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    Jean-Frédéric Diebold

    Les freins aéronautiques sont sujets aux vibrations non-linéaires instables. On retrouve principalement deux modes. Premièrement, il apparait un mode appelé whirl. Il s'agit d'un tournoiement de l'essieu autour de son axe. Son... more
    Les freins aéronautiques sont sujets aux vibrations non-linéaires instables. On retrouve principalement deux modes. Premièrement, il apparait un mode appelé whirl. Il s'agit d'un tournoiement de l'essieu autour de son axe. Son mécanisme d'apparition est un couplage de deux modes de flexion de l'essieu dans des directions orthogonales. D'autre part, le squeal résultant des phénomènes de stick-slip ou de sprag-slip consiste en la rotation du frein autour de l'essieu. Ces vibrations ne sont pas la conséquence d'une sollicitation extérieure mais sont induites par le frottement aux interfaces des disques. Elles dépendent donc des phénomènes tribologiques propres aux disques de carbone et sont notamment pilotées par le coefficient de frottement μ. Afin de prendre en compte l'aspect vibratoire dans la conception des freins, Messier-Bugatti-Dowty travaille à l'amélioration de la simulation des modes et des niveaux d'accélération associés. Dans un premier temps, un modèle éléments finis doit être construit afin de bien prendre en compte la géométrie du frein ainsi que les conditions aux limites. Pour le rendre fidèle aux essais, des phénomènes physiques y sont introduits. Parmi eux on compte les phénomènes gyroscopiques, le bâti d'essai, le contact avec le sol via les pneumatiques, les jeux des liaisons et le circuit hydraulique. Le modèle éléments finis est ensuite réduit grâce à une méthode de sous-structuration et une réduction modale de type Craig-Bampton. Des non-linéarités et un frottement saturé sont alors introduits pour réaliser des calculs transitoires. Les résultats obtenus sont confrontés aux essais de freinage. Des critères sur les modes de type MAC sont utilisés pour estimer l'erreur du modèle et identifier les causes possible des problèmes. Une étude statistique devra être faite sur une campagne d'essai tout entière
    This article is devoted to the development of a calculation macro-model for the sizing of aircraft wheel fasteners. By their design, airliners tires are too rigid to be mounted on the wheel like car or motorcycle tires. Therefore, it is... more
    This article is devoted to the development of a calculation macro-model for the sizing of aircraft wheel fasteners. By their design, airliners tires are too rigid to be mounted on the wheel like car or motorcycle tires. Therefore, it is necessary to design a wheel in two separate parts so as to plug the tire on a first half-wheel and then “close” the assembly with the second. Therefore, the two half-wheels must be held together. In most cases, a bolted joint plays this essential role. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology related to the generation of semi-analytical model representative of the assembly. The tool is designed with a local approach that models an angular wheel sector including the most solicited bolt. It makes possible to evaluate tensile and bending stresses in the bolt, taking into account the roundness effect of the wheel. The objective is to obtain results close to finite element 3D modeling but with a very limited computation time. To achieve this goal, the principle of this model is to represent all parts of the wheel by 1D axisymmetric elements such as plate and shell elements, beam, tube, and spring elements (to model the contact) ensuring a description close to the actual wheel. Contact between the two half-wheels is also taken into account in order to detect the location of any unsticking after application of external loads. Different cases will be simulated (inflation case, straight line, and cornering case). The mechanical strength of the most solicited bolt will be analyzed for these different configurations. The results in tensile and bending stresses will be observed at the screw level. A comparison of the results from the proposed digital macro-model and the 3D digital simulations will be analyzed. The developed tool will be used in the early design phase which allows the design engineer to define the mechanical and geometric properties of the wheel and bolts to find the optimal assembly.
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake ma...
    International audienceLe crissement de frein reste une problématique d’actualité tant au niveau industriel qu’académique. L’analyse transitoire non linéaire est une approche prometteuse, elle est cependant gourmande en ressources... more
    International audienceLe crissement de frein reste une problématique d’actualité tant au niveau industriel qu’académique. L’analyse transitoire non linéaire est une approche prometteuse, elle est cependant gourmande en ressources informatiques. La double synthèse modale est une méthode de réduction qui rend possible la réalisation d’intégrations temporelles non linéaires sur la base de modèles éléments finis industriels réalistes. Il est illustré ici la réduction de multiples interfaces frottantes de grandes dimensions sur une base réduite, permettant de réaliser des simulations jusqu e-là inaccessibles
    This article is devoted to the development of a calculation macro-model for the sizing of aircraft wheel fasteners. By their design, airliners tires are too rigid to be mounted on the wheel like car or motorcycle tires. Therefore, it is... more
    This article is devoted to the development of a calculation macro-model for the sizing of aircraft wheel fasteners. By their design, airliners tires are too rigid to be mounted on the wheel like car or motorcycle tires. Therefore, it is necessary to design a wheel in two separate parts so as to plug the tire on a first half-wheel and then “close” the assembly with the second. Therefore, the two half-wheels must be held together. In most cases, a bolted joint plays this essential role. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology related to the generation of semi-analytical model representative of the assembly. The tool is designed with a local approach that models an angular wheel sector including the most solicited bolt. It makes possible to evaluate tensile and bending stresses in the bolt, taking into account the roundness effect of the wheel. The objective is to obtain results close to finite element 3D modeling but with a very limited computation time. To achieve this goal, the principle of this model is to represent all parts of the wheel by 1D axisymmetric elements such as plate and shell elements, beam, tube, and spring elements (to model the contact) ensuring a description close to the actual wheel. Contact between the two half-wheels is also taken into account in order to detect the location of any unsticking after application of external loads. Different cases will be simulated (inflation case, straight line, and cornering case). The mechanical strength of the most solicited bolt will be analyzed for these different configurations. The results in tensile and bending stresses will be observed at the screw level. A comparison of the results from the proposed digital macro-model and the 3D digital simulations will be analyzed. The developed tool will be used in the early design phase which allows the design engineer to define the mechanical and geometric properties of the wheel and bolts to find the optimal assembly.
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake manufacturers as it may jeopardize... more
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake manufacturers as it may jeopardize structural integrity due to accelerated fatigue life, or generate discomfort for the aircraft crew and passengers. The important cost associated to the occurrence of this phenomenon motivates the development of instability simulation and prediction methods that can be used as early as the design stage.
    This study aims at identifying the loading applied by a tire on a landing gear wheel for an inflation case. A full scale test instrumented via stereo-DIC (Digital Image Correlation) and strain gages is performed. A 3D finite element model... more
    This study aims at identifying the loading applied by a tire on a landing gear wheel for an inflation case. A full scale test instrumented via stereo-DIC (Digital Image Correlation) and strain gages is performed. A 3D finite element model of the wheel is developed and a parameterization of the tire-rim loading is proposed based on model reduction techniques. This parameterization is further used for an inverse identification of the loading parameters. This approach leads to a simpler and more robust problem that can easily be extended to more complex service loadings.
    Cette etude consiste a developper un modele analytique et analyser le comportement mecanique des liaisons boulonnees qui assemblent les demi-roues d’avions avec la presence d’un chargement fortement excentre. Ces travaux s’inscrivent dans... more
    Cette etude consiste a developper un modele analytique et analyser le comportement mecanique des liaisons boulonnees qui assemblent les demi-roues d’avions avec la presence d’un chargement fortement excentre. Ces travaux s’inscrivent dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre d’un outil de pre-dimensionnement exploitable dans un contexte de conception preliminaire. Le but est de disposer d’une methode de calcul suffisamment robuste pour predire la tenue mecanique des fixations de roues en un temps reduit. Ce modele interactif sera exploite dans des boucles de calcul pour etudier l’influence de parametres de conception. Le modele analytique non-lineaire propose est adapte a une geometrie de roue d’avion par l’integration de deux coefficients specifiques (q1 et q2). Cette nouvelle formulation permet de calculer les contraintes de traction et de flexion dans les boulons. Pour valider ce modele analytique, des simulations numeriques par elements finis ont ete realisees pour differents cas de ch...
    Abstract This paper provides a description of a phenomenological model representing a mechanical system consisting of a stator disk fixed to a clamped beam and a rotor disk. When the rotor is in contact with the stator, the rotation gives... more
    Abstract This paper provides a description of a phenomenological model representing a mechanical system consisting of a stator disk fixed to a clamped beam and a rotor disk. When the rotor is in contact with the stator, the rotation gives rise to friction leading to a self-sustaining vibratory instability called whirl. This instability confers a two-beam bending mode to the coupling. Moreover, adding detachment at the rotor/stator interface leads to the disappearance of whirl instability and the onset of another mode known as squeal. The main goal of this paper is to study the conditions of occurrence of the squeal mode. This is the first time a study has been performed to observe 3 different behaviors as a function of the parameters imposed. A limit cycle is associated with each behavior. Then, each limit cycle is studied using spectrograms and state space representation. Attention is then focused on the limit cycle bifurcation and limit cycle stability is studied using the monodromy matrix. Finally, a contact bounce is introduced in the model to observe a limit cycle consisting of alternating whirl and squeal modes.
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake ma...
    Les freins aéronautiques sont sujets aux vibrations non-linéaires instables. On retrouve principalement deux modes. Premièrement, il apparait un mode appelé whirl. Il s'agit d'un tournoiement de l'essieu autour de son axe. Son... more
    Les freins aéronautiques sont sujets aux vibrations non-linéaires instables. On retrouve principalement deux modes. Premièrement, il apparait un mode appelé whirl. Il s'agit d'un tournoiement de l'essieu autour de son axe. Son mécanisme d'apparition est un couplage de deux modes de flexion de l'essieu dans des directions orthogonales. D'autre part, le squeal résultant des phénomènes de stick-slip ou de sprag-slip consiste en la rotation du frein autour de l'essieu. Ces vibrations ne sont pas la conséquence d'une sollicitation extérieure mais sont induites par le frottement aux interfaces des disques. Elles dépendent donc des phénomènes tribologiques propres aux disques de carbone et sont notamment pilotées par le coefficient de frottement μ. Afin de prendre en compte l'aspect vibratoire dans la conception des freins, Messier-Bugatti-Dowty travaille à l'amélioration de la simulation des modes et des niveaux d'accélération associés. Dans un premier temps, un modèle éléments finis doit être construit afin de bien prendre en compte la géométrie du frein ainsi que les conditions aux limites. Pour le rendre fidèle aux essais, des phénomènes physiques y sont introduits. Parmi eux on compte les phénomènes gyroscopiques, le bâti d'essai, le contact avec le sol via les pneumatiques, les jeux des liaisons et le circuit hydraulique. Le modèle éléments finis est ensuite réduit grâce à une méthode de sous-structuration et une réduction modale de type Craig-Bampton. Des non-linéarités et un frottement saturé sont alors introduits pour réaliser des calculs transitoires. Les résultats obtenus sont confrontés aux essais de freinage. Des critères sur les modes de type MAC sont utilisés pour estimer l'erreur du modèle et identifier les causes possible des problèmes. Une étude statistique devra être faite sur une campagne d'essai tout entière
    Research Interests:
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake manufacturers as it may jeopardize... more
    Aircraft braking systems may be subjected to friction-induced vibrations, during which the brake is unstable and behaves as a source of mechanical vibrations. This is an issue for aircraft brake manufacturers as it may jeopardize structural integrity due to accelerated fatigue life, or generate discomfort for the aircraft crew and passengers. The important cost associated to the occurrence of this phenomenon motivates the development of instability simulation and prediction methods that can be used as early as the design stage.