational design.
3. Experimental designs aim to establish cause-and-effect relationships through control and manipulation of variables while quasi-experimental and non-experimental designs do not involve manipulation.
In this ppt you can find the materials regarding Significance of Research/Importance of Research
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The document defines and discusses hypotheses in research contexts. It provides that a hypothesis is a formal, testable statement of the expected relationship between independent and dependent variables. The document outlines several definitions of a hypothesis provided by authors and discusses the key characteristics of a good hypothesis. It also differentiates between different types of hypotheses such as universal, existential, null, alternate, non-directional, directional, and research hypotheses. The purpose, components, and process of hypothesis making and testing are described.
This document discusses research philosophy and different philosophical schools of thought. It covers ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Ontology examines the nature of reality, whether social phenomena are objective or subjective. Epistemology studies the nature and sources of knowledge. Axiology assesses the role of values in research. Rationalism and empiricism are discussed as different views on the origins of knowledge. Positivism, realism, interpretivism, and pragmatism are presented as four common research philosophies. Positivism adheres to an objective, detached approach focused on facts and quantification.
This document discusses different types of research design: exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory. Exploratory design is used to investigate a new area and form hypotheses. Descriptive design aims to describe a problem and its solutions. Methods include surveys, observations, and case studies. Explanatory design identifies causal links between variables through methods like literature reviews, in-depth interviews, and case analysis. The document emphasizes that research design provides a logical plan for conducting a study to maximize valid answers to research questions through the appropriate use of exploratory, descriptive, or explanatory approaches.
This document discusses understanding philosophy of research. It begins by explaining why philosophy is important for research as research is based on assumptions about how the world is perceived and understood. It then discusses key aspects of research philosophy including ontology, epistemology, axiology, positivism, realism, interpretivism, and pragmatism. Ontology concerns assumptions about the nature of reality. Epistemology concerns what constitutes knowledge. Axiology refers to the role of values. The document provides descriptions of different philosophical approaches to research.
This document outlines the research methodology process. It discusses that research methodology is the systematic way to solve a research problem through various steps, including literature reviews, developing hypotheses, determining sampling methods, collecting and analyzing data, interpreting results, and preparing a report. The document also covers different types of research such as descriptive vs. analytical and quantitative vs. qualitative research. It provides examples of key aspects of the research methodology process.
This document discusses the process of conducting surveys. It defines what a survey is and lists its key characteristics. The document outlines the main steps in conducting a survey, which include: defining the problem, identifying the target population, choosing the data collection mode, selecting a sample, preparing the instrument, pretesting the instrument, and training interviewers. It also discusses different types of surveys, sampling techniques, question formats, and other considerations for designing an effective survey.
This document provides an overview of case study research methods. It defines case study research as an in-depth exploration of a bounded system or case over time through detailed data collection from multiple sources. The document outlines the purposes, characteristics, types, advantages, and criticisms of case study research. It also discusses data collection techniques and implications for teaching.
Methods of data collection (research methodology)Muhammed Konari
Included all types of data collection.Includes primary data collection and secondary data collection. Described each and every classification of Data collections which are included in KTU Kerala.
Research proposal
704 _Quantitative Research Methods in LIS
Presentation by Sadaf Batool
M.Phil. (scholar)
Roll no 14
Contents
What is research
What is proposal
Definition of research proposal
Types of research proposal
Importance of research proposal
Advantages of research proposal
Relationship of research proposal with research
Component of research proposal
1-title
2-introduction
3-statement of the problem
4-review of related literature
5-Hypothesis
6-purpose /objective of study
7- work plane
8-Method, research design, sample.
9-Refrences
common error in research proposal
Evaluation of research proposal
What is research?
The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
What is proposal?
A plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration by others.
A research proposal “is a document that outlines how you propose to undertake your research studies” (Mouton 2001:p.44).
Definition of research proposal
A research proposal is a document written by a researcher that provides a detailed description of the proposed program,
It is like an outline of the entire research process that gives a reader a summary of the information discussed in a project.
Importance of research proposal
Helps examine what the researcher intends to do.
Research proposal can serve as a document of contract for the project.
Research proposals can be effective starting places to discuss projects with your professors, too.
The research proposal is able to give an overview of the research project so that other people understand the scope of the research, the significance of the research, as well as your proposed methodology and chosen research method.
Advantages of research proposal
Fund to support your research
Allow you to review and critically evaluate your current research program
Convince yourself and others that your research is worth supporting
Keep you focused on your research program
Develop novel ideas during writing proposal.
Relationship of research proposal with research
Research proposal is a plan, and research is action.
Research proposal is compulsory for approving proposed research.
Research proposal is a schedule and research is activity.
Research proposal is a mirror of research
Research proposal is a blue print of research.
Research proposal can serve as a document of contract for the project.
Types of research proposal
There are two major types of research proposal;
Academic:
• An academic proposal is the first step in producing a thesis or major project. Its intent is to convince a supervisor or academic committee that your topic and approach are sound,
Non-academ
The document outlines the key steps in the research process:
1) Establish the need for research and define the problem.
2) Conduct an extensive literature review to understand previous work.
3) Formulate clear research objectives and questions.
4) Determine an appropriate research design including data collection methods.
5) Collect, analyze, and interpret the data to draw conclusions and answer the research questions.
This document discusses selecting and defining a research problem. It explains that a research problem needs to be clearly defined and operationalized using measurable variables. The selection process involves evaluating potential problems based on criteria like the researcher's background and available resources. Problems should be novel, solve a current issue, and allow further research. The document provides guidance on refining broad topics into narrow, specific research problems suitable for different research methods like historical, descriptive or experimental studies.
The document outlines 7 criteria for good scientific research:
1. The purpose and concepts should be clearly defined.
2. The research procedures should be described in detail so others can repeat the work.
3. The design should plan for objective results.
4. Any flaws in the design or their effects should be reported honestly.
It also lists 4 key qualities of good research: it is systematic, logical, empirical, and replicable.
This document discusses various sampling methods used for data collection. It defines key terms like population, sample, parameter, and statistic. It describes probability sampling methods like simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling, and multistage sampling. It also discusses non-probability sampling methods such as convenience sampling, purposive sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling, and self-selection sampling. The document concludes by explaining the different types of sampling errors like sample errors and non-sample errors.
Quantitative, Qualitative, Inductive and Deductive Researchhallidayhannah
Quantitative, Qualitative, Inductive and Deductive Research.
Characteristics of Quantitative and Qualitative Research.
Differences between Inductive and Deductive.
The document discusses inductive and deductive reasoning. It defines them as the two types of arguments: deductive arguments provide logically conclusive support to conclusions while inductive arguments provide probable support. Deductive arguments are based on laws and principles, using premises to logically derive a conclusion. Inductive arguments are based on experience and observation, using specific examples to generalize to broader conclusions. Examples of deductive arguments using major and minor premises are provided, along with discussions of constructing valid deductive arguments and indirect deductive methods like reductio ad absurdum. The differences between strong, weak, and cogent inductive arguments are also outlined.
The document discusses different approaches to teaching - deductive and inductive. The deductive approach involves the teacher directly presenting information to students, while the inductive approach involves the teacher presenting many examples for students to observe patterns and concepts from. Some key differences are noted: the deductive approach is more predictable but the inductive approach tends to lead to deeper understanding and retention. The document also asks questions about personalizing learning, predictability of lessons, desired depth of understanding, and time available to consider which approach may be better suited for a given situation.
This document outlines key concepts related to research paradigms, including positivism and interpretivism. It discusses ontology, epistemology, methodology, and methods. Positivism assumes an objective social reality can be studied through facts and figures using quantitative methods to find causal relationships and social laws. Interpretivism focuses on subjective experience and qualitative data to understand motivations and interpret how people view the world. Both approaches are discussed, along with their criticisms regarding objectivity, reliability, and subjectivity.
One time research and longitudinal researchPooja Shukla
This document discusses one time and longitudinal research. One time research involves studying a sample at a single point in time, such as population surveys. Longitudinal research studies the same sample at multiple points over an extended period. It allows observation of changes in individuals or groups. Cross-sectional studies collect data from a population sample once, while longitudinal studies revisit the same sample multiple times, making longitudinal research better for understanding causation. The document also defines descriptive research and different types of longitudinal research designs like cohort and panel studies.
How to scale up, out or down in Windows AzureCommon Sense
Juan De Abreu gave a presentation on scaling applications in Windows Azure. He discussed scaling up by increasing VM resources versus scaling out by adding more instances. Caching approaches like client-side caching and static content generation were presented to improve performance and scalability. The document also covered handling variable load through maintaining excess capacity or dynamically adding/removing instances using metrics and rules-based automation.
The document discusses the differences between deductive and inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning starts with a general premise that is known to be true and uses logic to draw a specific conclusion. Inductive reasoning uses specific observations to draw a general conclusion that is probable but not certain. Examples are provided of arguments that use deductive or inductive logic.
Chapter 3 The Research Process: The broad problem area and defining the pro...Nardin A
The document discusses the research process and developing a problem statement. It begins by explaining that a broad problem area refers to an overall situation where research is needed, and provides examples of broad problems that could be observed in a workplace. It then discusses how to collect preliminary data through secondary sources to understand the context and existing research. A literature review should identify important variables and previous findings related to the problem. The goal is to narrow the broad problem into a clear, precise problem statement that is relevant, feasible and interesting to research. Finally, it provides examples of properly formatted citations and references.
The document outlines the key steps in the research process, which are: 1) defining the research problem; 2) reviewing relevant literature; 3) formulating testable hypotheses; 4) developing a research design; 5) determining sample design; 6) collecting data; 7) analyzing data; 8) generalizing and interpreting results; and 9) writing a report or thesis. It also discusses different types of research designs including exploratory, descriptive, and causal designs and levels of measurement such as nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales. Common sources of error in measurement are issues with respondents, situational factors, flaws in measurement instruments, and errors in data handling.
The document discusses the development of a theoretical framework and hypotheses in research. It explains that after conducting preliminary research like interviews and a literature review, the next step is to develop a theoretical framework. This involves identifying relevant variables, developing a conceptual model of relationships between variables, and providing explanations for these relationships. Hypotheses are then generated based on the theoretical framework. Hypotheses should be testable statements about expected relationships between variables. Null and alternative hypotheses are also discussed.
The document discusses different types of cross-sectional and cohort research designs used in marketing research. A cross-sectional design involves collecting information from a sample of a population once, while a multiple cross-sectional design collects information from different samples at different time points. Cohort analysis surveys the same group of respondents over time as they experience an event. An example case study tracks soft drink consumption in the US over 30 years in 10-year intervals by cohort.
Interpretivism is a theoretical perspective in sociology that interprets human behavior and society based on people's beliefs and experiences rather than external factors. Interpretivists believe that people make their own choices rather than being determined by natural laws or scientific explanations. They study culture and people's lives in great detail through qualitative methods like interviews and observation to understand people's interpretations of the world from their own perspectives. This provides data that is high in validity since it represents people's true experiences, but results may not be generalizable to wider populations. Key aspects of interpretivism include understanding social phenomena through Verstehen, or empathy, and producing theory that represents how people view the world rather than external causes.
Chp5 - Research Methods for Business By Authors Uma Sekaran and Roger BougieHassan Usman
The document discusses the research process and developing a theoretical framework and hypotheses. It describes identifying variables, developing relationships between variables through a theoretical framework, and generating testable hypotheses. The theoretical framework explains expected relationships between independent and dependent variables. Hypotheses are then developed to empirically test relationships between variables. Examples are provided to demonstrate identifying variables and how they relate in theoretical frameworks.
Introduction to inductive and deductive reasoningrbangerter
The document provides an introduction to inductive and deductive reasoning. It explains that inductive reasoning uses specific examples to derive a probable conclusion about all cases, while deductive reasoning applies a general principle to a specific instance to logically conclude. Several examples of inductive and deductive arguments are given to illustrate the concepts.
The document discusses different types of sampling designs used in research, including probability and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling methods aim to give all members of the population an equal chance of being selected and include simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling. Non-probability sampling methods do not use random selection and include convenience sampling, purposive sampling, and quota sampling. The key factors to consider in sampling design are determining the target population, parameters of interest, sampling frame, appropriate sampling method, and sample size.
There are two basic types of scientific research: inductive and deductive. Inductive research involves assuming theoretical concepts and patterns from observed data to build theories, while deductive research tests concepts and patterns using empirical data to evaluate theories. Additionally, there are three types of scientific research based on purpose: exploratory research investigates new areas of interest to generate initial ideas and test feasibility; descriptive research carefully observes and documents phenomena through reliable scientific methods; and explanatory research seeks explanations for observed phenomena by answering "why" and "how" questions.
The document discusses scientific research and the hypothetico-deductive method. It defines research as a systematic, objective inquiry to solve problems. Scientific research focuses on gathering data through logical steps to analyze problems and draw valid conclusions. The key aspects of scientific research are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method are to identify a problem, define hypotheses, determine measures, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results. Other research methods include case studies and action research.
Presentation on the characteristic of scientific research 1Junesh Acharya
The document discusses scientific research. It defines research as the systematic analysis and recording of controlled observations that can lead to generalizations and theories. Scientific research has several key characteristics: it pursues truth through logical consideration, is objective and replicable, reliable and valid, rigorous, and testable/generalizable. The research process involves realizing a problem, formulating a hypothesis, designing a study, collecting and analyzing data, and generalizing findings. Overall, scientific research uses scientific methods and tools to systematically study and explain variables in an objective, replicable manner.
1. Sampling is selecting a subset of a population to make inferences about the whole population. It involves defining the population, specifying a sampling frame and sampling unit, choosing a sampling method, determining sample size, and selecting the sample.
2. There are two main types of sampling methods - probability sampling, where every unit has a known chance of selection, and non-probability sampling, where the probability of selection is unknown. Common probability methods include simple random sampling, systematic sampling, and stratified sampling. Common non-probability methods include quota sampling, snowball sampling, and convenience sampling.
3. Sources of error in sampling include sampling errors, which arise from differences between the sample and population, and non-sampling
1. The document discusses various research study designs including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches.
2. It provides details on specific designs like case studies, case control studies, action research, cohort studies, descriptive studies, cross-sectional studies, exploratory studies, experimental studies, and longitudinal studies.
3. The advantages and limitations of each design are outlined to help researchers select the most appropriate design for their study.
This document discusses and compares qualitative and quantitative research methods. Both approaches can generate and measure data, but differ in their underlying strategies. Qualitative research is exploratory and inductive, using methods like grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology, and field research to understand phenomena from participants' perspectives. These methods prioritize observation and open-ended interviews over experimental controls. Qualitative research provides rich detail but weaker reliability, validity, and generalizability than quantitative methods. Researchers must consider their goals and the trade-offs of each approach.
This document discusses qualitative research methods. It begins by noting foundational similarities and differences between qualitative and quantitative research. Specifically, it notes that qualitative data can be coded quantitatively and qualitative inquiries can generate quantitative research. The main difference is that qualitative research is exploratory and inductive while quantitative research is confirmatory and deductive.
It then defines key terms in qualitative research like grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology, and field research. It provides examples of methods like participant observation, direct observation, unstructured interviewing, and case studies. Finally, it discusses strengths and weaknesses of qualitative research regarding objectivity, reliability, validity and generalizability.
This document discusses research design, which is the framework or blueprint that guides research methods and techniques chosen by a researcher. It describes key aspects of research design including the types (exploratory, descriptive, experimental, case study), sampling techniques, data collection methods, and data analysis tools. The characteristics of a good research design are discussed as being neutral, reliable, valid, and able to generalize to a population. The different types of research design - exploratory, descriptive, experimental, and case study - are then defined in more detail.
Definition of inductive and deductive research approaches & type of researchJanesEngineeringLife
This document discusses inductive and deductive research approaches. It defines inductive research as starting with observations and patterns in data to develop theories and hypotheses. Deductive research is defined as starting with a theory or hypothesis and testing it through observations and data collection. The key differences between the two approaches are outlined, with inductive moving from specific to general and deductive moving from general to specific. Advantages and disadvantages of each approach are provided. The document concludes that both inductive and deductive research have uses depending on the research question and goals.
This document provides an overview of various research methods and designs. It defines key concepts like research method, approach, design, and functions of research design. It also explains different types of research designs including experimental, non-experimental, qualitative designs like case study, grounded theory, phenomenology, ethnography, and mixed methods. Specific designs like action research, causal-comparative, correlational, descriptive, developmental, historical, quasi-experimental are also defined along with their characteristics and examples. Factors to consider in research design like number of contacts, reference period, nature of investigation are also outlined.
Users of a HumHub network are assigned to one or multiple user groups. User groups are used to manage group level permissions as for example the permission to create spaces or access certain areas of the network as the directory. You can either automatically assign new users to a certain group or let them choose from a set of user groups in the registration process.
This document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists its key characteristics as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research including pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides details on definitions, purposes, and examples. It also discusses research design, hypotheses, variables, and experimental versus non-experimental designs.
Research Methodology, Sampling & Hypothesis.pptSameer63064
The document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists the characteristics of research as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research such as pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides details on the definition, purpose, and key aspects. It also discusses topics such as sampling methods, hypotheses, research design, and data collection in research.
The document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists the characteristics of research as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research such as pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides details on the definition, purpose, and key aspects. It also discusses topics such as sampling methods, hypotheses, research design, and data collection in research.
The document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists the characteristics of research as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research such as pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides details on the definition, purpose, and key aspects. It also discusses topics such as sampling methods, hypotheses, research design, and data collection in research.
This document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists its key characteristics as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research including pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides definitions and discusses their purposes. It also covers research design, hypotheses, and components of research design such as objectives and variables.
This document provides an overview of various research methodologies. It defines research and lists its key characteristics as systematic, logical, empirical, reductive, and replicable. It then describes different types of research including pure and applied research, exploratory research, descriptive research, diagnostic studies, evaluation studies, action research, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, surveys, and case studies. For each type of research, the document provides details on definitions, purposes, and examples. It also discusses research design, hypotheses, variables, and experimental versus non-experimental designs.
Research design and types of research design final pptPrahlada G
This document discusses research design. It defines research design as the conceptual framework for a research study that includes plans for data collection, measurement, and analysis. The main components of a research design are outlined, including the problem statement, literature review, objectives, methodology, and data analysis plan. Four common types of research designs are explored in more detail: exploratory, descriptive, experimental, and quasi-experimental. Key principles of experimental design like replication, randomization, and local control are also summarized.
The document discusses various aspects of research design. It defines research design and notes that it involves decisions about what, where, when, how much and by what means an inquiry will be conducted. It outlines requirements like identifying the type of research, being realistic and precise. Factors affecting research design are also discussed, like availability of data, time and resources. The main parts of research design are described as sampling design, observational design, statistical design and operational design. Different types of research designs are explained, including exploratory, descriptive, diagnostic and experimental designs. Key concepts in research design are also covered.
Research design involves conceptualizing how a study will be conducted to collect relevant information efficiently. It considers objectives, data collection methods, sampling, tools, and analysis. A good design minimizes bias and error while maximizing reliability. There are three main types: exploratory research to gain background knowledge, descriptive research which describes characteristics of groups or individuals, and hypothesis testing research which aims to understand cause-and-effect relationships by testing hypotheses.
This document discusses key concepts related to research paradigms. It begins by outlining the lesson objectives of understanding the three dominant research paradigms, distinguishing between positivism and interpretivism, and differentiating inductive and deductive reasoning. It then defines positivism as relying on strict scientific methods to obtain knowledge and interpretivism as valuing subjective meanings and contexts. The document contrasts features of the positivist versus interpretivist paradigms and discusses mixed methods approaches. It also defines deductive and inductive reasoning, as well as the concepts of research methods, methodology, and design.
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A pilot study as on experimental exploratory, test , preliminary , trial or try out investigation.
A trial study carried out before a research design is finalized to assist in defining the research questions or to test the feasibility, reliability and validity of proposed study design.
A small scale study conducted to test the plan and method of a research study.
The document defines a research hypothesis as a tentative prediction about the relationship between two or more variables. A hypothesis provides objectivity, direction, and clear goals for a research study. It stimulates the researcher's thinking and determines the appropriate research design and data analysis techniques. Hypotheses can come from theoretical frameworks, previous research, experiences, or literature. They may be simple or complex, associative or causal, directional or non-directional. Well-formulated hypotheses are conceptual, testable, specific, and help draw conclusions from a research study.
Similar to Inductive and Deductive Approach to Research. Difference between Inductive and Deductive Reasoning to Research with figure and Examples. (20)
An annuity is a financial product that pays out fixed, regular payments to an individual for income. There are two types of annuities: annuity immediate and annuity due. An annuity immediate makes payments at the end of each payment period, while an annuity due makes payments at the beginning of each period. The present and future value formulas for annuity immediate differ slightly from those of annuity due by a factor of 1+i, the interest rate.
Derivatives are the financial instruments whosevalue is derived from the underlying assets.
•
It is called derivatives as its value is derived fromother assets called underlying asset.
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It is a contract that derives its value from changes inthe price of the underlying asset.
Example1:
The value of a gold futures contract is derived fromthe value of the underlying asset i.e. Gold.
Relationship between Average Revenue (AR), Marginal Revenue (MR), and Elastic...Rohan Byanjankar
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The document discusses the origins and history of Nepal. It describes several myths about how Nepal was named. It then outlines the major historical periods and dynasties that ruled Nepal from ancient times through the modern era. The ancient periods included the Gopal, Mahispal, and Kirat dynasties. The medieval era saw rule by the Lichchhavi dynasty followed by the Malla dynasty during the "Golden Period." The modern period began with the Shah dynasty unifying the country and establishing the first Rana prime minister in 1846. Democracy was restored in 1990 after a decade-long civil war. Nepal became a republic in 2008 with the abolition of the monarchy.
This document provides an introduction to a report on online health services at HamroDoctor. It introduces the group members conducting the study and discusses the concept of online health facilities and methodology used. The study aims to review online health services in Nepal, the relevance of online health portals, the services they provide, and their contribution to health. Primary data was collected through interviews and an online survey, while secondary data supplemented the findings. Limitations include not having adequate primary data to cover all aspects of the report.
The document discusses a project report submitted by Rohan Byanjankar to Binod Ghimire on a research project conducted at Siddhi Memorial Foundation (SMF). It acknowledges those who assisted in the research and provides an abstract stating the report encompasses the introduction, objectives, management, and SWOT analysis of SMF. The report also details the history, objectives, and services provided by SMF which includes operating a hospital, research center, and home for senior citizens focused on improving health, education, and welfare of children, women and the elderly in the community.
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This document provides information about a research project conducted at HASERA, an organic farming center in Nepal. The project was conducted by a group of 6 students and submitted to their professor. It includes an introduction to HASERA, the research methodology, a literature review on concepts like sustainable agriculture and permaculture, and sections on HASERA's background, objectives, practices, and SWOT analysis. The report aims to provide insights into entrepreneurship development through organic farming and livestock management at HASERA.
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Introduction to Database is one of the major subjects in BBA, BSCSCIT, BIM and so on. Structured Query Language is the part of database. This presentation includes types of SQL that is DDL, and DML. DDL includes CREATE, ALTER, DELETE, and DROP, while DML includes SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT, and so on. The presentation is made easy for students with the codes, and use of the codes along with the hypothetical tables.
Concept of SQL JOINS, VIEWS, INDEX....
The presentation is for all the students for their easy understanding of Structured Query Language, and their use.
Microeconomics: Concept of Indifference Curve and Budget Line. Definition of ...Rohan Byanjankar
Concept of Indifference Curve and Budget Line.
Derivation of Budget line. Calculation of slope of budget line and its intercepts. Calculus Proof of budget Line and Indifference Curve. Relationship of Budget Line and Indifference Curve. Contains some of the alternative questions.
Slope of Budget Line, intercepts of budget line along with figure.
Concept of Marginal Rate of Substitution. Causes of Shift and Swing of Budget Line.
Difference between selling concept and marketing conceptRohan Byanjankar
Presentation of Marketing
Differences Between
Selling Concept and Marketing Concept
Selling Concept
If customers are left to themselves, they will not make the effort to buy a company’s product.
Mere sales oriented regardless of consumer want, need and value,
Primary agenda is to earn profit through larger sales volume.
Factory or Product is the initiative point of Selling Concept.
Selling of product through persuasion or different means of selling though the product have detrimental effect,
It focuses on short term as intensive focus on pushing product to the market and clearing the market as soon as possible.
Marketing Concept
Marketing concept is the management process of identifying the need of target customer , and delivering product,
Customer oriented and fosters on customer value,
Primary agenda is to earn profit through Customer Satisfaction
The loyalty of consumer is the ultimate source of profit (focus on creating hard-core loyal customer such as Apple Inc.)
Identification of need of Target market is the initial phase,
Creates wants satisfying goods and services which the consumers will want to buy.
What is offered for sale is determined not by the seller but by the buyers.
Product is the resultant of market research
Differences Between
Selling Concept
Process of selling starts with the creation of product, and pushing it to market through aggressive selling.
Marketing Concept
Process of marketing starts with the identification of customer need, creation of product based on market research, and delivering product in such as way that satisfies consumer need
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How to Configure Time Off Types in Odoo 17Celine George
Now we can take look into how to configure time off types in odoo 17 through this slide. Time-off types are used to grant or request different types of leave. Only then the authorities will have a clear view or a clear understanding of what kind of leave the employee is taking.
Beginner's Guide to Bypassing Falco Container Runtime Security in Kubernetes ...anjaliinfosec
This presentation, crafted for the Kubernetes Village at BSides Bangalore 2024, delves into the essentials of bypassing Falco, a leading container runtime security solution in Kubernetes. Tailored for beginners, it covers fundamental concepts, practical techniques, and real-world examples to help you understand and navigate Falco's security mechanisms effectively. Ideal for developers, security professionals, and tech enthusiasts eager to enhance their expertise in Kubernetes security and container runtime defenses.
Understanding and Interpreting Teachers’ TPACK for Teaching Multimodalities i...Neny Isharyanti
Presented as a plenary session in iTELL 2024 in Salatiga on 4 July 2024.
The plenary focuses on understanding and intepreting relevant TPACK competence for teachers to be adept in teaching multimodality in the digital age. It juxtaposes the results of research on multimodality with its contextual implementation in the teaching of English subject in the Indonesian Emancipated Curriculum.
The Value of Time ~ A Story to Ponder On (Eng. & Chi.).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint presentation on the importance of time management based on a meaningful story to ponder on. The texts are in English and Chinese.
For the Video (texts in English and Chinese) with audio narration and explanation in English, please check out the Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUtjLnxEBKo
How to Add Colour Kanban Records in Odoo 17 NotebookCeline George
In Odoo 17, you can enhance the visual appearance of your Kanban view by adding color-coded records using the Notebook feature. This allows you to categorize and distinguish between different types of records based on specific criteria. By adding colors, you can quickly identify and prioritize tasks or items, improving organization and efficiency within your workflow.
No, it's not a robot: prompt writing for investigative journalismPaul Bradshaw
How to use generative AI tools like ChatGPT and Gemini to generate story ideas for investigations, identify potential sources, and help with coding and writing.
A talk from the Centre for Investigative Journalism Summer School, July 2024
Join educators from the US and worldwide at this year’s conference, themed “Strategies for Proficiency & Acquisition,” to learn from top experts in world language teaching.
The membership Module in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
Some business organizations give membership to their customers to ensure the long term relationship with those customers. If the customer is a member of the business then they get special offers and other benefits. The membership module in odoo 17 is helpful to manage everything related to the membership of multiple customers.
Slide Presentation from a Doctoral Virtual Open House presented on June 30, 2024 by staff and faculty of Capitol Technology University
Covers degrees offered, program details, tuition, financial aid and the application process.
The Jewish Trinity : Sabbath,Shekinah and Sanctuary 4.pdfJackieSparrow3
we may assume that God created the cosmos to be his great temple, in which he rested after his creative work. Nevertheless, his special revelatory presence did not fill the entire earth yet, since it was his intention that his human vice-regent, whom he installed in the garden sanctuary, would extend worldwide the boundaries of that sanctuary and of God’s presence. Adam, of course, disobeyed this mandate, so that humanity no longer enjoyed God’s presence in the little localized garden. Consequently, the entire earth became infected with sin and idolatry in a way it had not been previously before the fall, while yet in its still imperfect newly created state. Therefore, the various expressions about God being unable to inhabit earthly structures are best understood, at least in part, by realizing that the old order and sanctuary have been tainted with sin and must be cleansed and recreated before God’s Shekinah presence, formerly limited to heaven and the holy of holies, can dwell universally throughout creation
Front Desk Management in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
Front desk officers are responsible for taking care of guests and customers. Their work mainly involves interacting with customers and business partners, either in person or through phone calls.
How to Install Theme in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
With Odoo, we can select from a wide selection of attractive themes. Many excellent ones are free to use, while some require payment. Putting an Odoo theme in the Odoo module directory on our server, downloading the theme, and then installing it is a simple process.
2. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive theory is an approach to research that
starts with the observation and the end result of
the research is THEORY.
Deductive theory is an approach to research
that starts with the proposition of hypothesis
and the end result of the research is
Confirmation/rejection.
3. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach to research does not have
any place for hypothesis. So, researcher is free
to alter direction of the study.
Deductive approach to research starts with the
hypothesis itself. Researcher is bound not to
alter direction of the study.
4. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach is less structured as there
is no guiding factor.
Deductive approach is highly structured
because there is some specific aim to be
accomplished.
5. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach is appropriate for small
sample project because small numbers of
sample are analyzed with greater gravity.
Deductive approach is appropriate for large
sample project because large numbers of
samples are analyzed with less depth.
6. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
More scrutinized information about the
subject matter.
Less scrutiny in getting information regarding
subject matter.
7. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach assumes that there is
abundance of time; so depth analysis is
possible.
Deductive approach assumes that there is
shortage of time; so depth analysis of large
number of sample is unattainable.
8. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach is concerned with
building a new theory.
Deductive approach is concerned with testing
an existing theory.
9. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Inductive approach to research is bottom-up
approach
Observation Pattern Theory
General to Particular
10. Bases of
Difference
Meaning
Hypothesis
Structure
Size of Sample
Scrutiny
Time Factor
Theory
Approach
Difference Between Inductive and
Deductive Approach to Research
Deductive approach to research is top-down
approach.
Theory Hypothesis
Confirm/Reject
Observation
Particular to General