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Sleep and dreams
- 2. HOW MANY HOURS A NIGHT DO YOU SLEEP DURING THE WEEK? ON A WEEKEND? AT WHAT TIMES THROUGHOUT THE DAY DO YOU FEEL MOST TIRED? IF YOU DIDN’T HAVE SCHOOL WHAT TIME WOULD YOU GO TO SLEEP/ WAKE UP? DO YOU THINK MOST AMERICANS GET ENOUGH SLEEP – WHY/WHY NOT?
- 3. SLEEPSLEEP Imagine...if on the average, people sleep 8 hours a day, they are sleeping away 1/3 of their life. How much is that?
- 4. Well, 8 hours of sleep every day is the same as 233,600 hours of sleep by the time you are 80 years old. That's the same as sleeping 26.67 years!!!
- 5. Much of the body’s activities including the desire to sleep are governed by: Circadian rhythm = biological clock
- 6. STAGES of SLEEP Defined in terms of brain wave patterns Measured by Electroencephalograph (EEG) Cyclical Beta, alpha, theta, delta waves
- 7. STAGES of SLEEP Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) SWS sleep is actually 4 different stages of sleep (Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3 & Stage 4) with different EEG patterns.
- 8. STAGES of SLEEP Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) Stage 1 = lightest sleep; = dreamlike images/photos Then to stages 2, 3, & 4 Stage 4 = deepest sleep Back to stages 3, 2, 1 90 minutes passed
- 9. STAGES of SLEEP Rapid Eye Movement = (REM Breathe more irregularly, BP rises, heart beats faster
- 10. REM Sleep Dreaming occurs Eyes move back and forth rapidly EEG pattern during REM sleep is similar to the EEG when you are awake However, the EMG is very quiet during REM sleep - one theory is that during REM sleep, the muscles are inactive so that we will not act out our dreams. This also means that sleepwalkers are not in REM sleep and are not acting out their dreams.
- 12. Why Sleep?
- 13. SLEEP DEPRIVATION WHAT PROBLEMS COULD LACK OF SLEEP CAUSE FOR OUR SOCIETY? HOW COULD LACK OF SLEEP PROBLEMS BE SOLVED?
- 14. Reasons for Sleep Revive tired body Build up resistance to infection Tissue maintenance, secretion of hormones involved in development Psychological functions = recover from stress
- 15. Sleep deprivation Irritability Difficulty focusing – vision/thought Memory lapses Speech difficulties Weakened immune system & other health problems
- 16. DREAMINGDREAMING We dream about 4-5 times a night That is the same as 116,800 to 146,000 dreams by the time you are 80 years old!!!
- 17. DREAMS REM sleep = clear imagery and plots make sense (even though may be unrealistic) NREM = plots vaguer & images more fleeting
- 18. DREAMINGDREAMING FREUD = dreams reflect a person’s unconscious wishes & urges = symbolism BIOPSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH = biological; nuerons randomly fire & brain tries to make sense of it
- 19. DREAMING:DREAMING: Factors affecting dream content Recent events Childhood/past events Pre-sleep experiences Sex differences Age Internal & External stimuli
- 20. DAYDREAMING Reliving or anticipating events Form of escapism Anxiety, achievement, thinking ahead, problem-solving, fantasy
- 21. Sleep ProblemsSleep Problems Insomnia= Inability to sleep
- 22. Forty-eight percent of Americans report insomnia occasionally, while 22 percent experience insomnia every or almost every night.* Women are 1.3 times more likely to report insomnia than men. People over age 65 are 1.5 times more likely to complain of insomnia than younger people. Divorced, widowed and separated people report more insomnia.
- 23. Sleep ProblemsSleep Problems Nightmares= Frightening dreams that usually awaken sleeper from REM sleep Night Terrors= More severe
- 24. Sleep ProblemsSleep Problems Sleep walking
- 25. Sleep ProblemsSleep Problems Narcolepsy = Fall asleep Excessive sleepiness or sudden muscle weakness Rusty
- 26. Sleep ProblemsSleep Problems Sleep Apnea = Breathing interruption that occurs during sleep www.sleepquest.com
- 27. Abnormal airway during sleep. Multiple sites of obstruction often occur in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. An elongated and enlarged soft palate impinges on the posterior airway at the level of the nasopharynx and oral pharynx. In addition, a retruding jaw pushes an enlarged tongue posteriorly to impinge on the hypopharyngeal space. Normal airway. The soft palate and uvula are normal in length and total size. The tongue is normal in size and is angled forward. The upper airway at the level of the nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx is normal in size and contour.
- 29. Sleep DisordersSleep Disorders Sleep disorders affect up to 70 million people in the United States. This costs about $100 billion each year in accidents, medical bills and lost work. (Statistic from Brain Facts, Society for Neuroscience, 1997)
- 31. Driving While Drowsy 1/6 of all car crashes are believed to be linked to drowsiness while driving Driving while tired is very similar to driving when drunk In North Carolina 60% of car crashes caused by drowsiness involved people under the age of 25