ਫਰਮਾ:Infobox person

Infobox person

Template documentation[ਦੇਖੋ] [ਸੋਧੋ] [ਅਤੀਤ] [ਤਾਜ਼ਾ ਕਰੋ]

an infobox for fictional characters ਲਈ, ਦੇਖੋ Template:Infobox character।

{{Infobox person}} may be used to summarize information about a particular person, usually at the top of an article.

Redirects and calls

At least 7 other templates call this one and many templates redirect here.

Modules

The following templates are suitable for use as a "module" in this one:

• Templates in Category:Biographical templates usable as a module
• {{Listen}}
• {{Infobox Chinese}}

Usage

The infobox may be added by pasting the template as shown below into an article and then filling in the desired fields. Any parameters left blank or omitted will not be displayed.

Blank template with basic parameters

name
caption
ਜਨਮ	birth_name birth_date birth_place
ਮੌਤ	death_date death_place
ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀਅਤਾ	nationality
ਹੋਰ ਨਾਮ	other_names
ਪੇਸ਼ਾ	occupation
ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੇ ਸਾਲ	years_active
ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ	known_for
ਜ਼ਿਕਰਯੋਗ ਕੰਮ	notable_works

{{Infobox person
| name          = <!-- defaults to article title when left blank -->
| image         = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| alt           = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption       = 
| birth_name    = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date    = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. -->
| birth_place   = 
| death_date    = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->
| death_place   = 
| nationality   = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| other_names   = 
| occupation    = 
| years_active  = 
| known_for     = 
| notable_works = 
}}

Blank template with all parameters

Only the most pertinent information should be included. Please remove unused parameters, and refrain from inserting dubious trivia in an attempt to fill all parameters.

honorific_prefix name honorific_suffix
native_name
caption
ਉਚਾਰਨ	pronunciation
ਜਨਮ	birth_name birth_date birth_place
ਗਾਇਬ	disappeared_date disappeared_place
ਸਥਿਤੀ	disappeared_status
ਮੌਤ	death_date death_place
ਮੌਤ ਦਾ ਕਾਰਨ	death_cause
ਲਾਸ਼ ਮਿਲੀ	body_discovered
ਕਬਰ	resting_place resting_place_coordinates
ਸਮਾਰਕ	monuments
ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀਅਤਾ	nationality
ਹੋਰ ਨਾਮ	other_names
Siglum	siglum
ਨਾਗਰਿਕਤਾ	citizenship
ਸਿੱਖਿਆ	education
ਅਲਮਾ ਮਾਤਰ	alma_mater
ਪੇਸ਼ਾ	occupation
ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੇ ਸਾਲ	years_active
ਯੁੱਗ	era
ਮਾਲਕ	employer
ਸੰਗਠਨ	organization
ਏਜੰਟ	agent
ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ	known_for
ਜ਼ਿਕਰਯੋਗ ਕੰਮ	notable_works
ਢੰਗ	style
ਕੱਦ	height
ਟੈਲੀਵਿਜ਼ਨ	television
ਖਿਤਾਬ	title
ਮਿਆਦ	term
ਪੂਰਵਜ	predecessor
ਵਾਰਿਸ	successor
ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ ਦਲ	party
ਹੋਰ ਰਾਜਨੀਤਕ ਸੰਬੰਧ	otherparty
ਲਹਿਰ	movement
ਵਿਰੋਧੀ	opponents
ਬੋਰਡ ਮੈਂਬਰ	boards
ਅਪਰਾਧਿਕ ਦੋਸ਼	criminal_charges
ਅਪਰਾਧਿਕ ਸਜ਼ਾ	criminal_penalty
ਅਪਰਾਧਿਕ ਸਥਿਤੀ	criminal_status
ਜੀਵਨ ਸਾਥੀ	spouse
ਸਾਥੀ	partner
ਬੱਚੇ	children
ਮਾਤਾ-ਪਿਤਾ	parents
ਰਿਸ਼ਤੇਦਾਰ	relatives
ਪਰਿਵਾਰ	family
Call sign	callsign
ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ	awards
module
module2
module3
module4
module5
module6
ਵੈੱਬਸਾਈਟ	website
ਦਸਤਖ਼ਤ
signature.jpg
ਨੋਟ
footnotes

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = 
| name               = <!-- defaults to article title when left blank -->
| honorific_suffix   = 
| image              = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| image_upright      = 
| landscape          = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->
| alt                = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption            = 
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = 
| pronunciation      = 
| birth_name         = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date         = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. -->
| birth_place        = 
| baptised           = <!-- will not display if birth_date is entered -->
| disappeared_date   = <!-- {{Disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (disappeared date then birth date) -->
| disappeared_place  = 
| disappeared_status = 
| death_date         = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (enter DEATH date then BIRTH date (e.g., ...|1967|8|31|1908|2|28}} use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) -->
| death_place        = 
| death_cause        = <!-- should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability -->
| body_discovered    = 
| resting_place      = 
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
| burial_place       = <!-- may be used instead of resting_place and resting_place_coordinates (displays "Burial place" as label) -->
| burial_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->
| monuments          = 
| nationality        = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| other_names        = 
| siglum             = 
| citizenship        = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = 
| years_active       = 
| era                = 
| employer           = 
| organization       = 
| agent              = <!-- discouraged in most cases, specifically when promotional, and requiring a reliable source -->
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works"; or by |label_name=, which produces label "Label(s)" -->
| style              = 
| height             = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| television         = 
| title              = <!-- formal/awarded/job title. The parameter |office=may be used as an alternative when the label is better rendered as "Office" (e.g. public office or appointments) -->
| term               = 
| predecessor        = 
| successor          = 
| party              = 
| otherparty         =
| movement           = 
| opponents          = 
| boards             = 
| criminal_charges   = <!-- criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources -->
| criminal_penalty   = 
| criminal_status    = 
| spouse             = <!-- use article title or common name -->
| partner            = <!-- (unmarried long-term partner) -->
| children           = 
| parents            = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters -->
| mother             = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father             = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| relatives          = 
| family             = 
| callsign           = <!-- amateur radio, use if relevant -->
| awards             = 
| website            = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| module             = 
| module2            = 
| module3            = 
| module4            = 
| module5            = 
| module6            = 
| signature          = 
| signature_size     = 
| signature_alt      = 
| footnotes          = 
}}

Parameters

Do not use all these parameters for any one person. The list is long to cover a wide range of people. Only use those parameters that convey essential or notable information about the subject, and ensure that this information is sourced in the article or (if present only in the infobox) in the infobox itself

Any parameters left blank or omitted will not be displayed. Many parameters have alternative names, implemented for compatibility with other templates (especially to aid merging). The preferred names are shown in the table below.

Parameter	Explanation
honorific_prefix	To appear on the line above the person's name. This is for things like |honorific_prefix=Sir – honorifics of serious significance that are attached to the name in formal address, such as knighthoods and titles of nobility; do not use it for routine things like "Dr." or "Ms."
name	Common name of person (defaults to article name if left blank; provide |birth_name= (below) if different from |name=). If middle initials are specified (or implied) by the lead of the article, and are not specified separately in the |birth_name= parameter, include them here. Do not put honorifics or alternative names in this parameter. There are separate parameters for these things, covered below.
honorific_suffix	To appear on the line below the person's name. This is for things like |honorific_suffix=OBE – honorifics of serious significance that are attached to the name in formal address, such as national orders and non-honorary doctorates; do not use it for routine things like "BA". It is permissible but not required to use the {{post-nominals}} template inside this parameter; doing so requires {{post-nominals|size=100%|...}}.
image	Image name: abc.jpg, xpz.png, 123.gif, etc., without the File: or Image: prefix. If an image is desired but not available, one may add yes to the |needs-photo= parameter of the {{WikiProject Biography}} template on the talk page. If no image is available yet, do not use an image placeholder. See #Image for further guidelines.
image_upright	Scales the image thumbnail from its default size by the given factor. Values less than 1 scale the image down (0.9 = 90%) and values greater than 1 scale the image up (1.15 = 115%).
landscape	Set to yes when using wide, short images. The image height (rather than width) will be limited to 200 pixels.
alt	Descriptive alt text for the image, for visually impaired readers. One word (such as photograph) is rarely sufficient. Do not copy-paste the value of |caption= (below) into this parameter. Example of the difference: "Willie Nelson at a concert in Dallas, 1989" is good as |caption= value; "Nelson in western-wear with an acoustic guitar, on stage in a daytime show with band in background" is an |alt= description. If nothing meaningful can be said that isn't already in the caption, use the stock text |alt=refer to caption.
caption	Caption for image, if needed. Try to include the date of photo, some context (check the File: or Commons page for the image). Image credit should generally not be included per MOS:CREDITS.
native_name	The person's name in their own language, if different.
native_name_lang	ISO 639-1 code, e.g., "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} around each name in |native_name= instead.
pronunciation	Details of how to pronounce the individual's native name.
birth_name	Name at birth; only use if different from |name=.
birth_date	Date of birth: Use {{birth date and age}} (if living) or {{birth date}} (if dead). If only a year of birth is known, or age as of a certain date, consider using {{birth year and age}} or {{birth based on age as of date}}. For living people supply only the year unless the exact date is already widely published. Treat such cases as if only the year is known, so use {{birth year and age}} or a similar option. The templates mentioned in this paragraph emit metadata indicating the date is in the Gregorian calendar; if the date is in the Julian calendar, do not use these templates, just write the date.
birth_place	Place of birth: city, administrative region, country. Use the name of the birthplace at the time of birth, e.g.: Saigon (prior to 1976) or Ho Chi Minh City (post-1976). Do not use a flag template, coat of arms, or other icon. Omit unnecessary or redundant details. For example, it is not necessary to state: New York City, New York, United States when New York City, U.S. conveys essentially the same information more concisely. Countries should generally not be linked. For modern subjects, the country should generally be a sovereign state; for United Kingdom locations, the constituent countries of the UK are sometimes used instead, when more appropriate in the context. For historical subjects, use the place name most appropriate for the context and our readership. What the place may correspond to on a modern map is a matter for an article's main text. For subsequent places (of death, etc.) it is not necessary to repeat jurisdictional details or links for the same place name.
baptised	Date of baptism: Only for use when birth date is not known (e.g., for Ludwig van Beethoven). Will not display if a birth date is entered. Do not use subtemplates. Parameter baptized can be used for articles that use American English spelling.
disappeared_date	(For missing people) Date of disappearance: Use {{disappeared date and age}} (if birth date is known) or {{disappeared date}} (if birth date unknown).
disappeared_place	(For missing people) Place of disappearance: city, administrative region, country.  (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, redundancy, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
disappeared_status	(For missing people) Current status for the person, e.g., if the person is still regarded as missing (using {{missing for}} to calculate the time since disappearance), or if the person has been declared dead in absentia, with a date for such a ruling.
death_date	Date of death: Use {{death date and age}} (if birth date is known) or {{death date}} (if birth date unknown). If exact dates are unknown, consider using {{death year and age}}. The templates mentioned in this paragraph emit metadata indicating the date is in the Gregorian calendar; if the date is in the Julian calendar, do not use these templates, just write the date.
death_place	Place of death: city, administrative region, country.  (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, redundancy, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
death_cause	Cause of death. Should be clearly defined and sourced, and should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability, e.g. James Dean, John Lennon. It should not be filled in for unremarkable deaths such as those from old age or routine illness, e.g. Bruce Forsyth, Eduard Khil.
body_discovered	Place where the body was discovered (if different from place of death). city, administrative region, country.  (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, redundancy, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
burial_place	Place of burial city, administrative region, country.  (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, redundancy, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc. .)
burial_coordinates	Coordinates for place of burial, to accompany |burial_place=. Use {{coord}} template.
resting_place	Location of columbarium, ash-scattering, etc. If no location, leave blank. city, administrative region, country.  (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, redundancy, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
resting_place_coordinates	Coordinates for location of columbarium, ash-scattering etc. Use {{coord}} template.
monuments	Significant monuments erected, buildings named, etc., in honour of the subject. If many, link to an appropriate section of the article instead.
nationality	May be used instead of |citizenship= (below) or vice versa in cases where any confusion could result. Should only be used with |citizenship= when they differ per WP:INFONAT. Do not put religion or ethnicity in this field. (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
other_names	Other notable names for the person, if different from |name= and |birth_name=. This can include stage names, maiden/married names, nicknames, criminal aliases, etc.
siglum	Siglum or monogram, a text shortcut (often formed from the initials of the name, with variations) used to sign work, if relevant.
citizenship	Country of legal citizenship, if different from nationality. Rarely needed. See usage notes for |nationality=, above. Should only be used if citizenship differs from the value in |nationality= and cannot be inferred from the birthplace. Note that many countries do not automatically grant citizenship to people born within their borders. Do not put religion or ethnicity in this field. (, including: no flag templates, inappropriate linking, anachronisms, "country" definitions, etc.)
education	Education, e.g., degree, institution and graduation year, if relevant. If very little information is available or relevant, the |alma_mater= parameter may be more appropriate.
alma_mater	Alma mater. This parameter is a more concise alternative to (not addition to) |education=, and will often consist of the linked name of the last-attended institution of higher education (not secondary schools). It is usually not relevant to include either parameter for non-graduates, but article talk page consensus may conclude otherwise, as perhaps at Bill Gates.
occupation	Occupation(s) as given in the lead. Use list markup for three or more entries, e.g. with {{flatlist}}. Please observe sentence case and capitalise only the first letter of the first item; e.g.: Musician singer-songwriter actor
years_active	Date range in years during which the subject was active in their principal occupation(s) and/or other activity for which they are notable. Use the format 1950–2000, or 1970–present if still active. Date ranges always use an en dash, not hyphen. If no dates of birth and/or death are known for the subject, only a floruit date range, as is common with ancient subjects, this parameter can be used for it. If approximate (circa) dates are known for either or both, put them in the |birth_date= and |death_date= parameters. Helpful templates: {{floruit}}, {{circa}}.
era	Era (e.g., Medieval) in which the person lived; less specific than |years_active=. Should not be used if dates are available.
employer	Employer(s), if relevant.
organization or organisation	Non-employing organization(s), if relevant.
agent	The subject's agent (individual and/or agency), discouraged in most cases, specifically when promotional, and requiring a reliable source.
known_for	A brief description of why the person is notable.
notable_works;   alternatives: credits label_name works	Title(s) of notable work(s) (publications, compositions, sculptures, films, etc.) by the subject, if any. Produces the label Notable work. May be overridden by |credits=, which produces Notable credit(s); or by |works=, which produces Works; or by |label_name=, which produces Label(s). The |notable_works=, |credits=, and |label_name= parameters are intended to be (at most) short inline lists. The |label_name= variant is used for one or more record labels with which a performer is associated, or a fashion label in which a designer has been heavily involved or for which they are well known. Remember that this parameter is an alternative to the others mentioned here and is not used along with them. The |works= variant is intended to link to a specific list article for a larger body of work (not all of which may be individually notable).
style	The style of the subject's works, if applicable.
height	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant. If used, this should also include the year of the measurement if the person had not reached full adulthood when this stat was published.
television	Television programmes presented by or closely associated with the subject. For multiple entries, use an inline list.
title	Multiple uses: Formal title, such as First Lady of Japan for Akie Abe. Awarded title, such as Mr. Olympia for Arnold Schwarzenegger. Job title, such as President of Calvin College for Anthony Diekema. A combination of the above, such as Professor of Mathematics and Fellow of the Royal Society for Bill Parry For multiple entries, use an inline list. Use the |awards= parameter, below, for awarded honors that are not really titles. A single award should not use both parameters.
office	May be used as an alternative to |title= when the label is better displayed as Office (e.g. public office or appointments). Using this parameter will override |title=.
term	Years the person held the |title= or |office= listed above. Helpful template: {{reign}} (also used for civil offices).
predecessor	Person who previously held the |title= or |office= listed above.
successor	Person who subsequently held the |title= or |office= listed above.
party	If relevant. Field labelled Political party.
otherparty	If relevant. Field labelled Other political affiliations.
movement	If relevant. Can be social, political (non-party), artistic, philosophical, literary, cultural, etc.
opponents	Notable relevant opponents (e.g., for major political office).
boards	For board of directors membership(s), if relevant. Field labeled Board member of.
criminal_charges criminal_penalty criminal_status	For convicted criminals only. Please be certain to support these parameters with citations from reliable sources, in the article body.
spouse	Name of spouse(s), followed by years of marriage. Use the format Name (married 1950–present) for a current spouse, and Name (married 1970–99) for former spouse(s). Use article title (if linking) or common name. For multiple entries, use an inline list. For deceased persons still married at time of death, do not include the end year.
partner	If particularly relevant, or if the partner is notable; "partner" here means unmarried life partners in a domestic partnership (of any gender or sexual orientation), not business partner. Use the format Name (1950–present) for current partner and Name (1970–1999) for former partner(s).
children	Typically the number of children (e.g., 3); only list names of independently notable or particularly relevant children. Names may be preceded by a number to show total children and avoid implying that named children are the only offspring. For multiple entries, use an inline list. For privacy reasons, consider omitting the names of living children, unless notable.
parents	Names of parents; include only if they are independently notable or particularly relevant. For multiple entries, use an inline list. If subject has only one notable mother and/or only one notable father, |mother= and |father= parameters may be used instead. These parameters may be used for biological, adoptive, foster, or step-parents.
mother	Name of mother; include only if subject has one mother who is independently notable or particularly relevant. Displays Parent(s) as label, and is overridden by the |parents= parameter.
father	Name of father; include only if subject has one father who is independently notable or particularly relevant. Displays Parent(s) as label, and is overridden by the |parents= parameter.
relatives	Names of siblings or other relatives; include only if independently notable and particularly relevant. Include the relationship in parentheses after the name (sister, uncle, etc.). For multiple entries, use an inline list.
callsign	Amateur radio call sign, if relevant.
awards	Notable awards. If many, link to an appropriate section of the article instead. Use |title= parameter, above, for awarded titles; A single award should not use both parameters.
website	Official website only. Unofficial websites should be placed under ==External links== in the body of the article. Use {{URL}} as in {{URL|Example.com}}. Do not display the www. part unless the site requires it.
module module2 module3 module4 module5 module6	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one. Example: {{Infobox person | name = Paul McCartney ... | module = {{Infobox musical artist | embed = yes | instrument = piano ... }} <!-- end of Infobox musical artist --> ... }} <!-- end of Infobox person -->
signature	An image of the person's signature. Please use image name: abc.jpg, xpz.png, 123.gif, etc., without the File: or Image: prefix
signature_size	Default is 150px. If necessary, a signature can be resized manually as per the |image_size= parameter.
signature_alt	Alt text for the signature image. For example, for File:Thomas Jefferson Signature.svg, the alt text might be |signature_alt= Th: Jefferson, spelling out the signature exactly as it appears in the image.
footnotes	Textual notes about any of the infobox data. This is not for reference citations. If an infobox parameter's value needs a citation, cite inline at the end of the value. Citations will appear in the article's references section along with the other citations in the article.
image_size	Deprecated. Size to display image: 200px (set width), x300px (set height), or 200x300px (max width & max height). If empty or omitted, this defaults to frameless (default is 220px, but logged-in users can change this by clicking on "my preferences" and adjusting thumbnail size). Use of this parameter is discouraged. Use image_upright instead. Do not use "×" or capital "X"

Additional parameter usage explanation

Image

The image in the infobox should be representative of the person who is the subject of the article. For some historical figures, particularly those born in the 18th century or before, this image is often a painting or other artistic depiction of the individual (see George Washington). Persons born in the 20th century onward, such as Barack Obama, are most often represented by a photograph of the individual.

When the subject of a biographical article has recently died, particularly those who have been publicly known for decades, editors may come to a consensus on the article's talk page regarding what image would best be suited for the infobox. An example of such a discussion can be found in the talk page archives for Elizabeth II (section Infobox photograph for after her death); in this instance, the 2015 photograph of Elizabeth II that was present in the article's infobox when discussions began was eventually replaced with a photograph of her taken in 1958.

Inline lists

ਮੁੱਖ ਸਫ਼ੇ: WP:Manual of Style/Lists § Horizontal lists, ਅਤੇ WP:Manual of Style/Lists § Unbulleted lists

Parameters with multiple values should be formatted with inline-list templates.

Horizontal ones include {{hlist}} or {{flatlist}}. In horizontal style, only the first item is capitalized (aside from proper names). This style is best for short items, and few of them. Mid-dots, commas or semicolons are available as separators (use semicolons or mid-dots if any items contain their own commas). For example:

• |parameter_name={{hlist |Foo|bar|baz}} →
  • Foo
  • bar
  • baz
• |parameter_name={{cslist |Foo|bar|baz}} →
  • Foo
  • bar
  • baz
• |parameter_name={{cslist |Foo, fee|bar, bor|baz, biz}} →
  • Foo, fee
  • bar, bor
  • baz, biz

Horizontal list example with {{hlist|Item one|item two|item three}}:

• Item one
• item two
• item three

Vertical templates are {{plainlist}} and {{unbulleted list}} (vertical), use unbulleted, non-indented lists for clean display in infoboxes. Entries may be all sentence case, or all lowercase (aside from proper names) after the first.

This style is best for long items, and longer lists. For long lists of information that may not be of immediate interest but retained for reference, the {{collapsible list}} template can be used; this is not a universally accessible option, so should not be used for key information.

Do not use <br /> markup to create fake lists, as in: Item one<br />item two<br />item three.

Vertical list example:, using {{unbulleted list|Item one|item two|item three}}:

• Item one
• item two
• item three

Example

Bill Gates
Gates in 2017
ਜਨਮ	William Henry Gates III (1955-10-28) ਅਕਤੂਬਰ 28, 1955 Seattle, Washington, U.S.
ਸਿੱਖਿਆ	Harvard University (dropped out)
ਪੇਸ਼ਾ	Software developer investor entrepreneur
ਸਰਗਰਮੀ ਦੇ ਸਾਲ	1972–present
ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰਸਿੱਧ	Co-founder of Microsoft and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
ਖਿਤਾਬ	Co-chairperson of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Chairman and founder of Branded Entertainment Network Chairman and founder of Cascade Investment Chairman and co-founder of TerraPower Founder of Breakthrough Energy Technology advisor of Microsoft
ਬੋਰਡ ਮੈਂਬਰ	Berkshire Hathaway Microsoft (former, both)
ਜੀਵਨ ਸਾਥੀ	Melinda French ​ ​ (ਵਿ. 1994; ਤ. 2021)​
ਬੱਚੇ	3
ਮਾਤਾ-ਪਿਤਾ	Bill Gates Sr. (ਪਿਤਾ) Mary Maxwell (ਮਾਤਾ)
ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ	Presidential Medal of Freedom (2016) Hilal-e-Pakistan (2022)
ਵੈੱਬਸਾਈਟ	www.gatesnotes.com
ਦਸਤਖ਼ਤ

{{Infobox person
| name               = Bill Gates
| post-nominals      =
| image              = Bill Gates 2017 (cropped).jpg
| alt                = Head and shoulders photo of Bill Gates
| caption            = Gates in 2017
| birth_name         = William Henry Gates III
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1955|10|28}}
| birth_place        = [[Seattle, Washington]], U.S.
| known_for          = Co-founder of [[Microsoft]] and [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]]
| education          = [[Harvard University]] (dropped out)
| occupation         = {{hlist|Software developer|investor|entrepreneur}}
| years_active       = 1972–present
| title              = {{indented plainlist|
* Co-[[chairperson]] of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
* Chairman and founder of [[Branded Entertainment Network]]
* Chairman and founder of [[Cascade Investment]]
* Chairman and co-founder of [[TerraPower]]
* Founder of [[Breakthrough Energy]]
* Technology advisor of Microsoft}}
| boards             = [[Berkshire Hathaway]]<br />Microsoft (former, both)
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[Melinda French]]|January 1, 1994|August 2, 2021|reason=divorce}}
| children           = 3
| father             = [[Bill Gates Sr.]]
| mother             = [[Mary Maxwell Gates|Mary Maxwell]]
| website            = {{URL|https://www.gatesnotes.com}}
| awards             = {{ubl|[[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2016)|[[Hilal-e-Pakistan]] (2022)}}
| signature          = Bill Gates signature.svg
| signature_alt      = William H. Gates III
}}

Microformat

ਇਸ ਟੈਪਲੇਟ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਬਣਾਏ HTML ਮਾਰਕਅੱਪ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਸ਼ਾਮਿਲ ਹੈ hCard ਸੰਪਰਕ ਵੇਰਵੇ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਇਕ ਮਾਈਕ੍ਰੋਫਾਰਮੈਟ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿ ਵਿਅਕਤੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਵੇਰਵਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਪਾਰਸ ਕਰਨ ਯੋਗ ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਾਂ ਤਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਕ੍ਰੇਤਾ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਜਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਪਾਠਕ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਚਲਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਇੱਕ ਬ੍ਰਾਉਜ਼ਰ ਸਾਧਨ ਦੁਆਰਾ (ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕਿ) ਇੱਕ ਐਡਰੈੱਸ ਬੁੱਕ ਜਾਂ ਡਾਟਾਬੇਸ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਵਿਸ਼ਾ ਜੋੜੋ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ 'ਤੇ ਮਾਇਕ੍ਰੋਫਾਰਮੈਟਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲਈ, ਕਿਰਪਾ ਕਰਕੇ ਮਾਈਕ੍ਰੋਫੋਰਮੈਟ ਪ੍ਰਾਜੈਕਟ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਖੋ.

ਉਪ-ਖਾਕੇ

ਮਿਤੀ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ("ਬੀਡ") ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਕੇਵਲ ਮਾਈਕਰੋਫਾਰਮੈਟ ਵਿਚ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਵੇਗੀ ਜੇ {{birth date}}, ਜਾਂ {{birth date and age}} ਇਨਫੌਬਕਸ ਵਿਚ ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ. (ਇਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਨਾ ਕਰੋ ਜੇ 1583 ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਤਾਰੀਖ ਹੋਵੇ). ਇਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਰਤਣ ਬਾਰੇ ਸਾਵਧਾਨ ਰਹੋ ਜੇਕਰ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਦੀ ਗੋਪਨੀਯਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਾਇਮਰੀ ਸਰੋਤਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ. URL ਨੂੰ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ, ਵਰਤੋਂ {{URL}}.

ਕਿਰਪਾ ਕਰਕੇ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਉਪ-ਟੈਪਲੇਟਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਾ ਹਟਾਓ.

ਕਲਾਸਾਂ

hCard HTML ਕਲਾਸਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਵੀ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ:

• adr
• ਏਜੰਟ
• bday
• ਜਨਮ ਸਥਾਨ
• ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ
• ਦੇਸ਼-ਨਾਮ
• ਮੌਤ ਦੀ ਸਜ਼ਾ
• ਮੌਤ ਸਥਾਨ
• ਐਕਸਟੈਂਡਡ ਐਡਰੈੱਸ
• ਖਾਨਦਾਨ ਦਾ ਨਾ
• fn (ਲੋੜੀਂਦੀ)
• ਸਨਮਾਨ-ਅਗੇਤਰ
• ਮਾਣ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ
• ਲੇਬਲ
• ਇਲਾਕੇ
• ਉਪਨਾਮ
• ਨੋਟ ਕਰੋ
• org
• ਭੂਮਿਕਾ
• url
• vcard

ਕ੍ਰਿਪਾ ਕਰਕੇ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਨਾ ਬਦਲੋ ਜਾਂ ਨਾ ਹਟਾਓ ਅਤੇ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਇਸਤੇਮਾਲ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਨੇਸਟਡ ਤੱਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਾ ਤੋੜੋ.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. Click here to see a monthly parameter usage report for this template based on this TemplateData.

TemplateData for Infobox person

An infobox for articles about people

ਫਰਮੇ ਦੇ ਮਾਪਦੰਡ[Edit template data]

This template has custom formatting.

ਮਾਪਦੰਡ		ਵੇਰਵਾ	ਕਿਸਮ	ਦਰਜਾ
Honorific prefix	honorific_prefix honorific-prefix honorific prefix pre-nominals	Honorific prefix(es), to appear on the line above the person's name	Unknown	optional
Name	name	Common name of person (defaults to article name if left blank; provide birth_name (below) if different from name). If middle initials are specified (or implied) by the lead of the article, and are not specified separately in the birth_name field, include them here.	String	required
Post-nominals	honorific_suffix honorific-suffix honorific suffix post-nominals	Honorific suffix(es), to appear on the line below the person's name	Unknown	optional
Image	image	Image name: abc.jpg, xpz.png, 123.gif, etc. If an image is desired but not available, one may add "yes" to the "needs-photo" section of the :Template:WPBiography on the talkpage. If no image is available yet, do not use an image placeholder. Example abc.jpg, xpz.png, 123.gif	File	optional
Image upright	image_upright	Scales the image thumbnail from its default size by the given factor. Values less than 1 scale the image down (0.9 = 90%) and values greater than 1 scale the image up (1.15 = 115%). ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ 1 Example 1.15	Number	optional
Landscape	landscape	Set to yes when using wide, short images. The image height (rather than width) will be limited to 200 pixels.	Boolean	optional
DEPRECATED: Image size	image_size image size imagesize	DEPRECATED/DISCOURAGED. Size to display image: 200px (set width), x300px (set height), or 200x300px (max width & max height). This defaults to frameless (default is 220px, but logged in users can change this by clicking on "my preferences" and adjusting thumbnail size) if empty or omitted. Use of this parameter is discouraged as per WP:IMGSIZE. Use image_upright instead. ਮੂਲ ਰੂਪ 220px Example 200px	Unknown	deprecated
Alt	alt	Alt text for image, for visually impaired readers. One word (such as "photograph") is rarely sufficient. See WP:ALT.	String	optional
Caption	caption image caption image_caption	Caption for image, if needed. Try to include date of photo and the photographer.	String	optional
Native name	native_name	The person's name in their own language, if different.	String	optional
Native name language	native_name_lang	ISO 639-1 code, e.g., "fr" for French. If more than one, use Template:lang in `native_name` instead.	Unknown	optional
Native name pronunciation	pronunciation	Details of how to pronounce the individual's native name.	Unknown	optional
Other names	other_names other names othername nickname alias	Other notable names for the person, if different from name and birth_name.	Unknown	optional
Siglum	siglum	Siglum, monogram, shortcut, if relevant.	Unknown	optional
Birth name	birth_name birthname	Name at birth; only use if different from name.	String	optional
Birth date	birth_date	Date of birth: {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. If only a year of birth is known, or age as of a certain date, consider using Template:birth year and age or Template:birth based on age as of date.	Content	optional
Birth place	birth_place	Place of birth: city, administrative region, sovereign state. Use the name of the birthplace at the time of birth, e.g.: Saigon (prior to 1976), Ho Chi Minh City (post 1976). Do not use a flag template.	String	optional
Baptised	baptised baptized	Date of baptism: ONLY for use when birth date is not known (e.g., Beethoven). Will not display if a birth date is entered. Do not use subtemplates. Parameter 'baptized' can be used for articles that use American english spelling.	Date	optional
Disappeared date	disappeared_date	(For missing people) Date of disappearance: Template:disappeared date and age (if birth date is known) or Template:disappeared date (if birth date unknown).	Unknown	optional
Disappeared place	disappeared_place	(For missing people) Place of disappearance: city, administrative region, sovereign state. Do not use a flag template.	Unknown	optional
Disappeared status	disappeared_status status	(For missing people) Current status for the person, e.g., if the person is still regarded as missing (using Template:missing for to calculate the time since disappearance), or if the person has been declared dead in absentia, with a date for such a ruling.	Unknown	optional
Death date	death_date	Date of death: {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (if birth date is known) or Template:death date (if birth date unknown). See Template:Death date/doc for details on usage. If exact dates are unknown, consider using Template:death year and age.	Unknown	optional
Death place	death_place	Place of death: city, administrative region, sovereign state. Note: Do not use a flag template. Use the name of the deathplace at the time of death, e.g.: Saigon (prior to 1976), Ho Chi Minh City (post 1976)	String	optional
Death cause	death_cause death cause	Cause of death. This should only be included when the cause of death has significance for the subject's notability.	Unknown	optional
Body discovered	body_discovered body discovered	Place where the body was discovered (if different from place of death). Do not use a flag template.	Unknown	optional
Resting place	resting_place resting place restingplace	Place of burial, ash-scattering, etc. Do not use a flag template.	Unknown	optional
Resting place coordinates	resting_place_coordinates resting place coordinates restingplacecoordinates	Coordinates for place of burial, ash-scattering etc. Use Template:coord template.	Unknown	optional
Burial place	burial_place	Place of burial, alternative to 'Resting place' Displays the label 'Burial place'.	Content	optional
Burial place coordinates	burial_coordinates	Coordinates for place of burial, to accompany 'Burial place'. Use {{coord}} template.	Unknown	optional
Monuments	monuments	Significant monuments erected, buildings named, etc., in honour of the subject. If many, link to an appropriate section of the article instead.	Unknown	optional
Nationality	nationality	Nationality. May be used instead of citizenship (below) or vice versa in cases where any confusion could result. Should only be used 'with' citizenship when they somehow differ. Should only be used if nationality cannot be inferred from the birthplace per [[WP:INFONAT]]. Do not use a flag template.	String	optional
Citizenship	citizenship	Country of legal citizenship, if different from nationality. Rarely needed. See usage notes for nationality above. Should only be used if citizenship cannot be inferred from the birthplace. Do not use a flag template.	String	optional
Education	education	Education, e.g., degree, institution and graduation year, if relevant. If very little information is available or relevant, the `alma_mater` parameter may be more appropriate.	Unknown	optional
Alma mater	alma_mater alma mater	Alma mater. This parameter is a more concise alternative to `education`, and will most often simply consist of the linked name of the last-attended higher education institution. It is usually not relevant to include either parameter for non-graduates, but article talk page consensus may conclude otherwise, as at Bill Gates.	Unknown	optional
Occupation	occupation	Occupation(s) as given in the lead.	Unknown	optional
Years active	years_active years active yearsactive	Date range in years during which the subject was active in their principal occupation(s) and/or other activity for which they are notable. Use the format 1950–2000, or 1970–present if still active (note the use of an en dash, not hyphen). If no dates of birth and/or death are known for the subject, only a floruit date range, as is common with ancient subjects, this parameter can be used for it. If approximate (circa) dates are known for either or both, put them in the birth_date and death_date parameters.	Unknown	optional
Era	era	Era during which the subject lived or was active. Less specific than 'years active'.	Unknown	optional
Employer	employer	Employer(s), if relevant.	Unknown	optional
Organization	organization organizations organisation organisations	Non-employing organization(s), if relevant.	Unknown	optional
Agent	agent	The subject's agent (individual and/or agency), discouraged in most cases, specifically when promotional, and requiring a reliable source.	Unknown	optional
Known For	known_for known for known	A brief description of what the person is notable for. Example Environmental activism	Unknown	optional
Notable works	notable_works works credits notable works label_name	Title(s) of notable work(s) (publications, compositions, sculptures, films, etc.) by the subject, if any.	Unknown	optional
Style	style	The style in which the subject works, if applicable.	Unknown	optional
DEPRECATED: Net worth	net_worth net worth networth	Current estimated net worth, if relevant. Please be sure to support with a citation from a reliable source, in the article body.	Unknown	deprecated
Height	height	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant. If used, this should also include the year of the measurement if the person had not reached full adulthood when this stat was published. See documentation of this parameter at Template:Infobox sportsperson for more information.	Unknown	optional
Height in metres	height_m	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant, their height in metres (it will be automatically converted to Imperial).	Number	optional
Height in centimetres	height_cm	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant, their height in centimetres (it will be automatically converted to Imperial).	Number	optional
Height in feet	height_ft	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant, their height in whole feet (it will be automatically converted to SI). Use with height_in.	Number	optional
Remaining height in inches	height_in	If person was notable for their height, or if height is relevant, their height in remaining inches (it will be automatically converted to SI). Use with height_ft.	Number	optional
DEPRECATED: Weight	weight	no description	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Weight in kilogrammes	weight_kg	If person was notable for their weight, or if weight is relevant, their weight in kilogrammes (it will be automatically converted to Imperial).	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Weight in pounds	weight_lb	If person was notable for their weight, or if weight is relevant, their weight in pounds, or their weight in remaining pounds if weight in whole stones is specified (it will be automatically converted to SI).	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Weight in stones	weight_st	If person was notable for their weight, or if weight is relevant, their weight in whole stones (it will be automatically converted to SI).	Unknown	deprecated
Television	television	Television programmes presented by or closely associated with the subject.	Unknown	optional
Title	title office	Multiple uses: Formal title, such as First Lady of Japan for Akie Abe.; Awarded title, such as Mr. Olympia for Arnold Schwarzenegger.; Job title, such as President of Calvin College for Anthony Diekema.; A combination of the above, such as Professor of Mathematics and Fellow of the Royal Society for Bill Parry See also "awards" parameter, below, for awarded honors that are not really titles. A single award should not use both parameters.	Unknown	optional
Term	term	Years the person held the title listed above.	Unknown	optional
Predecessor	predecessor	Person who previously held the title listed above.	Unknown	optional
Successor	successor	Person who subsequently held the title listed above.	Unknown	optional
Party	party	If relevant. Field labelled Political party.	Unknown	optional
Other party	otherparty	If relevant. Field labelled Other political affiliations.	Unknown	optional
Movement	movement	If relevant. '''Movement''' can be social, political (non-party), artistic, philosophical, literary, cultural, etc.	Unknown	optional
Opponents	opponents	Notable relevant opponents (e.g., for major political office).	Unknown	optional
Boards	boards	For board of directors membership(s), if relevant. Field labeled Board member of.	Unknown	optional
Criminal charge(s)	criminal_charges criminal_charge criminal charge	For convicted criminals only. Please be certain to support these parameters with citations from reliable sources in the article body.	Unknown	optional
Criminal penalty	criminal_penalty criminal penalty	For convicted criminals only. Please be certain to support these parameters with citations from reliable sources, in the article body.	Unknown	optional
Criminal status	criminal_status judicial_status judicial status criminal status	For convicted criminals only. Please be certain to support these parameters with citations from reliable sources, in the article body.	Unknown	optional
Spouse(s)	spouse spouses spouse(s)	Name of spouse(s), followed by years of marriage. Use the format Name (married 1950–present) for a current spouse, and Name (married 1970–99) for former spouse(s). Separate entries using Template:Plainlist or Template:Unbulleted list. For deceased persons still married at time of death, do not include an end year. {{Marriage}} may be used.	Unknown	optional
Partner(s)	partner partners partner(s) domestic_partner domesticpartner	For unmarried life partners in a domestic partnership (of any gender or sexual orientation), not business partners. Use the format Name (1950–present) for current partner and Name (1970–99) for former partner(s).	Unknown	optional
Children	children	Number of children (e.g., 3), or list of independently notable names, in which case, separate entries using Template:Plainlist or Template:Unbulleted list. Names may be preceded by a number to show total children and avoid implying that named children are the only offspring. For privacy reasons, consider omitting the names of children of living persons, unless notable.	Unknown	optional
Parent(s)	parents	Names of parents. Separate entries using Template:Plainlist or Template:Unbulleted list. If subject has only one notable mother and/or father, 'mother' and 'father' parameters may be used instead	Unknown	optional
Mother	mother	Name of mother; include only if subject has one mother who is independently notable or particularly relevant. Overwritten by 'parents' parameter.	Page name	optional
Father	father	Name of father; include only if subject has one father who is independently notable or particularly relevant. Overwritten by 'parents' parameter.	Page name	optional
Relatives	relatives relations	Names of siblings or other relatives. Include the relationship in parentheses after the name (sister, uncle, etc). Separate entries using Template:Plainlist or Template:Unbulleted list.	Unknown	optional
Family	family	Family or house of the individual, if notable.	Unknown	optional
Callsign	callsign	Amateur radio call sign, if relevant.	Unknown	optional
Awards	awards	Notable awards. If many, link to an appropriate section of the article instead. See also "title" parameter, above, for awarded titles. A single award should not use both parameters.	Unknown	optional
Honours	honours honors	Honours the individual has been awarded, if notable.	Unknown	optional
Website	website homepage URL url	Official website only. Unofficial websites should be placed under ==External links== in the body of the article. Use Template:URL as in Example.com . Do not include the www. part unless the server requires it. Use camel case capitalization to make multiword domain names easier to read.	Content	optional
Module	module misc	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Module two	module2 misc2	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Module three	module3 misc3	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Module four	module4 misc4	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Module five	module5 misc5	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Module six	module6 misc6	Used for embedding other infoboxes into this one.	Unknown	optional
Signature	signature	An image of the person's signature. Please use image name: abc.jpg, xpz.png, 123.gif, etc.	File	optional
Signature size	signature_size	Default is 150px. If necessary, a signature can be resized manually as per the "image_size" parameter.	Unknown	optional
Signature alt	signature_alt signature alt	Alt text for the signature image. For example, for :File:Thomas Jefferson Signature.svg, the alt text might be |signature_alt= Th: Jefferson, spelling out the signature exactly as it appears in the image.	String	optional
Footnotes	footnotes	Notes about any of the infobox data.	Unknown	optional
DEPRECATED: Name CSS over-ride	abovestyle	DEPRECATED: A CSS style to use for the individual's name, over-riding the community norm. Only use in exception circumstances.	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Use as an embedded infobox	child embed	DEPRECATED: Use this infobox within another one. For experts only. Example yes	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Influences	influences	DEPRECATED and unused in the infobox. Do not use.	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: Influenced	influenced	DEPRECATED and unused in the infobox. Do not use.	Unknown	deprecated
DEPRECATED: home_town	home_town home town	The place where the person was raised and matured, if different from birth place.	Unknown	deprecated

Tracking categories

• Category:Pages using infobox person with unknown parameters (1,858)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with conflicting parameters (373)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple employers (12)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple organizations (36)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple agents (1)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple credits (9)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple labels (0)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple opponents (1)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple criminal charges (4)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple spouses (248)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple partners (27)
• Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple parents (328)
• Category:Biography template using pronunciation (6)
• Category:Biography with signature (4)
• Category:No local image but image on Wikidata (552) – Used by Template:Wikidata image to track articles where an infobox has no image but Wikidata has an image name. To exclude articles from this category, add an image or |nocat_wdimage=yes to the infobox.

See also

Variations of this template which use Wikidata:

• {{Infobox person/Wikidata}}

Alternative templates are listed at WikiProject Biography/Infoboxes and within the people and person infobox templates category.

The above documentation is transcluded from ਫਰਮਾ:Infobox person/doc. (ਸੋਧੋ | ਅਤੀਤ)
Editors can experiment in this template's ਕੱਚਾ ਖ਼ਾਕਾ (ਬਣਾਓ | mirror) and testcases (ਬਣਾਓ) pages.
Add categories to the /doc subpage. Subpages of this template.