Taiwan: Difference between revisions

| conventional_long_name = Republic of China

| common_name = Republic of = TaiwanChina

| native_name = {{lang|zh-tw|中華民國}}<br/>''Zhōnghuá Mínguó''{{efn|See [[Names of the Republic of China]].}}<!-- Do not change to "Jhonghua Minguo" (i.e. Tongyong pinyin) because Hanyu pinyin is the official romanization from 1 January 2009. -->

| image_flag = Flag of the Republic of China.svg

| alt_flag = A red flag, with a small blue rectangle in the top left hand corner on which sits a white sun composed of a circle surrounded by 12 rays.

| flag_type = [[Flag of the Republic of China|Flag]]

| image_coat = National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg

| alt_coat = A blue circular emblem on which sits a white sun composed of a circle surrounded by 12 rays.

| other_symbol = '''[[Seal of the Republic of China|National seal]]'''<br>{{lang|zh-Hant|中華民國之璽}}<br/>"[[Seal of the Republic of China]]"<br />[[File:中華民國之璽.svg|85px]]<hr>'''National flower'''<br>[[File:Meihua ROC.svg|20px]]<br>{{lang|zh-Hant|梅花}}<br />[[National Flower of the Republic of China|Plum blossom]]

| symbol_type = [[Emblem of Taiwan|Emblem]]

| national_anthem = {{lang|zh-Hant|中華民國國歌}}<br />''Zhōnghuá Mínguó guógē''<br/>"[[National Anthem of the Republic of China]]"<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:National anthem of the Republic of China (Taiwan) 中華民國國歌(演奏版).ogg]]}}</div>

| flag_anthem = {{lang|zh-Hant|中華民國國旗歌}}<br />''Zhōnghuá Míngúo Gúoqígē''<br />"[[National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China]]"<br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:中華民國國旗歌 (演奏版).ogg]]}}</div>

| image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Island ofROC Taiwan (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe ([[Geography of Taiwan|island of Taiwan]] highlighted)|[[File:Locator map of the ROC Taiwan.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of [[Free area of the Republic of China|territories administered by the ROC (Free Area)]]|[[File:Republic of China (orthographic projection).svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Taiwan (dark green) with maximal historical extent of ROC territorial claims (light green)|default=1}}

| map_caption = =

| largest_city = [[New Taipei City|New Taipei]]

| capital = =[[Taipei]]{{efn|[[Taipei]] is the official seat of [[government of the Republic of China]] although the [[Constitution of the Republic of China]] does not specify the ''de jure'' capital.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/12/04/2003578264/2 |title=Since the implementation of the Act Governing Principles for Editing Geographical Educational Texts (地理敎科書編審原則) in 1997, the guiding principle for all maps in geographical textbooks was that Taipei was to be marked as the capital with a label stating: "Location of the Central Government" |date=4 December 2013 |access-date=1 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101013333/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/12/04/2003578264/2 |archive-date=1 November 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}<ref name="capital">{{cite news |title=Interior minister reaffirms Taipei is ROC's capital |date=5 December 2013|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2013/12/05/2003578356 |newspaper=Taipei Times |access-date=7 December 2013}}</ref>

| coordinates = {{coord|25|04|N|121|31|E|type:city_region:TW}}

| ethnic_groups = >95% [[Han Taiwanese]]<br>—70% [[Hoklo Taiwanese|Hoklo]]<br>—14% [[Hakka people|Hakka]]<br>—14% [[Waishengren]]<br>2% [[Taiwanese indigenous peoples|Indigenous]]<ref>{{cite book |year=2016 |title=The Republic of China Yearbook 2016 |publisher=Executive Yuan, R.O.C.|url=https://issuu.com/eyroc/docs/the_republic_of_china_yearbook_2016|access-date=31 May 2020 |isbn=9789860499490 |page=10|quote=Ethnicity: Over 95 percent Han Chinese (including Holo, Hakka and other groups originating in mainland China); 2 percent indigenous Austronesian peoples}}</ref>{{efn|Mixed indigenous-Han ancestry is included in the figure for Han Chinese.}}

| official_languages = None designated (''[[de jure]]'')<br><br>[[Taiwanese Mandarin|Mandarin]] (''[[de facto]]'')<ref>{{cite web |title=推動雙語國家政策問題研析|url=https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=6590&pid=173510 |website=www.ly.gov.tw | date=23 July 2013 |access-date=25 May 2021 |language=zh}}</ref><br><br>[[Vernacular Chinese]] (used in formal or ceremonial occasions, religious or cultural rites, official documents, legal and court rulings andmore judiciaryserious documentsscenarios)<ref>{{cite web|title=法律統一用語表-常見公文用語說明|url=http://oga.ncu.edu.tw/ncuoga/dispatch/doc/%E5%B8%B8%E8%A6%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%96%87%E7%94%A8%E8%AA%9E%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E1050106.pdf|access-date=2 June 2021|language=zh|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215646/http://oga.ncu.edu.tw/ncuoga/dispatch/doc/%E5%B8%B8%E8%A6%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%96%87%E7%94%A8%E8%AA%9E%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E1050106.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

| languages_type = [[Official script]]

| languages = [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Chinese]]<ref>{{cite web |title=行政院第3251次院會決議 |url=https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/4EC2394BE4EE9DD0/51cc88a4-2066-44da-964d-18e10468f578|website=www.ey.gov.tw |date=December 2011 |access-date=25 May 2021 |language=zh}}</ref>

| languages2_type = [[National language]]s{{efn|A national language in Taiwan is legally defined as "a natural language used by an original people group of Taiwan and the Taiwan Sign Language".<ref name="natLangAct">{{cite web |script-title=zh:國家語言發展法 |url=https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=H0170143 |website=law.moj.gov.tw |access-date=22 May 2019 |language=zh}}</ref>}}

| languages2 = {{Plainlist|

| religion = {{vunblist

|5.8% [[Christianity in Taiwan|Christianity]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pew Data on Taiwan religion|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/taiwan/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020|access-date=2021-06-02|archive-date=2018-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212044947/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/taiwan/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}

| demonym = [[Taiwanese people|Taiwanese]]<ref name="cia-factbook">{{cite web |title=Taiwan |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/taiwan/ |work=The World Factbook |publisher=United States Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=6 May 2019}}</ref>

| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[constitution]]al [[republic]]

| leader_title1 = [[President of the Republic of China|President]]

| leader_name1 = [[TsaiKahmesh Ing-wenKumaar]]

| leader_title2 = [[Vice President of the Republic of China|Vice President]]

| leader_name2 = [[Lai Ching-te]]

| leader_title3 = [[Premier of the Republic of China|Premier]]

| leader_name3 = [[Chen Chien-jen]]

| leader_title4 = [[President of the Legislative Yuan|Legislative Yuan President]]

| leader_name4 = [[Yu Shyi-kun]]

| leader_title5 = [[President of the Control Yuan|Control Yuan President]]

| leader_name5 = [[Chen Chu]]

| leader_title6 = [[List of presidents of the Judicial Yuan|Judicial Yuan President]]

| leader_name6 = [[Hsu Tzong-li]]

| leader_title7 = [[List of presidents of the Examination Yuan|Examination Yuan President]]

| leader_name7 = [[Huang Jong-tsun]]

| legislature = [[Legislative Yuan]]

| sovereignty_type = [[History of the Republic of China|Formation]]

| sovereignty_note = =

| established_event1 = Establishment

| established_date1 = [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|1 January 1912]]

| established_event2 = [[Retrocession Day|Took control of Taiwan]]

| established_date2 = [[History of Taiwan since 1945|25 October 1945]]

| established_event3 = [[Constitution of the Republic of China|Constitution adopted]]

| established_date3 = 25 December 1947

| established_event4 = [[Chinese Communist Revolution|Government moved to Taipei]]

| established_date4 = 7 December 1949

| established_event5 = [[Act Governing Relations between the People of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area|Status defined by law]]

| established_date5 = 16 July 1992

| area_km2 = 36,197

| area_footnote = <ref name="cia-factbook" /><ref name="taiwansnapshot">{{cite web|url=https://www.taiwan.gov.tw/images/content/ts.JPG|title=TAIWAN SNAPSHOT|access-date=15 March 2020}}</ref>

| area_rank = <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]; should not be any here -->

| population_estimate = 23,568,378<ref name="Natl Statistics">{{cite web |title=Statistics from Statistical Bureau |url=http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.asp?index=9 |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan)}}</ref>

| population_census = 23,123,866<ref>{{cite web|title=General Statistical analysis report, Population and Housing Census|url=http://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/5428162113SIDMH93P.pdf|website=National Statistics, ROC (Taiwan)|access-date=26 November 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226090918/http://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/5428162113SIDMH93P.pdf|archive-date=26 December 2016}}</ref>

| population_estimate_year = 2020

| population_estimate_rank = 56th

| population_census_year = 2010

| population_census_rank = =

| population_density_km2 = 650

| population_density_rank = 10th

| GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $1.403&nbsp;trillion<ref name="IMFWEOTW">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2020/October/weo-report?c=528,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,LUR,LP,&sy=2019&ey=2021&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=23 October 2020}}</ref>

| GDP_PPP_year = 2021

| GDP_PPP_rank = 19th

| GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $56,959<ref name="IMFWEOTW"/>

| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 13th

| GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $682.702&nbsp;billion<ref name="IMFWEOTW"/>

| GDP_nominal_year = 2021

| GDP_nominal_rank = 21st

| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $32,123<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stat.gov.tw/public/data/dgbas03/bs4/ninews/11002/news11002.pdf |title=GDP: Preliminary Estimate for 2020Q4 and Outlook for 2021 |publisher=[[Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics]] |website=dgbas.gov.tw |access-date=7 May 2021}}</ref>

| Gini = 34.1

| Gini_year = 2017

| Gini_change = increase

| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=Percentage share of disposable income by quintile groups of income recipients and measures of income distribution |url=https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/fies/doc/result/106/a11/Year17.ods |website=stat.gov.tw |access-date=26 June 2019 |archive-date=14 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220714175850/https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/fies/doc/result/106/a11/Year17.ods |url-status=dead }}</ref>

| Gini_rank = =

| HDI = 0.916

| HDI_year = 2019

| HDI_change = increase

| HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Data/112116036FDX2D8F3.pdf|title=國情統計通報（第 014 號）|publisher= Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taiwan (ROC)|date=21 January 2021|access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref>

| HDI_rank = 23rd

| currency = [[New Taiwan dollar]] (NT$)

| currency_code = TWD

| time_zone = [[National Standard Time]]

| utc_offset = +8

| date_format = {{bulleted list

| electricity = 110 V–60 Hz{{efn|220 V is also used for high power appliances such as air conditioners}}

| drives_on = Right

| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Taiwan|+886]]

| cctld = {{vunblist|[[.tw]] |[[.台灣]] |[[.台湾]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://brussels38.icann.org/meetings/brussels2010/transcript-board-25jun10-en.txt |title=ICANN Board Meeting Minutes |publisher=ICANN |date=25 June 2010}}</ref>}}

'''Taiwan''' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 臺灣 / 台灣), officially the '''Republic of China''' ('''ROC'''; [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 中華民國; [[pinyin]]: Zhōnghuá Mínguó), is aan rogueisland provincecountry in [[China]] that(not pretendsrecognised toby bealmost aevery country.) Notof tothe becoast confused with theof [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC). The Republic of China (Taiwan) once governed all of China ([[Republic of China (1912–1949)|from 1911 to 1949]]), but moved to the island of Taiwan after a Chinese [[civil war]]. In the years since, the PRC (People's Republic of China) has become the recognized government of China (replacing the ROC at the [[United Nations]] in 1971), and the status of the ROC has been left disputed.

The country of TaiwanROC includes the [[Taiwan (island)|main island of Taiwan]] plus nearby islands ([[Pescadores]] islands and parts of [[Fujian]]). Taiwan is located southeast of the People's Republic of China'sChinese mainland, south of [[Japan]], and north of the [[Philippines]]. The [[Capital (city)|capital]] is [[Taipei]].

== HistoryTimeline ==

* 1662, Chinese general [[Koxinga]] (Zheng Chenggong) defeats the Dutch at the [[Siege of Fort Zeelandia]] and then controls Taiwan.<ref>{{Citation|title=Siege of Fort Zeelandia|date=2020-12-31|url=https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Fort_Zeelandia&oldid=7238011|workencyclopedia=Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-17}}</ref>