J. R. R. Tolkien

Ni J. R. R. Tolkien kadagidi tawen ti 1920

Ni John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (Enero 3, 1892 – Septiembre 2, 973) ket maysa a mannurat ken nobelista nga Ingles, nalatak nga autor ti Ti Hobbit ken ti nagsasaganad a serye a Ti Amo Dagiti Singsing. Maysa pay ni Tolkien a propesor ti lingguista, literatura iti Ingles ken Daan nga Ingles iti Leeds (1920–1925) ken iti Oxford (1925–1959). Debosionado isuna a Katoliko ken gayyem ni mannurat a C. S. Lewis. Kamengda ken Lewis iti Inklings, maysa a grupo dagiti mannurat nga agisalsalaysay iti literatura.

Dagiti obra

Kangrunaan nga obra

• Ti Hobbit, Wenno Napan ken Nagsubli Manen (1937) (The Hobbit, or There and Back Again)
• Ti Amo Dagiti Singsing (The Lord of the Rings)
  • Ti Timpuyog ti Singsing (1954) (The Fellowship of the Ring): umuna a paset
  • Ti Dua a Torre (1954) (The Two Towers): maikadua a paset
  • Ti Pinagsubli ti Ari (1955) (The Return of the King): maikatlo a paset
• Ti Silmarilion (1977) (The Silmarillion) (naipablaak kalpasan a natay ni Tolkien)

Istoria ken daniw

• 1936 Songs for the Philologists, kadua ni E.V. Gordon et al.
• 1945 Leaf by Niggle (short story)
• 1945 The Lay of Aotrou and Itroun, published in Welsh Review
• 1949 Farmer Giles of Ham (medieval fable)
• 1953 The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth, Beorhthelm's Son published with the essay Ofermod
• 1962 The Adventures of Tom Bombadil and Other Verses from the Red Book
• 1967 The Road Goes Ever On, with Donald Swann
• 1964 Tree and Leaf (On Fairy-Stories and Leaf by Niggle in book form)
• 1966 The Tolkien Reader (The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorthelm's Son, On Fairy Stories, Leaf by Niggle, Farmer Giles of Ham and The Adventures of Tom Bombadil)
• 1966 Tolkien on Tolkien (autobiographical)
• 1967 Smith of Wootton Major

Obra nga akademia

• 1922 A Middle English Vocabulary
• 1924 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (with E. V. Gordon)
• 1925 Some Contributions to Middle-English Lexicography
• 1925 The Devil's Coach Horses
• 1929 Ancrene Wisse and Hali Meiohad
• 1932 The Name 'Nodens' (in: Report on the Excavation of the Prehistoric, Roman, and Post-Roman Site in Lydney Park, Gloucestershire.)
• 1932/1935 Sigelwara Land parts I and II
• 1934 The Reeve's Tale (rediscovery of dialect humour, introducing the Hengwrt manuscript into textual criticism of Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales)
• 1936 Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics (lecture on Beowulf criticism)
• 1939 On Fairy-Stories (Tolkien's philosophy on fantasy, given as the 1939 Andrew Lang lecture)
• 1944 Sir Orfeo (an edition of the medieval poem)
• 1947 On Fairy-Stories (essay, very central for understanding Tolkien's views on fastasy)
• 1953 Ofermod, published with the poem The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth, Beorhthelm's Son
• 1953 Middle English "Losenger"
• 1962 Ancrene Wisse: The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle
• 1963 English and Welsh
• 1966 Jerusalem Bible (contributing translator and lexicographer)

Naipablaak kalpasan a natay

• 1975 Translations of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl (poem) and Sir Orfeo
• 1976 The Father Christmas Letters
• 1979 Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien
• 1980 Unfinished Tales of Númenor and Middle-earth ISBN 0-618-15405-1 (HM).
• 1980 Poems and Stories (a compilation of The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm's Son, On Fairy-Stories, Leaf by Niggle, Farmer Giles of Ham and Smith of Wootton Major)
• 1981 The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien (eds. Christopher Tolkien and Humphrey Carpenter)
• 1981 The Old English Exodus Text
• 1982 Finn and Hengest: The Fragment and the Episode
• 1982 Mr. Bliss
• 1983 The Monsters and the Critics (an essay collection)
  • Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics (1936)
  • On Translating Beowulf (1940)
  • On Fairy-Stories (1947)
  • A Secret Vice (1930)
  • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
  • English and Welsh (1955)
• 1983–1996 The History of Middle-Earth:
  1. The Book of Lost Tales 1 (1983)
  2. The Book of Lost Tales 2 (1984)
  3. The Lays of Beleriand (1985)
  4. The Shaping of Middle-earth (1986)
  5. The Lost Road and Other Writings (1987)
  6. The Return of the Shadow (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 1) (1988)
  7. The Treason of Isengard (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 2) (1989)
  8. The War of the Ring (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 3) (1990)
  9. Sauron Defeated (The History of The Lord of the Rings vol. 4, including an edition of The Notion Club Papers) (1992)
  10. Morgoth's Ring (The Later Silmarillion vol. 1) (1993)
  11. The War of the Jewels (The Later Silmarillion vol. 2) (1994)
  12. The Peoples of Middle-earth (1996)
  • Index (2002)
• 1995 J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator (a compilation of Tolkien's art)
• 1998 Roverandom
• 2002 Beowulf and the Critics ed. Michael D.C. Drout (Beowulf: the monsters and the critics together with editions of two drafts of the longer essay from which it was condensed.

Nairekod nga audio

• 1967 Poems and Songs of Middle-Earth, Caedmon TC 1231
• 1975 JRR Tolkien Reads and Sings his The Hobbit & The Lord of the Rings, Caedmon TC 1477, TC 1478 (based on an August, 1952 recording by George Sayer)