In the financial and investment services sector, this should be the right timing to discuss the need for standardization or the rating system in Nepal.
This document provides information about Al-Meezan Bank and monetary policy in Pakistan. Some key points:
- Al-Meezan is the largest Shariah-compliant asset management company in Pakistan, incorporated in 1995 with 270 branches across 83 cities.
- Its vision is to establish Islamic banking as the first choice and its mission is to be a premier Islamic bank offering innovative Shariah-compliant products and services.
- The objectives of monetary policy/credit control in Pakistan include regulating money supply, increasing investment and employment, and controlling inflation and price stability. Tools used include interest rates, open market operations, and reserve requirements.
- Transaction costs are fees charged by financial institutions for
Meezan Bank is the largest Islamic bank in Pakistan, established in 2002. It has a vision to establish Islamic banking as the preferred choice and offer innovative Shariah-compliant products and services. The bank has experienced significant growth in recent years, with profits after taxation growing 16% to Rs. 4.57 billion, total deposits increasing 31.5% to Rs. 380 billion, and total assets growing 33% to Rs. 437 billion between 2014 and 2015. Meezan Bank has over 432 branches across 117 cities in Pakistan.
Meezan Islamic Income Fund (MIIF) provided an annualized return of 11.78% for the fiscal year 2011, outperforming its benchmark return of 5.9%. The fund strategically reallocated assets between high yield instruments to maximize returns while maintaining risk controls. It gradually reduced exposure to corporate sukuks and increased allocation to government ijarah sukuks and commercial paper. The Pakistani economy saw mixed performance in fiscal year 2011, with high inflation in the first half due to floods followed by improved external accounts and stable currency in the second half.
Meezan Bank is Pakistan's first Islamic commercial bank. It was established in 1997 as an Islamic investment bank and was granted a commercial banking license in 2002. The bank operates over 550 branches across Pakistan. Meezan Bank offers various Islamic deposit accounts like savings accounts, certificates of deposit, and business accounts. It also provides financing through Shariah-compliant modes like Musharakah, Murabahah, and Ijarah. The bank aims to establish Islamic banking as the banking of first choice in Pakistan.
Meezan Bank is Pakistan's largest Islamic bank with over 300 branches across 90 cities. It was established in 1997 as an Islamic investment bank and later licensed as an Islamic commercial bank in 2002. The bank aims to establish Islamic banking as the preferred banking choice and facilitate equitable economic growth in accordance with Shariah principles. It offers various personal and commercial banking services including home and car financing, asset management, and online banking through a secure system that encrypts login information.
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Meezan Bank is Pakistan's largest Islamic bank, operating 222 branches across 63 cities. It was the first bank to receive an Islamic banking license from the State Bank of Pakistan in 2002. Meezan Bank offers a range of Shariah-compliant deposit products like savings accounts, certificates of investment, and foreign currency accounts. It has a strong management team and balance sheet, with excellent profitability and high credit ratings. The bank aims to be the premier provider of innovative Islamic banking services in Pakistan.
Book Excerpt - Islamic Finance - A Practical PerspectiveLokesh Gupta
Islamic finance which is also recognized as ethical banking and responsible financing goes beyond Interest free banking and that is the drive behind authoring this book “Islamic Finance: A Practical Perspective”. Much has been said and published from the perspective of banking with foundation based on Islamic Principles and religion practices. However, Islamic Finance is not limited to serving Muslims and is meant for all irrespective of religion. Hence, the knowledge of Islamic Finance Product Structure and functions is important for both consumer and practitioners for Muslims and Non-Muslims is important to understand the benefits and comparison with the Conventional Banking Products, which most of us are most familiar with. This book tries to simplify the explanation from practitioner perspective with easy illustration for easy understanding.
Banking unplugged and Women leaders of Banking - By Skill Junction Atul Prakash
This document provides an overview of the banking sector in India. It discusses what a bank is, the major functions of banks which include intermediation and payment systems. Some key statistics are presented on the number of banks, bank branches and banking sector employment in India. The document also examines retail and wholesale banking, the lifecycle of individual banking products, and need analysis for corporate customers. It explores career opportunities in banking and attributes required for prospective bankers such as communication skills and a willingness to learn.
This document discusses Meezan Bank, Pakistan's largest Islamic bank. It provides information on the bank's history, leadership, branches, products, performance, and financial analysis. Meezan Bank has over 428 branches across Pakistan and has received multiple international awards. While the bank has seen significant growth in deposits, assets, and profits in recent years, it faces challenges from new competitors and Pakistan's economic instability. Recommendations include improving marketing strategies and reducing employee turnover.
This document provides a financial analysis of Meezan Bank. It begins with an acknowledgement and introduces the project and team. It then provides an introduction to Meezan Bank, outlining its history and operations. The document discusses Meezan Bank's vision, mission, products and services. It also includes a SWOT analysis and discusses various ratios used in specialized financial analysis of banks, such as earning assets to total assets and loans loss coverage ratio. The document aims to analyze Meezan Bank's financial performance and position.
Meezan Bank Limited is Pakistan's first and largest Islamic commercial bank. It was established in 2002 when the State Bank of Pakistan issued the first Islamic banking license. Meezan Bank has over 500 branches across Pakistan and aims to establish Islamic banking as the preferred banking choice through innovative Shariah-compliant products and services. The bank has experienced rapid growth since its founding and maintains a market share of 35% in Pakistan's Islamic banking industry.
Islamic Finance - A Practical PerspectiveLokesh Gupta
This is an important book not just for students of Islamic finance but also for banking practitioners and consumers of banking products as it sets out the fundamental differences between Islamic finance and conventional banking and its importance in promoting a conscionable financial practice and sustainable economic development.” This book is reader friendly and written from practitioner perspective for ease of understanding. and wide in its scope: It covers basic Islamic financial concepts (such as riba, or interest, and gharar, or speculative uncertainty), markets and institutions (banking, capital markets, insurance, and private wealth management), products (bank accounts, equity funds, and sukuk, or Islamic bonds), and current challenges to the industry, such as corporate governance and risk management.
This document discusses Meezan Bank, the premier Islamic bank in Pakistan. It provides background on Meezan Bank's establishment, strategy, and rapid growth since 2002. The bank has expanded its branch network significantly and achieved strong financial performance. Meezan Bank aims to provide accessible and dedicated Islamic banking services to customers. It has received several awards recognizing it as the best Islamic bank in Pakistan. The document also discusses the growth of Islamic banking more broadly in Pakistan since 2002 and includes financial statements showing Meezan Bank's continued growth and profitability in recent years.
Banking impacts different populations in India differently based on income level. High-income professionals earning over ₹16,000 per month primarily use debit cards and ATMs, with 90% relying on plastic money. Small shopkeepers earning around ₹12,000 use savings accounts. Very low-income earners like rickshaw pullers making ₹5,000 send money orders but don't have bank accounts, with only 0.1% of their population banking. Despite India having over 53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs across numerous public and private sector banks, only 20 crore Indians, or 17% of the population, have bank accounts.
The document provides information about Meezan Bank, which is the largest Islamic bank in Pakistan. It discusses the bank's mission and shareholders, board of directors, advisory board, products and services, and SWOT analysis. The key points are:
1. Meezan Bank is the largest Islamic bank in Pakistan, with Noor Financial, PKIC, and IDB as major shareholders.
2. The bank offers various Shariah-compliant deposit accounts, certificates, consumer financing, and electronic banking services to customers.
3. A SWOT analysis identifies the bank's strengths in Islamic banking expertise and network, and opportunities in market growth, while noting weaknesses in resources and threats from competition.
The 3-sentence summary is:
Askari Bank is a leading Islamic bank in Pakistan that provides various banking products and services through its network of 36 branches. The bank has seen significant growth in deposits, advances, and assets over the past five years. It offers a range of personal and corporate banking services including various deposit accounts, loans, trade financing, remittances, and international banking services to meet the needs of individual and business customers.
National Bank of Pakistan was established in 1949 to cope with economic crisis after trade issues with India. It commenced operations financing the jute trade and crop. Today it has over 1,450 branches across Pakistan and 21 international branches. As the largest bank in Pakistan, it plays a vital role in developing the agriculture sector and financing trade, while also handling treasury transactions for the government.
The document presents an overview of the products and services offered by Meezan Bank, the largest Islamic bank in Pakistan. It discusses Meezan Bank's deposit accounts, term certificates, consumer finance options, and electronic banking services. The deposit accounts include current accounts, savings accounts, and certificates of investment. Consumer finance products include car financing and home financing. Electronic services include online banking, debit cards, internet banking, and SMS alerts. The presentation aims to provide customers accessibility and convenience within Islamic banking principles.
The document discusses foreign equity investment in Pakistan's Islamic banking system. It provides background on the introduction of interest-free banking in Pakistan in the 1970s. It then analyzes performance measures for Islamic, government, and private banks in Pakistan from 2006-2010 based on ratios like return on assets, equity, and liquidity. Overall, Islamic banks showed gradually increasing balance sheets but zigzagging income statements, while government banks grew steadily except for reserves. The conclusion is that Islamic banking provides an alternative to conventional systems and attracts foreign investment due to its adherence to strong beliefs.
This document provides an overview of Sharekhan Ltd., an online stock brokerage company in India. It discusses the advantages of online trading through Sharekhan, including powerful online trading tools, research-based investment advice, and dedicated customer service. It also notes some disadvantages, such as lack of customized expert advice and potential for higher brokerage fees and technical errors. The document then provides details on the Indian financial system and stock market industry, including definitions of primary and secondary markets. It introduces Sharekhan as an equities-focused company tracing back to a veteran equities solutions firm with over 80 years of stock market experience in India.
Here is a draft cyber incident response plan for a potential cyber attack:
Introduction
This cyber incident response plan outlines the procedures and responsibilities for responding to and recovering from a cybersecurity incident at [Company Name]. A cybersecurity incident is any event that compromises the confidentiality, integrity or availability of an information system or the information stored on that system. This includes but is not limited to malware infections, ransomware attacks, data breaches, and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks.
Activation and Notification
If any employee detects a potential cybersecurity incident, they should immediately notify the IT Director. The IT Director will validate if an incident has occurred and activate the incident response team. The incident response team will be
Sharekhan Mutual fund report by Pawan Saini MBA Finance 15104034..AUG. 2016pawansaini189
This document is a summer training project report submitted by Pawan Kumar for his MBA in Finance. It provides an introduction and overview of the mutual funds industry in India. It discusses the equity market and stock exchanges in India such as the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). It also provides background information on online trading, key stock market indexes, and the role of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in regulating the securities market.
The document discusses equity trading in India and the future of online trading and demat accounts. It provides an overview of Sharekhan Ltd, a stock brokerage firm that offers online trading and depository services. The document analyzes Sharekhan's products, services, competitors and discusses factors like increasing online trading that positively impact the company's future growth prospects. Customer surveys found that awareness of equity trading is high but people prefer less risky investments. The document recommends that Sharekhan expand its branch network and reduce account opening times to better serve more customers.
How does the stock market work?” Is a question you should ask yourself before you develop stock market strategies and start investing in the stock market. The answer to this question is simple, companies go public by offering a specific number of stocks in their company to the public through the stock exchange. Investors then can use the stock exchange to buy and sell stocks of companies that they are interested in. While this basic description of how the stock market works is adequate enough to understand what the stock market is, to get a better understanding of how it actually works it will be important to learn about the market and stock market strategies though a formal education.
This document provides details about an internship project report submitted by Chandra Kant Jaisansaria at Sharekhan Limited in Delhi from June 11, 2012 to August 10, 2012. The objective of the internship was to understand how trading is conducted in equities, currencies, commodities and mutual funds at a brokerage firm. The report includes an introduction to stock markets and commodity markets in India. It also provides an overview of the top 10 brokerage firms in India, with Sharekhan being ranked first. The report discusses the history, products and services of Sharekhan Limited and the various activities conducted by the intern during the internship.
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Internship report at Share Broking (123CAPITALS)Shanmuga Priyan
1. The document is a report submitted by Shanmugapriyan.M to Loyola College on an internship programme at 123CAPITALS, a share broking firm.
2. 123CAPITALS offers services like equity trading on NSE and BSE, derivatives, depository services, and online trading. It aims to simplify financial transactions through unique strategies and enhanced technology.
3. During the internship, Shanmugapriyan learned concepts related to stock markets, generated leads, analyzed client calls, interpreted trading data, and gained interpersonal and technical skills.
Spelman College Reunion College Reunion, Spelman College, Dress AttireNicole Dixon
The document provides instructions for creating an account and submitting assignment requests on the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email, 2) Complete a request form with instructions and deadline, 3) Review bids from writers and select one, 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment, 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes original, high-quality work and refunds for plagiarized content.
Mba finance-project-report-on-a-competitive-analysis-of-trading-in-reliance-m...Rishi Gupta
This document appears to be a report submitted for a Master's degree program. It includes standard sections like an acknowledgement, preface, executive summary, table of contents, and chapters on the introduction, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and findings, suggestions, and conclusion.
The research aims to analyze stock brokers based on their services, products, growth, and competitiveness. It will study major brokerage firms in the region like Karvy, ICICI Direct, Indiainfoline, HDFC Security, and Indiabulls. The methodology discusses objectives to understand Reliance Money's competitive position and examine customers' preferences and satisfaction levels across brokerages.
How Long Is A 500-Word Essay In Pages EssayDawn Rodriguez
The document discusses health disparities faced by Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. It notes that factors like education, wages, housing, and access to healthcare profoundly impact their lives. Specifically, lower educational achievement leads to lower wages, affecting individuals' ability to access basic needs like housing and healthcare. Addressing socioeconomic determinants like education is key to reducing health inequities for this community.
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by Amit Kumar Mishra to fulfill requirements of an MBA program. The report analyzes procurement, works policy, and contract award processes at Sharekhan, an Indian stock brokerage firm. The report includes an introduction, company profile, account types offered, comparison to competitors, requirements for opening an account, analysis of dematerialization and the future of online trading in India. The report is divided into several sections and includes an index, acknowledgments, and references.
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The 10 best stock market training institutes in india 2020.Merry D'souza
. In this issue of The Knowledge Review, we bring you The 10 Best Stock Market Training Institutes in India, 2020, that believe in the power of learning and investment for a financially secure life.
The 10 Most Valuable Portfolio Management Service Providers in 2018Merry D'souza
The 10 Most Valuable Portfolio Management Service Providers in 2018. In this issue highlights the prominent names from the portfolio management space. This list of portfolio management service providers is short but comprehensive.
This document is a project report submitted for an MBA program. It provides an overview of the securities market in India and the role of the stock exchange. It then discusses the National Stock Exchange of India and its functions. Finally, it profiles Karvy Stock Broking LTD, where the author undertook their summer training, positioning it as one of the top financial services firms in India with over 500 corporate clients and 600,000 active trading accounts.
Unsgsa second microfinance policymakers forumDr Lendy Spires
The speaker summarizes the key points discussed at the Microfinance Policymakers Forum. Three pillars are important for effective consumer protection and responsible finance: 1) consumer capability including financial literacy and healthy financial behaviors, 2) regulation through policies that promote sector growth while protecting consumers, and 3) self-regulation by the financial industry. Different countries have taken various approaches to consumer protection showing there is no one-size-fits-all solution, but successful approaches focus on transparency, fair treatment, effective recourse and financial literacy while responding to the national context. Implementation and assessing impact will be important going forward to continue developing inclusive financial systems.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS SHAREKHAN FOR INVESTING IN SHARES AND EQUITY MA...Sagar Sutar
Sharekhan Ltd is an Indian stock brokerage company with over 80 years of experience in the stock market. It provides both online and offline brokerage services through over 100 share shops across India. The document discusses Sharekhan's services and leadership position in the Indian market. It then outlines the objectives and scope of a study on customer satisfaction towards Sharekhan's services for investing in shares and the equity market. Key factors that affect customer satisfaction are also reviewed such as product quality, availability, customer service, and complaint management.
How To Become A Professional Essay WriterCynthia Smith
The document discusses the true historical figure of King Arthur and argues that one man in particular stands out from the myths and legends as the real King Arthur. It outlines the mythical origins story of Arthur's birth and upbringing by Sir Ector before drawing on historical sources that describe Arthur as a 6th century military leader who defended Britain against Saxon invaders. Key events like Arthur pulling the sword from the stone to prove his right to rule and being given the round table are referenced from these historical accounts to build the case that this 6th century war leader was the figure that the later legends were based on.
Trading and investment systems of stock market in bangladesh MD. Mahmudul Hasan
The report will mainly focus on the Trading and Investment systems or decision making process in Capital Market. It will also focus on operation of Brokerage house.
Stock exchanges are completely significant for the proper operational of capitalistic economy. Capital markets help to transmission capital from the surplus units to the deficit units. That plays an essential role by mobilizing the funds to these who can make a proper and creative use of the sale. They also help the surplus units to be capable of earning returns by serving the economy to use their idle funds in accelerating the economic freedom through employment generation. In such a way the financial institutes especially the organized stock exchanges contribute to the industrialization to the country. Stock market contain primary market, floating initial public offering and secondary market were existing security of listed companies are being traded. Primary market issued shares first time, and then the shares come to the secondary market. Both primary and secondary market is reliable to one another. In primary market shares are issued by IPO to the public. In secondary market the shares, which are issued in the primary market, are traded through the brokers.Now trading has become automated, led by DSE through central depository. Hasan Securities Ltd. playing a vital role to generate internet based trading system. It gains dependable value of secure transactions by satisfying customers. Research shows that overall performance and satisfactory. Research also specifies different types of investors and their knowledge level about the market
Capital markets are financial markets for the buying and selling of long-term debt or equity‐backed securities. These bazaars channel the wealth of savers to those who can put it to long‐term fruitful use, such as corporations or governments making long‐term investments. Capital markets are defined as markets in which money is providing for times longer than a year. Investors usually perform investment examination by creating use of essential analysis, technical enquiry and gut feel. Investment judgements are often supported by decision tools. The portfolio theory is often applied to help the investor attain a reasonable return compared to the risk taken. Now a day’s SEC & DSE has taken various steps to improvement the market. DSE has started new index system, new price value of shares.
Similar to Standardization of services and the democratization of the nepali stock market (20)
Tangible market information and stock returns the nepalese evidence synopsisSudarshan Kadariya
This is a synopsis of the work done for the academic fulfillment purpose. The study have assumptions. The findings are suggested to related with its assumptions. I believe this work will help the financial / stock market in Nepal and it will also be accessible and share some features to the international financial market researchers.
Market information and stock returns the nepalese evidenceSudarshan Kadariya
This is a work done for the academic fulfillment purpose. The study have assumptions. The findings are suggested to related with its assumptions. I believe this work will help the financial / stock market in Nepal and it will also be accessible and share some features to the international financial market researchers.
We do have ‘no excuses’ other than learning new things, it is very important to start learning new things specially that has direct impact in your pockets or wallets.
Financial Market is a important area of study and its a most practical education where is News on Stock Market is even crucial as the market moves how we share the news coverage of the specific events and how fast we would disseminate them to the public.
The stock market behavior on news and a comparison with s&p 500Sudarshan Kadariya
The document analyzes the relationship between news coverage and stock market performance in Nepal from 1994 to 2010. It finds that bad news has a negative effect, good news has a positive effect, and informational news has an inconsistent effect, similar to studies in other countries. However, bad news seems to have a slightly stronger impact than good news in Nepal. The behavior of Nepal's stock market, as represented by changes in the NEPSE index, is also found to differ from the S&P 500 index in the US, reacting more strongly to news and exhibiting shorter bull markets.
The document discusses the past, present, and future of Nepal's stock market, NEPSE. It outlines that NEPSE has transitioned from an open-outcry trading system to a semi-automated system and is moving towards fully online trading. Currently, trading still involves some paper-based processes but shares are being dematerialized. The future of NEPSE is poised for online trading which will provide direct access for investors but also increase risks, requiring financial savvy. Adopting new technologies comes with challenges but also opportunities to develop infrastructure and attract global investors.
The document provides an overview of investing basics for those new to the stock market. It discusses key concepts like understanding investment risks, gaining expertise over time through practice rather than just reading theories, starting to invest early to benefit from compound interest, setting clear investment objectives, developing an appropriate investment strategy, maintaining a diversified portfolio, controlling emotions, and adjusting one's portfolio over time in response to market changes. The document emphasizes that investing requires ongoing learning and adapting to changing market conditions.
Step 1: Protect yourself and your family through proper insurance policies that cover disabilities, health issues, and death.
Step 2: Pay off any existing high-interest debts and loans as quickly as possible to avoid accumulating more interest.
Step 3: Maintain an emergency fund equal to 3-6 months' worth of income in a liquid account to prepare for unexpected expenses.
Step 4: Once the above financial foundation steps are in place, any remaining money can be considered for investment with a long-term approach and awareness of investment risks.
Factors Affecting Investor Decision Making: A Case of Nepalese Capital MarketSudarshan Kadariya
From the past decades, the financial market has been suffering from the unforeseen and sudden economic turbulences that have been directly or indirectly contributing for the stock returns. The study primarily analyzes the market reactions to tangible information and intangible information in Nepalese stock market and to examine the investors’ opinions in Nepalese stock market issues. The sample size is 185 stock investors and the response rate is 27 percent. The major findings of the study are: the capital structure and average pricing method is one factor that influence the investment decisions, the next is political and media coverage, the third factor is belief on luck and the financial education, and finally the forth component for stock market movement is trend analysis. Thus, it is concluded that both the tangible and intangible information are essential to succeed in Nepalese capital market.
Investor Awareness and Investment on Equity in Nepalese Capital MarketSudarshan Kadariya
This article discusses a study on investor awareness and investment in the Nepalese capital market. The study surveyed 100 equity investors in the secondary market, with a 73% response rate. The study found that equity investors have a high level of awareness compared to what is needed, and aware investors are more likely to hold larger equity investments. However, there is an issue with access to information for equity investors in the secondary market. The article provides background on the growth of capital markets in Nepal and the importance of investor awareness and access to information for sustainable market development.
The document discusses principles of option pricing, specifically related to puts. It covers:
1) The minimum value a put can have is 0, as it cannot be negative. The maximum value of a European put at expiration is the exercise price times 1 plus the interest rate to the power of time to maturity, while the maximum value of an American put is simply the exercise price.
2) Higher exercise prices and longer times to maturity result in higher put prices, as they provide more value. Interest rates and volatility also impact put prices, with puts having an inverse relationship with interest rates.
3) At expiration, a put's value equals its intrinsic value of max(0, exercise price - stock price
The document discusses key concepts related to options pricing including: the minimum and maximum value of a call option; factors that affect call prices such as exercise price, time to maturity, interest rates, and stock volatility; the difference between American and European style options; and the potential early exercise of American call options on dividend and non-dividend paying stocks.
The document discusses options contracts, including the key parties (buyer and seller), types of options (calls and puts), how option value is determined, and examples of calculating profit and loss for option buyers and sellers. It also defines important option terms and describes the main types of options - stock options, index options, currency options, and futures options.
The put-call parity model describes the relationship between European put and call options on the same stock with the same expiration date and exercise price. It establishes that the call price, put price, stock price, exercise price, and risk-free interest rate are all related by a specific formula. The formula shows that buying a call and shorting a put is equivalent to buying the stock and borrowing the exercise price at the risk-free rate. The document provides examples of how to use the put-call parity formula to solve for unknown variables like the stock price given option prices or the interest rate given option and stock prices. It also describes how an arbitrage opportunity could arise if the relationship described by the put-call parity model is
- The document describes binomial option pricing models for valuing European call and put options on stocks that can move up or down over one or multiple time periods.
- It provides a replicating portfolio approach to derive the option pricing formulas in one and two period binomial models.
- Estimates for the up and down movements (Ru and Rd) in a multi-period model can be derived from the mean and standard deviation of the underlying stock's returns over the time period.
- For example, with a 4 month option, 14% annual stock returns, 23% volatility, the up movement would be 12.36% and down movement -6.
The document discusses derivatives, which are financial instruments derived from underlying assets like stocks, bonds, currencies, and commodities. Derivatives include options, futures, forwards, and swaps. They allow investors to hedge risk or speculate. Derivatives gain value based on fluctuations in the underlying asset and are used for both risk management and investment purposes. Common derivative types and how they work are also explained.
This document discusses various concepts related to bond valuation including:
- Bonds provide periodic interest payments and repayment of face value at maturity as cash flows for valuation.
- Key bond features that impact valuation are coupon rate, maturity date, par/face value, current yield.
- Bond prices are sensitive to changes in market interest rates, with prices falling when rates rise.
- Bond valuation involves discounting the coupon payments and face value repayment to their present value using the required rate of return.
The document provides examples of calculating bond prices and yields using time value of money concepts. It also briefly discusses common stock valuation based on dividend payments and expected future sale price.
Views in Odoo - Advanced Views - Pivot View in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, the pivot view is a graphical representation of data that allows users to analyze and summarize large datasets quickly. It's a powerful tool for generating insights from your business data.
The pivot view in Odoo is a valuable tool for analyzing and summarizing large datasets, helping you gain insights into your business operations.
How to Configure Time Off Types in Odoo 17Celine George
Now we can take look into how to configure time off types in odoo 17 through this slide. Time-off types are used to grant or request different types of leave. Only then the authorities will have a clear view or a clear understanding of what kind of leave the employee is taking.
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Principles of Rood’s Approach
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Standardization of services and the democratization of the nepali stock market
1. Standardization of Services and the Democratization of the Nepali
Stock Market
- Sudarshan Kadariya
For comments: Su.kadariya@gmail.com
A tourist might have a problem in choosing a restaurant if there is no visibly posted rating of the
restaurants. if Grade A is considered as the highest quality and Grade C is the lowest quality of the
restaurant for its overall food and services quality, it will be difficult for Grade C restaurant to survive. The
rating system is available in our hotel industry, we also have some credit rating agencies in the context of
the financial market. As per Webster Dictionary, the rating is "an appraisal of the value of something" or
"standing or position on a scale".
There are still so many other areas where the rating is required. What would happen if there is such
grading system for education, finance and investment, healthcare and other services we use in our daily
life?
In the financial and investment services sector, this should be the right timing to discuss the need for
standardization or the rating system. The rating helps to maintain the quality of the service provided and
motivates to upgrade. For instance, currently, there is no clarity and widely accepted standard for various
designations such as who is considered as a financial analyst? Who are financial market experts? Who are
considered as Pundits? Who is Guru? Who are advisors? Who are considered as financial reporters? Is
there any guideline on how to be a financial analyst? How one can be an advisor? What should be the
benchmark of achievements to be considered as Pundits and Gurus? Is there any specific licensing
requirements or certification requirements to introduce you to these designations? etc. All these are
unsolved questions as yet in our financial industry. We hope to have them answered soon from the
concerned authorities. We expect this discussion will not point blame on anyone but encourage
stakeholders to open up and start public discussions.
In simple terms, the increased openness is called democratization. In the developed stock market,
investors have easy online access of financial market and they can start investing with no minimum
funding requirements with no skills barriers and with some innovative platform, the services are 100%
free. Investors can buy and sell financial instruments with no cost in the stock market for whatever the
amount they have and would like to invest. The free access to the public and no cost of buying and selling
is an example of the democratization of the western financial market. The benefits of democratization in
the stock market is the increased number of investors with easy access to the stock market. Increased
investment would increase the investment activities results in the overall economic expansion. Currently,
we are in a situation where the Nepal Stock Exchange is testing its online trading system. The successful
trading system should simplify the complex nature of the stock market mechanism and we expect online
system would bring some sort of stock market democratization in Nepal as well.
In one aspect, online trading will democratize the financial market i.e. the access to buying and selling will
be possible in our figure tips for more and more investors. But on the other side, are we prepared to reap
the benefits of the online trading system? The democratization of the financial market will also increase
the risk of the excessive trading activities for many stock investors which indicates that the future of Nepali
stock market will be more volatile. The beginner investors will face some challenges and possibly they
will lose money through trading play but the professional or the institutional investors might prepare to
2. adopt the changes in the market mechanism. There will be a direct play of individual investors’ psychology
and it will immediately replicate in the stock prices due to the direct access of the market in your pocket
and/or in your devices.
In the meantime, the financial market community should expect to have some strong regulatory measures
on certain misconducts. For instance, willful wrongdoing, trading malpractices, insider trading,
information leakage, etc. We hope to have some systematic procedures to implement and necessary
regulatory mechanisms to control the frequently re-occurring man-made wrong handlings, malpractices,
and the intentional wrongdoing for the sake of making quick money from the market manipulations.
Bottom line:
The discussion concludes that there is an urgent need of financial and investment services standardization
along with various designations commonly used in the Nepali stock market like as market expert, advisor,
analyst, educator, pundit, guru, etc. We need a mechanism to suggest who can use these titles. Also, the
effects of the technological advancement have finally reached out in our stock market, the current and
the upcoming changes in the stock market will certainly increase the access of the market to many small
investors and the companies willing to work in the financial market industry. We expect, going forward, a
typical Nepali family who always see investment opportunities in the saving accounts, land, and building,
gold, and silver, would also start to see opportunities in the stocks and bonds, mutual funds and
debentures. Also, we hope, the online trading system will help to increase the range of financial and
investment products and help to attract new investors both from inside the country and Nepali living
abroad would get the opportunities to invest in Nepali businesses through the stock market in Nepal.