Imprecise computing is an attractive model for digital processing at nano metric scales. Inexact computing is particularly interesting for computer arithmetic designs. This work deals about the design and analysis of two new inaccurate 4-2 compressors for utilization in a multiplier. These designs rely on different features of compression, such that imprecision in computation is measured by the error rate and the so-called normalized error distance can meet with respect to circuit-based figures of merit of a design in terms of number of transistors, delay and power consumption. The proposed approximate compressors are proposed and analyzed in Dadda multiplier. Extensive simulation results are provided and an application of the approximate multipliers to image processing is presented. The results proposed designs shows that reduced power dissipation, delay and transistor count.
The document describes the Xilinx 4000 series FPGA. It consists of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) connected through a programmable interconnect structure. Each CLB contains logic elements, flip flops, and configurable function generators. The interconnect structure includes direct connections between neighboring CLBs as well as general routing resources. Input/output blocks around the perimeter provide external connectivity. FPGAs offer advantages like rapid design times, flexibility for updates, and lower costs compared to ASICs, though ASICs can provide higher performance.
This document contains sample questions and answers related to digital signal processing and discrete-time systems. It includes questions on determining Z-transforms and region of convergence (ROC) for signals, properties of the Z-transform, determining system functions and impulse responses from difference equations, inverse Z-transforms, convolution using Z-transforms, and Fourier analysis of signals and systems. There are a total of 30 questions covering various topics in digital signal processing and discrete-time linear systems.
1.ripple carry adder, full adder implementation using half adder.MdFazleRabbi18
The document discusses different types of adders used in digital circuits, including half adders, full adders, and ripple carry adders. A half adder adds two single binary digits and produces a sum and carry output. A full adder adds three binary digits and produces a sum and carry by using a combination of half adders and logic gates. A ripple carry adder is constructed by cascading multiple full adder blocks in series, where the carry output of one stage is fed into the next as the carry input.
The document contains details about sampling a bandpass signal with varying center frequency fo from 5 kHz to 50 kHz at a sampling rate of 25 kHz.
It analyzes the ranges of fo for which the sampling rate is adequate by calculating the variation in bandwidth (k) as fo changes. It concludes that the sampling rate of 25 kHz is adequate when fo is between 5-7.5 kHz, 15-20 kHz, 25-32.5 kHz, and 35-50 kHz.
Question paper with solution the 8051 microcontroller based embedded systems...manishpatel_79
This document contains a question paper with solutions for the subject Microcontrollers from VTU's 4th semester B.E. examination from June-July 2013. The paper tests knowledge of CPU architectures like CISC, RISC, von Neumann, and Harvard. It also compares microprocessors and microcontrollers and tests understanding of interfacing 8051 microcontrollers to external memory. Finally, it examines the five addressing modes of 8051 - immediate, register, direct, indirect and indexed addressing - providing examples of each.
RF Circuit Design - [Ch2-1] Resonator and Impedance MatchingSimen Li
1) The document discusses resonators and impedance matching using lumped elements. It describes series and parallel resonant circuits, quality factor, bandwidth, and loaded/unloaded Q.
2) It also covers two-element L-shaped impedance matching networks for matching a load impedance to a source impedance. Methods for determining the reactance and susceptance values are presented for cases where the source impedance is less than or greater than the load impedance.
3) The goal of impedance matching is to maximize power transfer by making the impedances seen looking into the matching network equal to the source or transmission line impedance.
This document provides examples of VHDL code for modeling basic logic gates and multiplexers. It begins with syntax for VHDL programs and then provides behavioral VHDL code for modeling common logic gates like AND, OR, NOR, NAND, XOR and XNOR gates. It also provides code for half adder, full adder, half subtractor and full subtractor. The document further contains VHDL code examples to model a 4-to-1 multiplexer and 1-to-4 demultiplexer using different types of statements like if-else, case, when-else and with-select.
Reversible logic gates can be used to reduce heat generation in computing. Traditional irreversible logic gates necessarily generate heat from information loss, but reversible gates avoid this by not resulting in information loss. The document describes several types of reversible gates: the NOT gate, Feynman gate, Toffoli gate, and Fredkin gate. It provides details on the functionality of each gate through logic equations and VHDL code examples.
Unit 3 Arithmetic building blocks and memory Design (1).pdfShreyasMahesh
Common digital logic blocks include adders, comparators, counters, and multipliers. Adder circuits are important as addition is used in many operations like counting and multiplication. There are different types of adder circuits like ripple carry adders, carry lookahead adders, and carry select adders. Array multipliers use repeated addition and shifting of partial products to multiply numbers. Carry-save multipliers save the carry bits to reduce delay compared to array multipliers.
The document discusses implementing a full-adder and BCD-to-7 segment decoder using PROM and PAL. For the full-adder, it shows the implementation using a 3-to-8 decoder in the PROM and programmable AND and fixed OR arrays in the PAL. It also provides the truth tables and logic expressions for implementing a BCD-to-7 segment decoder using a PLA with programmable AND and fixed OR arrays.
This document discusses the basics of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) design. It begins with a brief history of transistors and integrated circuits. It then covers Moore's Law and the evolution of logic complexity in integrated circuits from single transistors to today's ultra-large scale integration. The rest of the document discusses VLSI design methodologies, including the design flow from behavioral to layout representations using a Y-chart. It emphasizes concepts like regularity, modularity, and locality to manage complexity in VLSI designs.
This document discusses various designs for digital multipliers. It begins by reviewing the basic building blocks used in digital circuits and how binary multiplication works by adding partial products. It then describes approaches for implementing multiplication, including right shift and add serial multipliers and faster parallel array and tree multipliers. Booth encoding is introduced as a technique to reduce the number of stages in a multiplier. Implementation details are provided for array and Wallace tree multipliers, including the use of compression cells like the (4,2) counter. Optimization goals for multipliers differ from adders in emphasizing reducing the critical path.
This document compares the use of complementary pass-transistor logic (CPL) to conventional CMOS design. CPL uses fewer transistors than CMOS gates, has smaller capacitances, and is faster. A 2:1 multiplexer is designed using both CMOS and CPL in Microwind and DSCH2 layout tools. Simulation results show the CPL multiplexer has lower power consumption, smaller area, faster rise/fall delays compared to the CMOS multiplexer. Therefore, CPL offers advantages over conventional CMOS in terms of speed, area, and power-delay products.
This document discusses waveguide components and their S-matrix analysis. It begins with an introduction and overview of isolators, attenuators, circulators and gyrators. It then provides detailed calculations of the S-matrix for a 3-port circulator, 2-port isolator, 2-port gyrator and 2-port attenuator. The document also discusses Faraday rotation isolators, E-plane and H-plane waveguide tees, and includes the calculation of the S-matrix for an E-plane tee.
This document discusses sequential circuits and their design. It covers:
1. The difference between combinational and sequential logic and examples like finite state machines and pipelines that require sequential logic.
2. Methods for sequencing tokens through pipelines using flip-flops, latches, and pulsed latches and the associated timing diagrams.
3. Design considerations for sequential circuits like max/min delays, time borrowing, and clock skew.
4. Circuit designs for various latches and flip-flops including transparent latches, CMOS transmission gate latches, dynamic flip-flops, and true single phase clock elements.
The document discusses asynchronous sequential circuits. It begins by defining asynchronous sequential circuits as circuits that do not use clock pulses, with the internal state changing in response to input variable changes. It then covers different types of asynchronous sequential circuits including fundamental mode and pulse mode circuits. The document outlines the analysis and design procedures for both types of circuits. This includes determining next state equations, constructing state and transition tables, and deriving flow tables to analyze fundamental mode circuits. It also discusses how to analyze and design pulse mode circuits using state tables and flip-flops. Race conditions and stability considerations are reviewed. An example of analyzing and designing a gated latch circuit is provided.
Ee6403 --unit v -digital signal processorsJeya Bright
The document discusses the architecture of a digital signal processor (DSP). It describes key components like the central processing unit, memory architecture, instruction set, and on-chip peripherals. The CPU contains an ALU, accumulators, barrel shifter, multiplier, and other functional units. It uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memories and multiple buses. Pipelining allows overlapping of instruction execution. On-chip peripherals include timers, serial ports, and a DMA controller.
This paper proposes the need of authenticated voting system in our election due to the increase in illegal voting or bogus voting in Loksabha and Rajyasabha election. Here the authentication of an individual is done using biometric and eligibility of the voter is verified using the Aadhar card. In this project, the database stored in the Aadhar card provides the reference data. Moreover, added tier of security is enforced as biometrics. The key functions of this paper are enrolment and matching. Initially, the voters’ fingerprints are enrolled and stored. Once the fingerprints are stored it can be retrieved at any time for authentication. During election, when the voter keeps his/her fingerprint the already stored Aadhar card details will be displayed from the database. An individual’s details can be deleted from the database if not required. The use of biometric requires less man power, save much time for voters and personnel, ensures accuracy, transparency and avoids bogus voting.
O documento descreve as características geográficas, climáticas e biológicas do bioma da Caatinga no nordeste do Brasil. A Caatinga é um bioma único com vegetação baixa e adaptada à seca, solo arenoso e diversas espécies endêmicas de animais e plantas. No entanto, esse bioma tem sofrido com desmatamento e processo de desertificação que ameaçam sua biodiversidade.
The main objective of this project is to develop wireless air mouse using accelerometer sensor. This implementation is done by using a sensor which
detects hand gestures. The sensor is placed on the user side, attached to the hand to sense the movement and gives the output to a PIC microcontroller
to process it. Needed modifications are done by the PIC microcontroller. These values are transmitted through a RF module to the PC. At the receiving
end a mouse control program which contains functions to control the mouse reads these values and performs many operations which is user friendly
because it helps in many ways like changing the slide, pointing purpose and for open a folder without using mouse pad.
Automated Toll Collection System used for collecting tax automatically from the moving vehicle. Here we do the identification with the help of radio
frequency. A vehicle will hold an RFID tag. This tag contains unique identification number. This unique identification number will be assigned by
RTO or traffic governing authority. Reader will be strategically placed at toll collection center. Whenever the vehicle passes the toll collection center,
the tax amount will be deducted automatically from his prepaid balance. New balance will be updated in his account. Incase if one has insufficient
balance, his updated balance will be negative one and the warning message will be send to the user. As vehicles don‟t have to stop in a queue, it
assures time saving, fuel conservation, avoid traffic congestions and also contributing in saving of money.
This document summarizes a research paper on implementing a digital notice board in schools and colleges using IoT with an audio alert system. It describes using a Raspberry Pi connected to an LCD monitor via WiFi to display notices sent from an authorized PC or mobile device. Notices can include text, images or audio messages. The system uses a three-tier architecture with an Android/web application frontend, Python backend on the Raspberry Pi, and a MySQL database to store and display notices securely only for authenticated users. An audio speaker is also included to allow playing voice notices. The system provides a low-cost wireless solution to remotely manage a digital notice board in real-time.
Este documento trata sobre el equilibrio medioambiental y el desarrollo sostenible. Explica los diferentes tipos de recursos naturales y los problemas que puede causar su sobreexplotación o contaminación, como la escasez de recursos y el cambio climático. También define el desarrollo sostenible como aquel que satisface las necesidades del presente sin comprometer las de futuro. Finalmente, analiza conceptos como la pérdida de biodiversidad y la importancia de un consumo responsable basado en las tres erres: reducir, reutilizar y recic
La comunicación es quizás el proceso más importante en la interacción social. Incluye palabras pero también gestos, movimientos corporales, distancia, intensidad, velocidad y tono que enriquecen y profundizan los mensajes. La comunicación es también un instrumento de poder y gestión. Existen convergencias entre autores sobre los procesos, interacción entre sujetos, símbolos y sistemas, y expresiones involucradas en la comunicación.
In this paper a thermal energy harvesting power supply using startup circuit for pacemaker is presented. The designed circuit does not need any external reference battery. The startup circuit includes pre-startup circuits and a startup boost converter. The pre-startup circuits are used to achieve a high efficiency and boost up the startup voltage to other circuit to operate successfully. A forward body bias technique is used to reduce a MOS threshold voltage. The startup boost converter is used to deliver the available power to the load based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme. According to LTSPICE simulation results, a minimum voltage of 40-60mV is needed for the circuit to startup and power up the device with load of 50kilo ohm. A maximum power of 120uW can be obtained from the output of the boost converter circuit.
Quantum computing - A Compilation of ConceptsGokul Alex
Excerpts of the Talk Delivered at the 'Bio-Inspired Computing' Workshop conducted by Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala.
Este documento explica el procedimiento legal de estabilidad laboral en Venezuela. Define la estabilidad laboral como el derecho de los trabajadores a mantener su puesto de trabajo y protegerse contra despidos arbitrarios. Describe dos tipos de estabilidad: absoluta para funcionarios públicos y relativa para otros trabajadores. Explica los plazos y procesos judiciales que deben seguirse cuando un empleador desea despedir a un trabajador amparado por la estabilidad laboral.
This document summarizes a research paper on developing an Android application for online voting in India. It discusses the existing manual voting system and issues like long queues and possibility of proxy voting. The proposed system uses Aadhar ID scanning, OTP authentication and voter ID verification to allow only eligible voters to cast their vote online from anywhere. It describes the system architecture involving voter registration, login, candidate selection, voting and result tabulation. The simulation outputs of the various application screens are also shown. In conclusion, the paper states that this Aadhar-based online voting app could help achieve 100% voting and reduce issues like proxy voting.
To improve the excellence of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with the help of Optical communication technology using an LED in the transmitter side and a camera receiver side, which uses an improved CMOS image sensor which is an optical communication image sensor (OCI). The OCI has a “communication pixel (CPx)” that can effectively respond to light intensity changes and an output section of a “flag image” in which only high-radiant light sources, such as LEDs, have emerge. The vehicle to vehicle communication scheme consists of the LED transmitter located on a moving front vehicle and the camera as receiver is placed on a next followed vehicle. The received information can be used for more subsequent improvement in vehicle control and to prevent from accident collisions.
Fire accidents are very dangerous and cause harm to human life and property. If these types of accidents occur in some public transport, then it’s a matter of concern. In the recent times we have seen a lot of accidents occurring in trains, and a major part of it is due to fire accidents in the compartments. This fire is not confined to just one compartment. In case the train is moving then there are chances of the fire spreading to other compartments too. To avoid such incidents, there are different methods that are in use. Most of the present day systems use detectors in the compartments to detect any fire accidents. In case of any such occurrences, the information is passed on to the driver, so that he can take necessary decision. Hence we propose a system wherein we incorporate wireless sensors and WPAN to carry out similar operations. We have also designed some extra features which cater to the safety of the passengers. At the end we are sure to get a more reliable system which also has advanced safety features incorporated in it.
This document introduces DataZoa, a data dissemination platform created by Leading Market Technologies for airports and the airline industry. DataZoa allows users to easily publish and share data, access over 200 million public time series, and keep costs low as it requires no hardware or software purchases. It highlights how DataZoa can help airports achieve missions like collecting and reporting metrics, maximizing usability of data, and staying at the leading edge of technology. Rudy Parker provides contact information to discuss further how DataZoa can deliver value for customers.
Groundwater quality of south India is depending on climate condition and bedrock geology but may also be impacted by pollution, particularly from industrial sources and agricultural activity. In the current study, 15 groundwater samples were collected from different locations in the Kinathukkadavu Taluk, Coimbatore to assess water quality for drinking as well as for irrigation purpose by analyzing the major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and F-) besides some physical and chemical parameters (pH, total hardness, electrical conductivity and total alkalinity). Statistical analysis like correlation, R- mode factor and cluster analysis were performed for demarcate the association of hydro geochemical parameters. Also groundwater quality mapping was developed using geographic information system.
Extending the longevity, is a significant job to be accomplished by these sensor networks. The traditional routing protocols could not be applied here, due to its nodes powered by batteries. Nodes are often clustered in to non-overlapping clusters, so as to provide energy efficiency. A concise overview on clustering processes, within wireless sensor networks is given in this paper. But it is difficult to replace the deceased batteries of the sensor nodes. A distinctive sensor node consumes much of its energy during wireless communication. This research work suggests the development of a hierarchical distributed clustering mechanism, which gives improved performance over the existing clustering algorithm LEACH. The two hiding concepts behind the proposed scheme are the hierarchical distributed clustering mechanism and the concept of threshold. Energy utilization is significantly reduced, thereby greatly prolonging the lifetime of the sensor nodes.
Wind energy is playing a critical role in the establishment of an environmentally sustainable low carbon economy. This paper presents an overview of wind turbine generator technologies and compares their advantages and drawbacks used for wind energy utilization. Traditionally, DC machines, synchronous machines and squirrel-cage induction machines have been used for small scale power generation. For medium and large wind turbines (WTs), the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is currently the dominant technology while permanent magnet (PM), switched reluctance and high temperature superconducting generators are all extensively researched and developed over the years. In this paper, the topologies and features of these machines are discussed with special attention given to their practical considerations involved in the design, control and operation. It is hoped that this paper provides quick reference guidelines for developing wind turbine generation systems.
The document describes the Mismatch Noise Cancellation (MNC) architecture. The key components of the MNC architecture are:
1. A pseudo-random number generator that generates random binary sequences.
2. A mismatch estimation block that estimates mismatches.
3. A noise cancellation block that corrects the effects of mismatches.
4. Synchronization elements that synchronize data flow.
Designing a Novel High Performance Four-to-Two Compressor Cell Based on CNTFE...IJECEIAES
The document describes a novel four-to-two compressor cell designed using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET) technology. The proposed cell uses Majority Function, NOR, and NAND gates. Simulations show it has lower delay, power consumption, and power-delay product compared to previous designs. The main advantage is the CARRY output is easily obtained using a Majority function. The cell shows good performance across variations in voltage, frequency, temperature, and load compared to other state-of-the-art compressor cells.
Compressor based approximate multiplier architectures for media processing ap...IJECEIAES
The document describes two new approximate multiplier designs based on a proposed 4:2 approximate compressor circuit. The proposed compressor reduces hardware complexity at the partial product reduction stage of multipliers. Error and hardware analysis shows the new designs reduce die area by up to 28% and power by up to 25.29% compared to existing designs, without a significant compromise in accuracy, making them suitable for error-tolerant media processing applications.
This document presents a design for improving the Wallace tree multiplier architecture. The conventional Wallace tree uses full adders for partial product reduction and a carry propagate adder for the final addition. The proposed design uses 3:2, 4:2, and 5:2 compressors for partial product reduction, which reduces latency compared to full adders. It also uses a Sklansky adder for the final addition stage, which has lower power and latency than other tree adders. Simulation results show the proposed design has a 3.46% reduction in delay and 11.6% reduction in power consumption compared to the conventional CMOS Wallace tree architecture operating at 50MHz.
IRJET - Design and Analysis of Kogge Stone Adder using Approximate CompressorIRJET Journal
1) The document describes the design of an approximate 16-bit Kogge Stone adder using an approximate 15-4 compressor. It aims to provide higher reliability compared to other approximate multiplier designs.
2) An overview of approximate computing techniques for multipliers is provided. Approximate computing can reduce power consumption at the cost of lower accuracy, which is acceptable for applications like image processing.
3) Various designs for an approximate 15-4 compressor are presented and analyzed in terms of error rate and distance. These compressors are then used to design approximate 16x16 multipliers to evaluate their performance.
Project report on design & implementation of high speed carry select adderssingh7603
This document provides a table of contents for a thesis on improving carry select adders. It outlines that Chapter 1 provides an introduction and motivation for reducing area, delay, and power consumption in carry select adders. Chapter 2 presents a literature review on techniques used to optimize parameters like area, delay, and power. Chapter 3 describes different types of adders used as building blocks in carry select adders, including half adders, full adders, and ripple carry adders. Chapters 4-5 present the methodology and results for implementing various carry select adder designs using different techniques to reduce costs.
Design Analysis of Delay Register with PTL Logic using 90 nm TechnologyIJEEE
This paper presents low area and power efficient delay register using CMOS transistors. The proposed register has reduced area than the conventional register. This resistor design consists of 6 NMOS and 6 PMOS. The proposed delay register has been designed in logic editor and simulated using 90nm technology. Also the layout simulation and parametric analysis has been done to find out the results. In this paper register has been designed using full automatic layout design and semicustom layout design. Then the performance of these different designs has been analyzed and compared in terms of power, delay and area. The simulation result shows that circuit design of delay register using PTL techniques improved by power 0.05% and 61.8% area.
A Novel VLSI Architecture for FFT Utilizing Proposed 4:2 & 7:2 CompressorIJERD Editor
With the appearance of new innovation in the fields of VLSI and correspondence, there is likewise a perpetually developing interest for fast transforming and low range outline. It is likewise a remarkable certainty that the multiplier unit structures a fundamental piece of processor configuration. Because of this respect, rapid multiplier architectures turn into the need of the day. In this paper, we acquaint a novel structural engineering with perform high velocity duplication utilizing old Vedic math's strategies. Another fast approach using 4:2 compressors and novel 7:2 compressors for expansion has additionally been joined in the same and has been investigated. Upon examination, the compressor based multiplier present in this paper, is just about two times quicker than the mainstream routines for augmentation. Likewise we outline a FFT utilizing compressor based multiplier. This all configuration and examinations were done on a Xilinx Spartan 3e arrangement of FPGA and the timing and zone of the outline, on the same have been ascertained.
LOW POWER-AREA DESIGNS OF 1BIT FULL ADDER IN CADENCE VIRTUOSO PLATFORMVLSICS Design
The document describes several proposed low-power, area-efficient 1-bit full adder designs implemented using Cadence Virtuoso. It summarizes previous work on full adder designs and introduces three new proposed designs: a 12-transistor design that generates the carry using GDI technique and sum using a 3T XOR module; a 10-transistor design that generates the carry using a pass transistor logic multiplexer; and an 8-transistor design that generates the carry using pass transistors. The designs aim to reduce power consumption by utilizing tri-state inverters and pass transistor logic. Simulation results on a 180nm process show up to 93.1% power savings compared to a conventional 28-trans
The document proposes a low power, high speed parallel architecture for cyclic convolution based on the Fermat Number Transform (FNT). It introduces techniques like Code Conversion without Addition (CCWA) and Butterfly Operation without Addition (BOWA) to perform FNT and inverse FNT without additions except for the final stages. This avoids modulo 2n+1 carry save additions to reduce power and delay. Modulo 2n+1 Partial Products Multipliers are used for pointwise multiplications to further improve efficiency. Simulation results show the proposed 4-2 compressor architecture achieves lower power compared to existing designs.
Low Power and Area Efficient Multiplier Layout using Transmission GateIJEEE
This paper proposes the design and implementation of a 2-bit multiplier using fully automatic design and semi- custom design. Any digital signal processor has adder and multiplier in its core unit. Low power and high speed mac units are in high demand and therefore make a significant place in today’s vlsi environment. Power consumption of cmos circuits is a major concern in vlsi design. The proposed design is made using transmission gate logicwhich helped in using less number of cmos. The multiplier circuit is first simulated using avlsi cad tool and thus the layout was generated. The proposed circuit is simulated by using 90nm cmos technology with supply voltage of 1.2v. It is found that semi-custom based design produced better results in terms of power dissipation and area.
IRJET- Comparison of Multiplier Design with Various Full AddersIRJET Journal
This document compares the design of 4x4 array and Wallace tree multipliers using different full adders. It analyzes the power consumption, area, and delay of multipliers built with conventional, transmission function, transistor-based, and hybrid (12-transistor) full adders. Simulation results show the hybrid full adder achieves the lowest power consumption of 0.8946mW for the Wallace tree multiplier, demonstrating its benefit for building low power multipliers. In conclusion, replacing existing full adders in multipliers with the proposed hybrid full adder reduces area, power consumption, and transient time.
LOW POWER-AREA GDI & PTL TECHNIQUES BASED FULL ADDER DESIGNScscpconf
Full adder circuit is functional building block of micro processors, digital signal processors or any ALUs. In this paper leakage power is reduced by using less number of transistors with the techniques like GDI (Gate Diffusion Input) and PTL (Pass Transistor Logic) techniques. In this paper 3 designs have been proposed of low power 1 bit full adder circuit with 10Transistors ( using PTL multiplexer) , 8 Transistor
(by using NMOS and PMOS PTL devices), 12Transistors (6Transistors to generate carry using GDI technique and 6Transistors to generate sum using tri state inverters).
These circuits consume less power with maximum of 73% power saving com-pare to conventional 28T design. The proposed circuit exploits the advantage of GDI technique and
pass transistor logic, and sum is generated by tri state inverter logic in all designs. The entire simulations have been done on 180nm single n-well CMOS bulk technology, in virtuoso platform of cadence tool with the supply voltage 1.8V and frequency of 100MHz.
LOW POWER-AREA GDI & PTL TECHNIQUES BASED FULL ADDER DESIGNScsandit
This document describes three new low-power full adder circuit designs with 10, 12, and 8 transistors. Simulation results show up to 73% power savings compared to a conventional 28-transistor design. The 12-transistor design generates the carry using a GDI technique and sum using tri-state inverters. The 10-transistor design uses a pass-transistor multiplexer for carry and tri-state inverters for sum. The 8-transistor design uses pass transistors for carry and tri-state inverters for sum. All designs were simulated in 180nm technology and showed improvements in power, delay, and area over previous designs.
Low power area gdi & ptl techniques based full adder designscsandit
Full adder circuit is functional building block of micro processors, digital signal processors or
any ALUs. In this paper leakage power is reduced by using less number of transistors with the
techniques like GDI (Gate Diffusion Input) and PTL (Pass Transistor Logic) techniques. In this
paper 3 designs have been proposed of low power 1 bit full adder circuit with 10Transistors
( using PTL multiplexer) , 8 Transistor
(by using NMOS and PMOS PTL devices), 12Transistors (6Transistors to generate carry using
GDI technique and 6Transistors to generate sum using tri state inverters).
These circuits consume less power with maximum of 73% power saving com-pare to
conventional 28T design. The proposed circuit exploits the advantage of GDI technique and
pass transistor logic, and sum is generated by tri state inverter logic in all designs.
The entire simulations have been done on 180nm single n-well CMOS bulk technology, in
virtuoso platform of cadence tool with the supply voltage 1.8V and frequency of 100MHz.
THE INFLUENCE OF SILICON AREA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FULL ADDERSIJCSEA Journal
Recently, the influence of the silicon area on the delay time, power dissipation and the leakage current is a
crucial issue when designing a full adder circuit. In this paper, an efficient full adder design referred to as
10-T is proposed. The new design utilized the use of XNOR gates instead of XOR in the full adder
implementation and, as a result, the delay time and power dissipation are significantly decreased. In
order, to show the influence of the silicon area and transistors count on the performance of the 10-T full
adder, it is compared to the most recent full adders : 28-T , 20T , 16-T , and 14 –T. Simulation result
based on HSPICE simulator using 16nm technology showed that the 10-T XNOR full adder significantly
improved the performance of full adder through decreasing the transistors count. In addition using the
multi-supply voltage of 130nm technology, in this case the proposed full adder demonstrated is the best
power consumption in comparison to other designs
THE INFLUENCE OF SILICON AREA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FULL ADDERSIJCSEA Journal
Recently, the influence of the silicon area on the delay time, power dissipation and the leakage current is a
crucial issue when designing a full adder circuit. In this paper, an efficient full adder design referred to as
10-T is proposed. The new design utilized the use of XNOR gates instead of XOR in the full adder
implementation and, as a result, the delay time and power dissipation are significantly decreased. In
order, to show the influence of the silicon area and transistors count on the performance of the 10-T full
adder, it is compared to the most recent full adders : 28-T , 20T , 16-T , and 14 –T. Simulation result
based on HSPICE simulator using 16nm technology showed that the 10-T XNOR full adder significantly
improved the performance of full adder through decreasing the transistors count. In addition using the
multi-supply voltage of 130nm technology, in this case the proposed full adder demonstrated is the best
power consumption in comparison to other designs.
THE INFLUENCE OF SILICON AREA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FULL ADDERSIJCSEA Journal
Recently, the influence of the silicon area on the delay time, power dissipation and the leakage current is a
crucial issue when designing a full adder circuit. In this paper, an efficient full adder design referred to as
10-T is proposed. The new design utilized the use of XNOR gates instead of XOR in the full adder
implementation and, as a result, the delay time and power dissipation are significantly decreased. In
order, to show the influence of the silicon area and transistors count on the performance of the 10-T full
adder, it is compared to the most recent full adders : 28-T , 20T , 16-T , and 14 –T. Simulation result
based on HSPICE simulator using 16nm technology showed that the 10-T XNOR full adder significantly
improved the performance of full adder through decreasing the transistors count. In addition using the
multi-supply voltage of 130nm technology, in this case the proposed full adder demonstrated is the best
power consumption in comparison to other designs
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Area and Power Efficient Up-Down counter Design by Using Full Adder ModuleIJEEE
In this paper an area and power efficient 98T Up- Down counter design has been presented by using Pass transistor logic designing technique. The proposed Up-Down counter design consist of 53 NMOS and 45 PMOS. Four PTL full adder modules has been used to design this Up-Down counter which consumes less area and power at 120 nm as compared to CMOS, TG and GDI full adder designs. The proposed Up-Down counter design is based on this area and power efficient 10 transistors PTL full adder module. The proposed Up-Down counter has been designed and simulated using DSCH 3.1 and Microwind 3.1 on 120nm. For proposed design Power variation with respect to the supply voltage has been performed on BSIM-4 and LEVEL-3 using 120nm technology. Results show that Area of proposed PTL Up- Down counter design is 1288.4 µm2 on 120nm technology. At 1.2V input supply voltage the proposed Up-Down counter design consumes 111µW power at BSIM-4.
Similar to Design and Analysis of 4-2 Compressor for Arithmetic Application (20)
In the early twentieth century, major representatives of the Jadid movement became active participants in the socio-political processes in the Turkestan region. Usmonkhoja Polatkhoja, a progressive from Bukhara, was one of the beams not only in the Emirate of Bukhara, but also in Turkestan. He first participated in the reforms and progressives, and later in the national liberation movements, and fought for the prosperity and independence of the country.This article provides information about Usmonkhoja's life and work in Jadidism, revolts, national liberation struggles, and emmigiration.
Flood is one of the natural disaster known to be part of the earth biophysical processes, which its occurrence can be devastating; due to mostly anthropogenic activities and climatological factors. The aim of the research is to identify and map the extent at which the impact of flood due to intense rainfall and rise in water in the study area using geospatial techniques and the specific objectives are to carry out terrain analysis of the study area and to generate flood indicator maps of the study area. The study analyzed rain fall data;, the drainage system and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM 30m) of the area. ArcGIS 10.8 was to modelled and to generate the contributing factors map of the study area. The drainage system was generated through on-screen digitization of topographic map of scale 1:50,000 of Ondo South-West. The mean annual rainfall of Lagos State was generated in the ArcGIS environment from the rainfall data through spatial analysis tool. The SRTM was used in terrain analysis of the study area. The results generated showed the lowest mean annual rain fall of the area 1,700mm and the highest mean annual rain fall was 2,440mm. Digital elevation model (DEM), slope, flow direction were generated from the SRTM. Drainage density of the area was generated using the drainage system. The slope map of the entire area which are classified into five slope classes of very high (14%-48.5%) to high (7.6%-13.9%) to moderately high (4.2%-7.6%) to low (1.5%-4.2%) and very low (0. % - 1.2%).
Work study is a catch-all phrase encompassing a variety of methodologies, including method research and work measurement, that are applied in a variety of contexts and lead to a systematic assessment of all elements that affect the efficiency and economy of the situation under evaluation that is meant to be improved. The main aim of this study is to examine and enhance the process token in manufacturing a Perfume of the famous, well-known, aromatic, and beautiful Taif Roses. Some changes in the process has been suggested using method study and time study method which lead to reduction in process time, labor cost and production cost.
Workers are the maximum precious method of an association. Their importance to institutions requires not most effective the want to draw the trendy bents but additionally the need to preserve them for a long term. This paper specializes in reviewing the findings of former research carried out with the aid of colourful experimenters with the quit to identify determinants factors of hand retention. This exploration almost looked at the subsequent broad factors improvement openings, reimbursement, work- lifestyles balance, operation/ management, work terrain, social aid, autonomy, training and improvement.
Watering plants during the correct time is very important due to scientific reasons. Both underwatering, as well as overwatering, can lead to the growth of unhealthy plants or in extreme cases, the death of the plant/tree. These issues which are the case with most self-gardeners and plant lovers can be solved using the smart irrigation technique. The main purpose of this innovation is to assist plant lovers to continue their passion to grow plants at home with ease. Smart irrigation system helps in monitoring the moisture level which majorly affects plant growth besides other factors such as sunlight, fertility of the soil, etc. The digital planting pot has been designed in a way that it effectively incorporates the idea of smart irrigation. Arduino Uno R3 has been used as the main chip in this project along with a few other components like a soil moisture sensor, relay, and water pump. This project requires coding to synchronize all the components, and function properly. A required test has been carried out to review the functioning of the mechanism. The project was tested by once using the soil with enough moisture in the pot and then the soil with the least moisture. Both times, it worked exactly how it was supposed to function. When the soil with the least moisture was tested, there was a clear indication of a low level of moisture and accordingly, the water pump got triggered to water the plant, and when the soil with enough moisture was tested, there was again the clear indication of the correct level of moisture and the water pump was inactive. All the readings which were displayed on the LCD were checked back and forth during the project. The outcomes were the same as expected. Hence, it shows that every component in this project is actively functioning and the whole project is effectively designed.
Because of its accessibility and flexibility, cloud technology is among the most notable innovations in today's world. Having many service platforms, such as GoogleApps by Google, Amazon, Apple, and so on, is well accepted by large enterprises. Distributed cloud computing is a concept for enabling every-time, convenient, on-demand network access to processing resources including servers, storage devices, networks, and services that may be mutually configured. The major security risks for cloud computing as identified by the Cloud security alliance (CSA) have been examined in this study. Also, methods for resolving issues with cloud computing technology's data security and privacy protection were systematically examined.
This study's goal is to present Solutions for Determining the importance level of criteria in creating cultural resources’ attractiveness from tourists’ evaluation. Data were collected from 558 international tourists who chose Vietnam as the destination for tourism.
The study points out that we need to resolve challenges such as: building a safe, friendly destination, etc., destinations need to review and re-evaluate the services of their products and tourist attractions to prepare for the largest number of visitors and stimulate the domestic tourism market is a good solution: To boost the domestic tourism market, it is necessary to increase domestic flights and train connections to major tourist destinations.
A new convenient and efficient route for the synthesis of two very important hydroxo-bridged stepped-cubane copper complexes viz: [Cu4(bpy)4Cl2(OH)4]Cl2.6H2O (1) and [Cu4(phen)4Cl2(OH)4]Cl2.6H2O (2) have been obtained. This synthetic route from the mononuclear CubpyCl2 complex is easier, more reproducible and afforded the complex in a much higher yield than the other two previously reported procedures which were equally serendipitously discovered. The purity and formation of the complexes were confirmed with elemental (C,H,N) analysis and the details of the UV-Vis, Fourier transform infrared, electrospray ionization mass spectra of both complexes and the single crystal X-ray crystallography of 1 are presented and discussed. X-ray crystallography confirms the absolute structure of the complexes. The complexes were formed via the connection of four copper atoms to four hydroxide bridging ligands and four bipyridyl ligands with two chloride ligands. There are two coordinate environments around two pairs of copper atoms (CuN2ClO2 and CuN2O3) and each copper atom is pentacoordinate with square pyramidal geometry.
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., which is commonly known as jackfruit is a tropical fruit, belonging to Moraceae family, native to Western Ghats of India and common in Asia, Africa, and some regions in South America. It is known to be the largest edible fruit in the world. The Jackfruit is an extremely versatile and sweet tasting fruit that possess high nutritional value. Jackfruit is rich in nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. The jackfruit has diverse medicinal uses especially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral properties, anticancer and antifungal activity, anthelminthic activity. Traditionally, this plant is used in the treatment of various diseases especially for treatment against inflammation, malarial fever, diarrhoea, diabetes and tapeworm infection. Jackfruit is a good natural source of phytochemicals such as phenolics, flavonoids and tannins, saponins. The health benefits of jackfruit have been attributed to its wide range of physicochemical applications. The use of jackfruit bulbs and its parts has also been reported since ancient times for their therapeutic qualities. The beneficial physiological effects may also have preventive application in a variety of pathologies.
Myogenic differentiation requires to be exactly explored for the effective treatment of fracture. The speed of healing is affected by skeletal muscle, linked to activation of specific myogenic transcription factors during the repair process. In previous study, we discovered that psoralen enhanced differentiation of osteoblast in primary mouse. In the current study, we show that psoralen stimulates myogenic differentiation through the secretion of factors to hone the quality of repair in fractured mice. 3-month old mice were treated with corn oil or psoralen followed by a tibial fracture surgery. Fractures were tested 7, 14, and 21 days respectively later by histology and images observation. Skeletal muscles including soleus muscle and posterior tibial muscle around the damaged bone were collected for quantitative real-time PCR, HE staining, as well as western blot. Daily treatment with psoralen at seven, fourteen days or twenty-one days improves protein or mRNA levels responsible for the whole myogenic differentiation process, makes the muscle fibers more tightly aligned, and promotes callus formation and development. This data shows that high levels of myogenic transcription factors in the process of fracture healing in mice foster the repair of damaged muscles, and indicates a pharmacological approach that targets myogenic differentiation to improve fracture repair. This also reflects the academic thought of "paying equal attention to both muscles and bones" in the prevention and treatment of fracture healing.
The current pandemic has generated the search for new reliable and economic alternatives for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, which produces the COVID-19 disease, one of the recommendations by the World Health Organization, is the detection of the virus by RT-qPCR methods from upper respiratory tract samples. The discomfort of the pharyngeal nasopharyngeal swab described by patients, the requirement of trained personnel, and the generation of aerosols, are factors that increase the risk of infections in this type of intake. It is known that the main means of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is through aerosols or small droplets, which is why saliva is important as a relevant means of detecting COVID-19. In this study, a modified method based on SARS-CoV-2 RNA release from saliva is described, avoiding the isolation and purification of the genetic material and its quantification of viral copies; the results are compared with paired pharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab samples (EF/EN). Results showed good agreement in saliva samples compared to EF/EN samples. On average, a sensitivity for virus detection of 80% was demonstrated in saliva samples competing with EF/EN samples. The use of saliva is a reliable alternative for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by means of RT-PCR in the first days of infection, having important advantages over the conventional method. Saliva still needs to be studied completely to evaluate the detection capacity of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, however, the described process is viable, due to the decrease in materials and supplies, process times, the increment in the sampling and improvement of laboratory performance.
A recent study establishes that since 1970, there has been an ecological gap between human needs and the planet's resources, with annual resource demand exceeding the bio-productivity of the planet. Specifically, humanity utilises equivalent of 1.75 earths to produce the ecological resources used, with half of this attributable to food consumption. The present work therefore seeks to provide an empirically-based insight into the environmental sustainability of the EF of food consumption in Ijebu Ode. A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used, and primary data were collected from 400 systemically sampled households via structured questionnaires and analysed descriptively using Microsoft Excel and inferentially using mathematical models for calculating ecological footprints. Findings revealed that the household EF of food consumption in Ijebu Ode is 0.05gha per capita, with the footprint of cereal consumption (0.17gha; 37%) taking the major share, followed by meat with a footprint of 0.11gha (23.9%). As a result, it was concluded that Ijebu Ode has sustainable food consumption, which is necessary for its environmental sustainability. However, the sustenance of the former requires creating awareness of the need for sustainable consumption and prioritisation of integrated and population-wide policies and food intervention initiatives to encourage attitudinal change in favour of sustainable food consumption while fostering sustainable food production strategies amidst current environmental realities.
The symmetry occurs in most of the phenomena explained by physics, for example, a particle has positive or negative charges, and the electric dipoles that have the charge (+q) and (-q) which are at a certain distance (d), north or south magnetic poles and for a magnetic bar or magnetic compass with two poles: North (N) and South (S) poles, spins up or down of the electron at the atom and for the nucleons in the nucleus In this form, the particle should also have mass symmetry. For convenience and due to later explanations, I call this mass symmetry or mass duality as follows: mass and mass cloud. The mass cloud is located in the respective orbitals given by the Schrödinger equation. The orbitals represent the possible locations or places of the particle which are determined probabilistically by the respective Schröndiger equation.
Metal-organic molybdenum complexes were synthesized by the hydrothermal method using ammonium heptamolybdate as the metallic source, and as the organic ligand terephthalic acid (BDC) or bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), obtained via glycolysis of poly(ethylene)terephthalate (PET). The BDC-Mo and BHET-Mo complexes were characterized by XRD, N2 physisorption, TGA, ATR-FTIR, SEM, XPS and their in vitro biocompatibility was tested by porcine fibroblasts viability. The results show that molybdates (MoO4-2) are coordinated to the carbonyl functional groups of BDC and BHET by urea bonding (-NH-CO-NH-) which is related to their high biocompatibility and high thermal stability. These organic molybdate complexes possess rectangular prism particles made up of rods arrays characteristics of molybdenum oxides (MoO3). The organic complexes BDC-Mo and BHET-Mo do not show to be cytotoxic for porcine dermal fibroblasts growing on their surface for up to 48 h of culture.
Exercise training with varying intensity increases maximal oxygen intake (VO2max), a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Purpose: The aim of this study was to find out the influence of low intensity aerobic training on the vo2 max in 11 to 14 years school girls in Hyderabad district. Methodology: The research scholar has randomly selected thirty (N=30) high school girls were selected as subjects and their age ranged between 11 to 14 years. The subjects were divided into two equal groups, each group consist of 15 total 30. Group one acted as experimental group (EG) and group two acted as control group (CG). The dependent variable vo2 max was selected and it is measured by manual test. Statistical Tool: The statistical tool paired sample ‘t’ test was used for analysing of the data and the obtained ‘t’ ratio was tested for significance at 0.05 level of confidence. Results: The analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant improvement on vo2 max by the application of low intensity aerobic.
Hybrid rice has the potential to outperform existing inbred rice and was said to have the potential to produce 14-20 % more yield. In response, Malaysia Government has introduced its very own first Hybrid Rice Variety knew as Kadaria 1 developed by MARDI. This is in line with one of the strategies outlined in Dasar Agromakanan Negara (DAN) 2011-2020 as an approach to increasing rice productivity within Malaysia. The next step would be developing our hybrid seed rice production system. Therefore, an experiment to determine the planting ratio and planting distance between 0025A (A)-a hybrid with MR283 (R)-inbreed variety was carried out. Planting ratios studied in this study were 2:4, 2:6, 2:8, and 2:10 while planting distance was 14 x 30 cm, 16 x 30 cm, and 18 x 30 cm. Statistical analyses suggested that yield R, yield A, and panicle number A were significantly affected by planting ratios while yield A was significantly affected by an interaction between planting distance and planting ratios. Panicle number A performed significantly higher at planting ratios of 2:4 compared to 2:10. Yield R shows higher significant performance under ratio 2:6 compared to 2:4 and 2:8. Relatively, yield A performed the best under planting distance of 18 x 30 cm. Furthermore, under this particular planting distance, the planting ratio of 2:10 shows the highest significant figure while 2:8 exhibits statistical parity. Both yield R and yield A were significantly affected by planting ratios and have a significant positive association with each other. Therefore, the planting ratio of 2:10 should be the best since it contributed to significantly highest value for yield A while yield R under 2:10 shows statistical parity with 2:6 which was the highest significant value. In conclusion, the combination of 2:10 with a planting distance of 18 x 30 cm was the best since it shows best potential for both yields A and yield R
This document summarizes a study on cassava production systems in the Tivaouane department of Senegal. Key findings include:
- Cassava is an important crop for food security but production in Senegal remains low compared to other African countries.
- The study examined farming practices through surveys of 85 producers in 8 communes across two agro-ecological zones.
- Analysis showed cassava is only grown during rainy season with traditional cultivation methods. Four of five recommended varieties were grown, with different varieties preferred in each zone.
Cassava plays an important role in improving food security and reducing poverty in rural areas. Despite its importance, its production in Senegal remains low compared to other African countries. Nowadays, it is confronted with numerous constraints. It is in this context that a study was conducted on the cassava production system in the Thiès "cassava granary" region, with the objective of examining farmers' cultivation practices. It was conducted in eight communes located in the department of Tivaouane, some of which are located in the Niayes agro-ecological zone and others in the central-northern groundnut basin. Surveys were conducted among the largest cassava producers in these communes. Analysis of the results showed that cassava is only grown in the rainy season with the same cultivation practices that have been used for years. Of the five varieties listed by the President of the Senegalese Cassava Interprofession, only four are grown in the areas surveyed. The Terrasse (43%) and Kombo (36%) varieties are grown more by our respondents in the Niayes area. Soya (75%) and Wallet "Parydiey" (20% of our sample) dominate in the central-northern groundnut basin.
We are witnessing very demanding and stressful times in which we live, and an occupation that is particularly exposed to stress and different working conditions is the job of a nurse. Exposing themselves to everyday challenges and stressful situations, nurses reach a stage of great emotional and physical exhaustion, lethargy, dissatisfaction, and poorer work achievements, which we know as burnout. The aim of this paper was to determine whether there is and to what extent professional burnout is present in nurses and technicians working in nursing homes across Slovenia and Croatia. The paper is answering the questions of the extent of the burnout influenced by individual characteristics (age, education, years of service and work experience at the current workplace). The study involved a validated questionnaire “The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI)” to measure professional burnout. Surveying of the nurses was conducted online at their home institutions. The results show that all respondents have a medium or high level of professional burnout, while no one has a low level or shows no signs of burnout. In terms of age, the group from 55-65 years of age had the highest relative level of burnout in the age group category. With regard to education, the highest burnout was measured in registered nurses.
This document discusses hepatitis and its transmission through needlestick injuries. It covers the different types of hepatitis viruses, their epidemiology, risk factors, and transmission. Healthcare workers are at high risk of contracting hepatitis B and C through needlestick injuries involving contaminated needles and sharps. Dental professionals face increased risk due to exposure to blood and saliva. The document recommends vaccination, safe handling of needles and sharps, and post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent transmission of hepatitis viruses occupationally.
More from Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore (20)
Demonstration module in Odoo 17 - Odoo 17 SlidesCeline George
In Odoo, a module represents a unit of functionality that can be added to the Odoo system to extend its features or customize its behavior. Each module typically consists of various components, such as models, views, controllers, security rules, data files, and more. Lets dive into the structure of a module in Odoo 17
Life of Ah Gong and Ah Kim ~ A Story with Life Lessons (Hokkien, English & Ch...OH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation of a fictitious story that imparts Life Lessons on loving-kindness, virtue, compassion and wisdom.
The texts are in Romanized Hokkien, English and Chinese.
For the Video Presentation with audio narration in Hokkien, please check out the Link:
https://vimeo.com/manage/videos/987932748
How to Make a Field Storable in Odoo 17 - Odoo SlidesCeline George
Let’s discuss about how to make a field in Odoo model as a storable. For that, a module for College management has been created in which there is a model to store the the Student details.
Codeavour 5.0 International Impact Report - The Biggest International AI, Cod...Codeavour International
Unlocking potential across borders! 🌍✨ Discover the transformative journey of Codeavour 5.0 International, where young innovators from over 60 countries converged to pioneer solutions in AI, Coding, Robotics, and AR-VR. Through hands-on learning and mentorship, 57 teams emerged victorious, showcasing projects aligned with UN SDGs. 🚀
Codeavour 5.0 International empowered students from 800 schools worldwide to tackle pressing global challenges, from bustling cities to remote villages. With participation exceeding 5,000 students, this year's competition fostered creativity and critical thinking among the next generation of changemakers. Projects ranged from AI-driven healthcare innovations to sustainable agriculture solutions, each addressing local and global issues with technological prowess.
The journey began with a collective vision to harness technology for social good, as students collaborated across continents, guided by mentors and educators dedicated to nurturing their potential. Witnessing the impact firsthand, teams hailing from diverse backgrounds united to code for a better future, demonstrating the power of innovation in driving positive change.
As Codeavour continues to expand its global footprint, it not only celebrates technological innovation but also cultivates a spirit of collaboration and compassion. These young minds are not just coding; they are reshaping our world with creativity and resilience, laying the groundwork for a sustainable and inclusive future. Together, they inspire us to believe in the limitless possibilities of innovation and the profound impact of young voices united by a common goal.
Read the full impact report to learn more about the Codeavour 5.0 International.
Open Source and AI - ByWater Closing Keynote Presentation.pdfJessica Zairo
ByWater Solutions, a leader in open-source library software, will discuss the future of open-source AI Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAGs). Discover how these cutting-edge technologies can transform information access and management in special libraries. Dive into the open-source world, where transparency and collaboration drive innovation, and learn how these can enhance the precision and efficiency of information retrieval.
This session will highlight practical applications and showcase how open-source solutions can empower your library's growth.