More Related Content
Similar to 6 monophasic liquid dosage form
Similar to 6 monophasic liquid dosage form (20)
More from Pradeep Patil
More from Pradeep Patil (11)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
6 monophasic liquid dosage form
- 1. P.C.Patil
- 2. Monophasic dosage form refers to liquid preparation containing two or more components in one phase system, it is represent by true solution. A true solution is a clear homogenous mixture that is prepared by dissolving solute in a suitable solvent. The component of the solution which is present in a large quantity is known as “SOLVENT” where as the component present in small quantity is termed as “SOLUTE”.
- 3. It is easier to swallow, therefore easier for children and old age people. Facilitate absorption of drug faster than solid dosage form as drug is already in solution form. It is homogenous therefore give uniform dose than suspension or emulsion which need shaking. Simple and fast to formulate It can be administered by various routes :Oral, Parenteral (injection),enema for rectal use, otic (ear), nasal and ophthalmic preparation.
- 4. They are bulky, so difficult to transport and store. Water is commonly use vehicle, which is prone to microbial growth, So addition of preservative is needed. When expose to direct sunlight it may undergo hydrolysis, so need to store in cool and dark place. Drug stability reduce by hydrolysis or oxidation. So, they have shorter expire date than solid dosage form. Other major sign of drug instability are color change, Precipitation, microbial growth etc.
- 5. Aqueous solutions containing antiseptics or antibiotics used to treat throat infections. Available in concentrated form with direction for dilution with warm water before use. Phenol or thymol is used as antibacterial agent in gargles & it is present in low concentration which provides mild anesthetic effect. KCl is also present in gargles & it gives astringent effect & stimulate flow of saliva, which release the drugs. e.g Phenol gargle
- 6. e.g. Phenol Gargle Phenol glycerin: 5ml Amaranth Solution.: 1ml Purified water: q.s up to 100ml Procedure: amaranth solution + a small qty. Of H2O + Phenol glycerin to it. The solution is stirred & made up the volume with purified H2O. Diluted with equal volume with warm water.
- 7. Aqueous solution with a pleasant taste and odor used to clean and deodorize the buccal cavity. Have antiseptic and astringent activity. They may also contain alcohol, glycerin, surfactants, synthetic sweeteners, flavouring & colouring agents. e.g. Compound sodium chloride mouth wash
- 8. Viscous liquid preparation used for mouth and throat infections. Glycerin is commonly used as a base because it adheres to mucous membrane for a long period. Glycerin provides prolong the action to the medicine. Glycerin also provides sweet taste to the preparation. e.g. Compound Iodine throat paint
- 9. E.g.: Potassium iodide : 2.5 gm Iodine : 1.25 gm Alcohol : 4ml Water : 2.5 ml Peppermint oil : 0.4 ml Glycerin : 100ml Procedure : potassium iodide dissolve in H2O + iodine stir until completely dissolved. Dissolve Peppermint oil in alcohol & transfer into iodine solution & make up the volume with glycerin.
- 10. Ear drops mainly used for cleansing, pain relieving & antiseptic action. In that preparation the drug is dissolved or suspended in suitable solvents such as propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, alcohol & water or a mixture of these. Aqueous vehicle is generally not used because the secretion in the ear are fatty in nature & as such these do not easily mix with water. e.g. Clotrimazole + Lignocaine Ear Drops
- 11. e.g. Chloramphenicol Ear Drops Chloramphenicol : 5gm Propylene glycol q.s to 100ml Procedure: Dissolve chloramphenicol in sufficient quantity of propylene glycol & finally make up the volume with propylene glycol
- 12. Administered through the nose to obtain local effect. Used during nasal congestion and upper-respiratory tract problem. In the nasal drops generally used aqueous vehicle. In the nasal drops preparation use the thickening agents viz. methyl cellulose for match its viscosity with that of nasal secretions. Nasal drops mainly used for decongestants, antibiotics etc. e.g. Ephedrine Nasal Drops
- 13. e.g. Ephedrine Nasal Drops Ephedrine hydrochloride : 0.5 gm Chlorbutol : 0.5 gm Sodium Chloride : 0.5gm Purified Water q.s to 100ml Procedure: dissolve chlorbutol with hot water then cool at room temp. then add remaining ingredients filter it & make up the final volume with water.
- 14. I.P contains 66.7% W/Win P.W(100ml) U.S.P contains 85% W/V in P.W(100ml) Medicated Syrup : e.g Cough syrup Flavoured Syrup : e.g Cheery syrup Invert Syrup : according to BPC invert syrup is prepared by hydrolysing sucrose with HCL & solution neutralised with calcium or sodium carbonate. In invert syrup contains levulose, sucrose & dextrose in the ratio 173: 100:74. The invert sugar is 1.23 times sweet as sucrose.
- 15. Agitation Method Agitation with Heat Method Percolation Method Agitation Method : Used for thermo labile or volatile substances. Agitation with Heat Method: Percolation Method: It is an extraction process - Drug is packed in the percolator which has a layer of loosely packed cotton covering the lower outlet, to which suitable solvent is added. - Sucrose is dissolved firstly then introduced in the percolator.
- 16. Non-Medicated Syrup Simple Syrup, Orange Syrup, Lemon Syrup Medicated Syrup Paracetamol Syrup, Piperazine citrate syrup
- 17. Alcohol content varies 5 to 40% 10 to 12% alcohol are stable & not required the preservative.
- 18. Simple agitation method used Alcoholic soluble ingredients dissolve in alcohol. Water soluble ingredients dissolve in water. Then water solution mixed with alcoholic solution. If any oil ingredients added, then use with talc for removing of oil droplets & again filter it. e.g Paracetamol Elixir
- 19. Liquid or semi-solid dosage form. It is applied on the skin with friction & rubbing of skin. The liniments may be alcoholic or oily solution or emulsion. Liniment should not be applied on broken skin it may cause irritation. Use: Counter irritant e.g. Turpentine liniment
- 20. Lotions are liq. Preparations meant for external use without friction. Lotions are not applied on broken skin because It causes irritation. Lotions used as antiseptic, astringents, germicidal action. e.g. Calamine lotion
- 21. THANK YOU