A torus can be constructed by two transformations on a rectangle. First, we bend along one direction, joining opposite sides, creating a cylinder. Then, we bend the cylinder so the ends are joined. The resulting figure is a torus. However, the second transformation does not preserve lengths on the surface, as can be observed by the extension and compression of the checkered pattern.
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Converting the floor board to torus with three steps. Checkerboard > Cylinder > Torus.
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{{Information |Description=A torus can be constructed by two transformations on a rectangle. First, we bend along one direction, joining opposite sides, in order to create a cylinder. Then, we bend the cylinder so the ends are joined. The resulting fig...
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