The presentation covers following areas:
- Typical Problems in Construction Industry
- What is BIM?
-BIM Process
- Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
- BIM Application
- BIM Advantages
- BIM Workflow
- BIM & Project Management
- BIM & Design Team Members
- BIM around the Globe
- Construction Industry with BIM
All work presented in the presentation is carried out by graduates of NUST, Islambad including Abdul Mughees Khan, Syed Kashif Ali Shah, Sharjeel Ahmad Tariq, Malik Awais Ahmad and Hamza Khan Shinwari.
Special credit of the work goes to Engr Tahir Shamshad, Vice President NESPAK and Engr Zia Ud Din, Asst Professor NUST under guidance and mentor ship the whole work was performed.
For more details feel free to contact: amugheeskhan@gmail.com
The document discusses the application of building information modeling (BIM) in the construction industry. It describes the various stakeholders involved in construction projects such as architects, engineers, quantity surveyors, contractors, and how BIM benefits and supports their work. BIM allows for improved collaboration, more efficient design and construction processes, enhanced visualization of designs, and reduced errors and rework. The document provides examples of how BIM is used by different stakeholders during various stages of construction projects.
This document discusses Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its implementation. It begins with definitions of BIM and explains its benefits such as better project outcomes, cost savings, and reduced risks. It then discusses challenges of BIM implementation including lack of expertise, resistance to change, and perceived costs. Key pillars for successful BIM implementation are identified as having a clear vision, leadership, and implementing incremental integrated changes. Methods for fitting BIM to different scales are provided along with common mistakes to avoid. The document concludes with discussions of project controls, optimization, and return on investment when using BIM.
Guest Lecture: "BIM & Sustainability" for the MSc. BIM & Integrated Design Summer School 2016. University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
Covers:
1. Sustainable Design
2. BIM for Sustainable Design Decision Making
3. BIM for Sustainable Design Compliance (BREEAM example)
4. BIM for Sustainable Design Performance (Passivhaus example)
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a process that uses 3D modeling software to virtually design and engineer a building before it is constructed. BIM allows for more efficient planning, design, construction and management of buildings. It contains both graphical and non-graphical information about the building. There are different levels of BIM implementation from 2D drawings to full collaboration across disciplines. BIM brings benefits like improved visualization, reduced costs and delays, better coordination between specialties, and automated quantity take-offs. While adoption of BIM faces challenges like software costs and transition time, its use is expected to grow as the main method for building construction and management.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a powerful tool for visualizing and virtually constructing in 3D. It is also a database where the information and process for adding data is equally powerful, giving owners and operators the ability to integrate BIM into Facility Management (FM) software and use the model to manage the facility over the building's lifecycle. Learn about Building Information Models and how BIM reinforces collaboration and helps project teams deliver better products and services.
BIM Dimensions Explained- 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D and 7D- Definition and BenefitsUnited-BIM
A BIM model can be utilized for pre-defined specific purposes, commonly known as use-cases. According to project stage requirements and project complexity, specific parameters are added to the existing information contained in BIM. These additions of pre-defined used cases can be described as BIM dimensions.
These dimensions enhance the data associated with a model to share a greater level of understanding of a construction project.
In the modern era, BIM technology has evolved from basic 3D & 4D dimensions to more sophisticated 5D, 6D & 7D dimensions that are poised to change the future of the AEC industry.
- Building information modeling (BIM) is a process that involves creating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of buildings.
- BIM adds the 4th dimension of time and 5th dimension of cost to a 3D model, allowing analysis of how a facility will be planned, designed, constructed, and operated.
- BIM provides various benefits such as improved coordination, visualization, productivity, cost savings, and reduced project time. It also enables simulation and analysis of building performance.
BIM programs and practices can greatly impact productivity in the construction industry. BIM allows for improved coordination between teams, which reduces errors and rework. Studies show that BIM users report fewer errors in design and less rework during construction. They also see improved communication and reduced project timelines. When implemented properly with trained staff, BIM supports gathering and sharing information across projects to help optimize results and efficiency throughout the construction process.
BIM is a process for generating and managing building data throughout the lifecycle of a building using 3D modeling software. It applies to all aspects of building construction from design through facilities management. BIM brings together information about all building components, integrates different aspects more effectively, reduces mistakes, and minimizes costs. It is used by architects, contractors, owners, planners, designers, and engineers.
This document discusses Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its benefits throughout the different phases of a building's lifecycle. BIM is a process that involves creating and managing digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of buildings. The document outlines the history of BIM and explains how it supports integrated project teamwork and decision making from design through construction, operations, and management. Key software that supports BIM implementation is also mentioned.
The seminar discussed Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its advantages over traditional CAD. BIM is a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a building and extends beyond 2D and 3D drawings to represent a building's width, height, time, cost and environmental impacts. It allows for more collaborative work and better decision making compared to CAD. Popular BIM software includes Revit, BIM 360 and Archicad. While BIM provides benefits like simulation and parametric modeling, it also faces challenges like a lack of specialists and software incompatibility. The seminar concluded that BIM is a promising new approach that saves time and improves construction quality through better communication of information.
BIM Lecture Note (5/6)
Objectives
* The challenges of Building Construction Project
* To understand what is IPD & LEAN Construction
* To understand Asset Lifecycle Management (iBIM)
*How to apply ALM & BIM to enable LEAN Construction
Question
* How iBIM can be applied to enable IPD & LEAN Construction?
Building Information Modeling (BIM) allows architects, designers, engineers, and contractors to collaborate more efficiently on a construction project using 3D models. By working from the same BIM models, a project can be designed, built, and managed with greater accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional 2D documentation. Making manufacturer's BIM content available enables architects and designers to more easily use their products, which can increase sales for the manufacturer.
In this presentation, a quick but comprehensive introduction to Building Information Modeling (BIM) is provided, aiming at showing the benefits of BIM for all the actors of a construction project.
BIM Execution Plan (BEP) helps to define a foundational framework to ensure successful deployment of advanced design technologies on our BIM-enabled project.
Property Name: Broward County Judicial Complex (BCJC) Midrise Office
Location: 540 SE 3rd Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Project Type: Full Renovation
Sector: Government
Services Rendered: Architectural Designing
Property Owner: Broward County
LEED Certification: GOLD
BIM ROLES AND RESPONSIBLITIES DURING CONSTRUCTION:
The Architecture/Engineering (A/E) design team will develop LOD 300 BIM models during the bidding/permitting phase to incorporate County comments, permitting comments, pre-construction RFI’s, and any coordination changes prior to construction.
The construction team (GC) shall work with Owner and design team to develop the Virtual design & Construction (VDC) plan based on BEP version 3.5 for implementation during construction, to include BIM uses such as: 3D Coordination (clash detection), Phase Planning (4D Modeling), Digital Fabrication, Cost Estimation (quantity take-offs), Existing Conditions Modeling, Space Management and Tracking, and COBie information input into Revit models.
Latest Revit models shall be provided to the GC after permits are approved and at issuance of Notice to Proceed 1 to GC, for development of the LOD 350/400/500 models (shop drawings) as defined by BIM forum and as required by County.
Not all items may need to be developed to LOD 350/400. GC shall coordinate with County and develop MEP-FP, Architectural & Structural items to LOD level required for each discipline as directed by County.
Once construction begins, the GC shall be responsible for all LOD 350/400/500 Revit model developments and any changes to COBie data based on field verification, constructability, final product selection & installation.
The GC shall use BIM 360 Field for the gathering of COBie field data from Construction Manager/ Superintendent and all sub-contractors in order to integrate all information into the BIM models throughout construction.
GC shall review subcontractors BIM proficiency and qualifications.
For instances where drawing modifications are required from A/E team to provide sketches, Supplemental Instructions, etc.
Construction team (GC) shall be responsible to provide a location and access for the upload/ download of the latest Revit models by A/E teams to add information, answer RFI’s, etc. Construction team (GC) shall keep daily backups of all models. Should the GC give ownership of the same model to multiple subcontractors, the GC shall be responsible for organizing and merging all new information into one model including, but not limited to: shop drawing sheets, views, updated Revit components, COBie information, etc.
At the end of construction phase, the GC shall provide as-built full size drawings and PDFs and transfer the latest Revit models to the A/E team for Review.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an integrated software that simulates the entire construction design process, including materials, boundaries, and requirements. BIM manages graphical displays, construction details, and data, allowing architects and engineers to easily create drawings, reports, and analyze designs. It simulates infrastructure in a few clicks and empowers facilities management and material purchasing. BIM eliminates data redundancy, supports standards, and saves costs through interconnected digital design. It helps track asset management, construction sequencing, information sharing, and ensures all stakeholders have up-to-date information to implement BIM throughout the construction process.
This document provides information about Building Information Modeling (BIM) training offered by Jupiter Technologies. BIM is a process of digitally representing a building to contain data about the building's physical and functional characteristics. Jupiter Technologies offers both introductory and advanced BIM training courses lasting 50-100 days using software like Revit, Navisworks, and Dynamo. The training aims to equip students with in-demand BIM skills and knowledge for roles in architecture, engineering, and construction.
Building information modeling (BIM) allows project teams to visualize, simulate, and analyze a building design using a 3D parametric model before construction begins. This model represents all physical and functional aspects of the building and enables seamless sharing of information throughout the project lifecycle. BIM facilitates improved coordination, identification of issues, and changes between owners, architects, engineers, and contractors compared to traditional document-based approaches. It also supports increased prefabrication, construction planning, and post-occupancy facility management.
This document discusses the use of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). It provides an introduction to RAC, including that it is made from crushed construction and demolition debris. The document then summarizes relevant literature on RAC properties. It describes the experimental methodology used to process and test RAC, including mix proportions, slump tests, compression tests, and modulus of elasticity tests. The results showed that compressive strength decreases with higher percentages of recycled aggregates, but 75% recycled aggregates achieved strengths close to normal concrete. The document concludes with recommendations that RAC can be used for lower grade applications and construction with it provides economic and environmental benefits.
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Ahmad H. Maharma - PMP®
Ramallah, Palestine
Phone: + (972) (2) 2968644
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Keynote Speech
Mr. Kevin POOLEChairman, Committee on Environment, Innovation and Technology, Construction Industry Council
HKIPM‐HKIBIM Joint Conference: BIM in Project Management
Details of Conference
Date: 2‐Apr‐2014 (Wed)
Time: 2:00 pm – 5:00 pm
Venue: Chiang Chen Studio Theatre – The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Organizers:
Hong Kong Institute of Project Management (HKIPM)
http://www.hkipm.org.hk/
The Hong Kong Institute of Building Information Modelling (HKIBIM)
http://www.hkibim.org
Sole Sponsor:
建造業議會 - Construction Industry Council
http://www.hkcic.org/
presentation by Paul Wilkinson to CIMCIG BIM conference, Building Centre, London WC1 on Wednesday 25 April 2012.
Presentation explains what BIM is (and isn't), and outlines why it has become important in 2012, as the UK construction industry looks to meet a UK Government BIM deadline by 2016.
This document discusses Building Information Modeling (BIM). It defines BIM as an intelligent model-based process that provides insight to help plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure. The document outlines the key aspects of BIM including 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D, and 7D modeling; software used; benefits; Industry Foundation Classes; BIM cloud; BIM maturity; and use of BIM in India and abroad. It also discusses some drawbacks of BIM such as complexity of software, cost, and lack of expertise in India.
Revit Modeling India is a precursor in the application of the BIM software, methods and processes in the building engineering and construction sectors holding on to current project BIM requirements. Our experience with outsourcing has enabled us to understand the requirements of international customers and constantly provide reliable engineering services for a wide spectrum of industries. Revit Modeling India offers complete solutions for BIM technology from 3D modeling in Revit, 4D-enabling the manipulation of models through time, 5D-incorporating cost data, nD-extrapolating energy utilization and sustainability performance.
Our team of expert professionals is well aware of every latest software that is utilized to carry out the MEP Outsourcing Services. We have a team of young, dynamic, variedly experienced and certified engineers that drives the way of Our Company towards the success. Our experience ranges the sectors, including healthcare, education, residential, stadia, retail, commercial and mixed-use projects. Our main goal of Outsourcing MEP Design Services has controlled the overall costs and complete the undertaken project in short period of time.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is more than a new technology;
it is an innovative approach to the entire design, construction, and
maintenance process. Many of the agencies and organizations
involved in the building industry have their own definitions of BIM,
but they all have a similar feel to that of the National BIM Standard
definition
The document discusses the different section assignment options for slabs and walls in ETABS - membrane, shell, and plate. Membrane sections have no out-of-plane stiffness and cannot contribute to resisting bending moments, while plate sections have full out-of-plane stiffness but no in-plane stiffness. Shell sections have both. The effects of each assignment are verified in models of a simple slab. Membrane assignment results in zero slab moments and increased beam moments. Shell and plate assignments produce similar results that account for slab contribution, with lower beam moments. Recommendations are provided on appropriate usage of each section type.
Numerical and experimental impact analysis of square crash box structure with...sahril afandi sitompul
The document summarizes a thesis defense presentation on the numerical and experimental impact analysis of square crash box structures with holes. The presentation covers:
1) An introduction outlining the research background and objectives on studying crashworthy lightweight vehicle structures.
2) A theoretical analysis of axial crushing mechanisms and modeling of the square columns as thin-walled structures in LS-DYNA using explicit finite element methods.
3) Results showing good agreement between numerical and experimental crushing force curves and parameters for columns with different hole diameters and numbers of holes.
This document provides step-by-step instructions for modeling, analyzing, and designing a 10-story reinforced concrete building using ETABS. It describes creating the model grid and defining material properties. It also details drawing structural members like beams, columns, slabs, and shear walls and assigning section properties. The document specifies loading cases, analysis options, and design codes. It concludes with running analyses, design, and checking story drift. The overall objective is to demonstrate modeling and design of a reinforced concrete building using static lateral force procedure.
This document summarizes a research paper on detecting intruders in a wireless sensor network using low-power passive infrared (PIR) sensors. It presents an algorithm that uses the Haar transform and support vector machines to distinguish intruder signatures from clutter signatures in the sensor data. The algorithm was tested through simulations and field experiments, achieving detection rates over 90% while minimizing false alarms. However, limitations were observed when testing in high-clutter summer conditions. An analytical model of intruder signatures suggests that velocity and direction information cannot be extracted from a single sensor but may require a network of spatially distributed sensors.
Building Energy parametric optimization / collaborationTero Järvinen
This document discusses using a collaborative "knotworking" approach in the early design phase of construction projects. It describes a case study of using parametric energy simulation to optimize building energy usage. Key points:
- Knotworking involves workshops with various experts to solve targeted problems, allowing collaboration even without integrated project delivery contracts.
- A parametric energy simulation was conducted using a spatial building model, automatically generating walls and windows to test multiple envelope variations and optimize energy consumption.
- Over 2000 simulation cases per hour allowed analyzing different parameter combinations like wall types and window sizes to identify realistic starting points for the next design phase.
This document outlines the challenges of managing human resources in the construction industry and construction organizations. It discusses 5 units that will be covered related to human resource development for construction, including challenges in managing construction projects and organizations, strategic and operational human resource management approaches, employee empowerment and diversity, employee welfare, and legal aspects of human resource development. Some key challenges highlighted include the unique and transient nature of construction projects, demanding clients, a male-dominated culture, variable demand, a shrinking labor market, high employee turnover, and extensive subcontracting.
James McKenzie, Director of the Center for Excellence at Swinerton Incorporated, presented on utilizing BIM during the project lifecycle for smarter facade delivery and higher performance buildings. The presentation discussed the history of curtain wall design and technological progression, importance of integrated project delivery and collaboration, and how BIM can be used from early planning through operations to improve coordination and identify opportunities. BIM allows information to be linked from initial programming to 3D concept models and cost models to validate the program and facilitate early decision making.
BIM Lecture Note (6/6)
Objectives
* To understand how BIM project is implemented and its challenges
Question
* How to execute a successful BIM project?
www.mtech.com.hk
BIM in Practice - An Architect's PerspectiveThe NBS
Anthony Harte, Director, James and WARD Limited explored BIM from an architect's perspective at the NBS Bim for Manufacturers event at the Royal College of Physicians on 4 April 2017.
How to save time and money on your BIM project with cloud collaborationCarrie Raynham
How can you make your BIM investment pay even greater dividends? Learn how to overcome project collaboration challenges and boost your BIM ROI with collaboration in the cloud. Discover the three ways that collaborative BIM could maximise your profit margins.
How BIM is able to optimise the design phase of a construction projectJacob Ostwald
This document summarizes a student report about how Building Information Modeling (BIM) can optimize the design phase of construction projects. It defines BIM as both a type of software and process that allows collaboration between different professionals involved in a project. The report discusses how BIM benefits the planning and design phases through features like clash detection and cost/time estimation. It also examines industry attitudes towards adopting BIM and its growing use in Australia and worldwide.
The document discusses Building Information Management (BIM) and provides information on:
- Omar Selim who is a BIM expert with 14 years of experience.
- Problems in the construction industry such as poor coordination, change orders, delays and cost overruns.
- Benefits of BIM such as better coordination, clash detection, cost estimation and safety planning.
- Key aspects of BIM including 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D and 7D models which incorporate time, cost, sustainability and facilities management information.
The document discusses Building Information Management (BIM) and provides information on:
- Omar Selim who is a BIM expert with 14 years of experience.
- Problems in the construction industry such as poor coordination, change orders, delays and cost overruns that BIM can help address.
- BIM being a digital representation of the building process that involves 3D models as well as scheduling, cost estimation and sustainability information.
The document discusses current infrastructure development scenarios and challenges in India. It notes that India expects to add 300 million new urban residents by 2050. The government has approved INR480 billion under the 100 Smart Cities Mission and aims to construct 20 million affordable housing units by 2022. It also outlines various other infrastructure projects. Major issues facing the construction industry include time and cost overruns, waste generation, and financing/payment delays. The document explores various project delivery methods, funding sources, and innovations that can help address these challenges.
Building information modeling & value to the AEC industry Part 1 v1Stephen Au
BIM Lecture Note (3/6)
Objectives
* The challenges of Building Construction Industry
* To understand how BIM technology improve the building construction industry
* The value of using BIM for the industry
Question
* What are the benefits and limitation in applying BIM technology to the industry?
www.mtech.com.hk
This is a presentation by a representative of Ethiopian Construction Project Management Institute (ECPMI) at the 3rd Annual East Africa Cement, Concrete and Energy Summit
✓ Using BIM allows project teams to identify and resolve interface issues in advance through integrating multidisciplinary design inputs into a single 3D model, eliminating costly redesign work later.
✓ BIM enables clash detection to find and fix issues between building components like MEP systems before construction begins.
✓ Precise quantity take-offs, scheduling, and fabrication from the BIM model reduce construction waste and allow just-in-time material delivery.
The document provides an overview of the construction industry, including definitions of construction management, an explanation of construction technology and administration, and descriptions of the key players involved in a construction project. It discusses the nature and composition of the construction industry, challenges it faces, and its future direction. It also outlines the roles and responsibilities of the main participants in a construction project: the architect, owner, and construction manager.
The document discusses the impact of technology on higher level skills needs in the UK construction industry, with a focus on offsite construction. It finds that offsite construction requires new skills and adaptation of existing skills to work with modern methods and technologies. Key job roles in offsite construction include designers, engineers, project managers and tradespeople with skills in areas like planning, multi-skilling, and collaboration. Challenges to the growth of offsite construction include a lack of training provision and industry collaboration, while opportunities include improved productivity, quality and sustainability. The implications are for closer industry-academia links, stimulating demand, multi-skilled training, and careers advice on offsite roles.
This document provides an overview of building information modeling (BIM). It begins by describing the current state of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry as large and complex but fragmented, with many companies using different tools. It then defines BIM as an interoperable database where multiple models from different disciplines can interact. BIM allows for improved coordination, collaboration, and delivery of project information compared to traditional design processes. The document outlines some of the potential benefits and deliverables of using BIM, such as better cost control, fewer changes, and optimization of building performance.
Unlocking Engineering and Construction performance webinar apac slideshareAconex
With annual revenues expected to grow to $17 trillion by 2030, the Engineering and Construction (E&C) industry is pivotal to the world economy. Digitalisation and innovation are moving at speed across the industry, yet the transformation continues to be a challenge for most organisations. Industry expert, Dr. Ahmet Citipitioglu, a veteran of TAV Construction and Ken Panitz, Principal Methods, Learning & Innovation with CIMIC Group along with Andrew Newsome, Principal at The Boston Consulting Group, discuss the new digital reality for E&C and present real-life case studies to unlock technological value.
BIM: What do Owners Want? - Brian SkripacJad DELLEL
A presentation on BIM by Brian Skripac, Vice President & Director of Virtual Design & Construction at CannonDesign, for Autodesk's 3rd Entreprise Meetup in Montreal.
IRJET- Study of Procurement Models in the Construction IndustryIRJET Journal
This document discusses procurement models in the construction industry. It begins by defining procurement and describing the direct procurement model where general contractors purchase materials directly from manufacturers. It then discusses how direct purchasing began during the economic boom of the 1990s when fast-tracked construction schedules required procuring long-lead items early. While direct purchasing can provide cost savings, it is unclear if the benefits are actually passed to owners. The document aims to investigate various procurement models to determine their impact on project owners.
1) BIM and lean construction aim to improve construction efficiency and reduce waste. When used together in projects, they can better integrate activities, have a shared project objective, and enable early stakeholder involvement through a common model.
2) A collaboration model in BIM allows all stakeholders to understand and influence each other's work, helping to improve communication in lean practices like the Big Room. Simulation tools can also help evaluate options against project objectives.
3) Early model uses can help push design toward target costs and constructability, improving value. Integrating BIM and lean practices through a common model provides benefits across the project lifespan.
The document discusses how digital transformation is occurring across industries like infrastructure, construction, and energy. It notes trends shaping capital projects like construction including digital collaboration, BIM, data-driven design, IoT, digital twins, and advanced analytics. The construction industry spends little on IT and has low productivity growth. Adopting digital tools could help cut costs by 13-21% and improve processes like clash detection, RFI handling, and asset management through integrated data and models. BIM adoption is rising but implementing new technologies requires a long-term focus on simplicity, measurement, security, and developing capabilities over time.
IRJET - Forecasting and Management of Triple Constraints in Construction proj...IRJET Journal
This document discusses forecasting and managing the triple constraints (scope, time, and cost) in construction projects. It identifies several factors that can impact the triple constraints, such as design errors, financial management issues, communication problems, material and equipment costs and availability, human resources, and more. The study aims to forecast costs of key resources (labor, materials, equipment) over the project lifecycle in order to enhance project performance and better manage the triple constraints. A survey was conducted of industry experts to identify the most influential factors, and statistical analysis was used to analyze the data and forecast future resource costs and their impacts at different project stages.
Factors affecting Quality of construction projects in India regionAyush khandelwal
The document summarizes Ayush Khandelwal's NTCC capstone presentation on factors affecting the quality of construction projects in India. The presentation aims to identify these factors and provide solutions. It outlines objectives, significance, methodology including literature review and data collection/analysis. Financial issues, materials selection/management, and communication were found to be the top factors based on questionnaire surveys. Recommendations include selecting high quality materials, improving communication, training site staff, and ensuring manager/designer competence.
This document provides an introduction to Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its relevance to audiovisual professionals. It discusses that BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a building that can be shared across stakeholders. BIM is becoming more important for AV professionals as buildings consume large resources, and the construction industry wastes over half of its money spent due to issues like change orders. BIM allows for more integrated project delivery to reduce waste. Traditional 2D drawings are insufficient for BIM which provides a data repository and ongoing model for a building's design, construction and maintenance information. Currently, Revit is a predominant BIM platform being adopted by architects and building owners leading BIM implementation.
This document discusses the challenges facing the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry and how building information modeling (BIM) can help address them. It defines BIM and explains how it changes the nature of practice by integrating the design process. BIM allows for better visualization, coordination, analysis and supply chain integration. Firms can take a horizontal, vertical or progressive approach to adopting BIM. BIM improves productivity and accuracy by focusing on the building model rather than traditional drawings.
This document discusses international convergence in the construction industry around Lean, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), and Building Information Modeling (BIM). It provides definitions and overlaps between these approaches. It also summarizes the status of their adoption in the US, UK, and Australian construction markets, noting opportunities for improved productivity and collaboration.
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Predicting damage in notched functionally graded materials plates thr...Barhm Mohamad
Presently, Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) are extensively utilised in several industrial sectors, and the modelling of their mechanical behaviour is consistently advancing. Most studies investigate the impact of layers on the mechanical characteristics, resulting in a discontinuity in the material. In the present study, the extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) technique is used to analyse the damage in a Metal/Ceramic plate (FGM-Al/SiC) with a circular central notch. The plate is subjected to a uniaxial tensile force. The maximum stress criterion was employed for fracture initiation and the energy criterion for its propagation and evolution. The FGM (Al/SiC) structure is graded based on its thickness using a modified power law. The plastic characteristics of the structure were estimated using the Tamura-Tomota-Ozawa (TTO) model in a user-defined field variables (USDFLD) subroutine. Validation of the numerical model in the form of a stress-strain curve with the findings of the experimental tests was established following a mesh sensitivity investigation and demonstrated good convergence. The influence of the notch dimensions and gradation exponent on the structural response and damage development was also explored. Additionally, force-displacement curves were employed to display the data, highlighting the fracture propagation pattern within the FGM structure.
REVOLUTIONISING TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VARIANT TRANSF...CSEIJJournal
Recently, transformer-based models have reshaped the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly in the domain of Machine Translation (MT). this study explores three revolutionary transformer models: Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT), and Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5). The study delves into their architecture, capabilities, and applications in the context of translation technology. The study begins by discussing the evolution of machine translation from rule-based to statistical machine translation and finally to transformer models. The models have distinct architectures and purposes which pushed the limits of MT and have been instrumental in revolutionising the field. The study found significant contributions of the models in the advancement of NLP tasks including translation technology. Using comparative approach, the study further elaborates on each model’s design and utility. BERT is strong in excelling in tasks requiring a deep understanding of the context. GPT is excellent for tasks such as text generation, translation and creative writing. While the strengths of T5 is text-to-text framework by simplifying the taskspecific architectures, making it easy to perform different NLP tasks. Recognising these models’ unique features allows translators to select the best one for particular translation tasks and adjust them for better accuracy, fluency, and cultural relevance in translations. The study concludes that the models bridge language barriers, improve cross-cultural communication and pave way for more accurate and natural translations in the future. The study also points out that language processing models are continually evolving but understanding BERT, GPT, and T5’s specific features is key for ongoing development in translation technology.
In the global energy equation, the IT industry is not yet a major contributor to global warming, but it is increasingly significant. From an engineering standpoint we can achieve huge energy saving by replacing electronic signal processing with optical techniques for routing and switching, whilst longer fibre spans in the local loop offer further reductions. The mobile industry on the other hand has engineered 5G systems demanding ~10kW/tower due to signal processing and beam steering technologies. This sees some countries (i.e. China) closing cell sites at night to save money. So, what of 6G? The assumption that all surfaces can be smart signal regenerators with beam steering looks be a step too far and it may be time for a rethink!
On the extreme end of the scale we have AWS planning to colocate their latest AI data centre (at 1GW power consumption) along side two nuclear reactors because it needs 40% of their joint output. Google and Microsoft are following the AWS approach and reportedly in negotiation with nuclear plant owners. Needless to say that AI train ing sessions and usage have risen to dominate the top of the IT demand curve. At this time, there appears to be no limits to the projected energy demands of AI, but there is a further contender in this technology race, and that is the IoT. In order to satisfy the ecological demands of Industry 4.0/Society 5.0 we need to instrument and tag ‘Things’ by the Trillion, and not ~100 Billion as previously thought!
Now let’s see, Trillions of devices connected to the internet with 5G, 4G, WiFi, BlueTooth, LoRaWan et al using >100mW demands more power plants…
Modified O-RAN 5G Edge Reference Architecture using RNNijwmn
Paper Title
Modified O-RAN 5G Edge Reference Architecture using RNN
Authors
M.V.S Phani Narasimham1 and Y.V.S Sai Pragathi2, 1Wipro Technologies, India, 2Stanley College of Engineering & Technology for Women (Autonomous), India
Abstract
This paper explores the implementation of 6G/5G standards by network providers using cloud-native technologies such as Kubernetes. The primary focus is on proposing algorithms to improve the quality of user parameters for advanced networks like car as cloud and automated guided vehicle. The study involves a survey of AI algorithm modifications suggested by researchers to enhance the 5G and 6G core. Additionally, the paper introduces a modified edge architecture that seamlessly integrates the RNN technologies into O-RAN, aiming to provide end users with optimal performance experiences. The authors propose a selection of cutting-edge technologies to facilitate easy implementation of these modifications by developers.
Keywords
5G O-RAN, 5G-Core, AI Modelling, RNN, Tensor Flow, MEC Host, Edge Applications.
Volume URL: https://airccse.org/journal/jwmn_current24.html
Abstract URL: https://aircconline.com/abstract/ijwmn/v16n3/16324ijwmn01.html
Youtube URL: https://youtu.be/rIYGvf478Oc
Pdf URL: https://aircconline.com/ijwmn/V16N3/16324ijwmn01.pdf
#callforpapers #researchpapers #cfp #researchers #phdstudent #researchScholar #journalpaper #submission #journalsubmission #WBAN #requirements #tailoredtreatment #MACstrategy #enhancedefficiency #protrcal #computing #analysis #wirelessbodyareanetworks #wirelessnetworks
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Here's where you can reach us : ijwmn@airccse.org or ijwmn@aircconline.com
2. 2
Engr. Abdul Mughees Khan
BIM Engineer
Engr. Syed Kashif Ali Shah
BIM Engineer
Engr. Malik Awais Ali Shah
BIM Engineer
Engr. Sharjeel Ahmad Tariq
BIM Engineer
Website: www.vulcanss.com
Email: info@vulcanss.com
Phone: +923454268115, +923455908731
NUST, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
3. Table of Contents
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
What is BIM?
BIM Process
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
BIM Application
BIM Advantages
BIM Workflow
BIM & Project Management
BIM & Design Team Members
BIM around the Globe
Construction Industry with BIM
3
5. Problems in Construction Industry
Lot of Challenges…
– Poorly Coordinated Design
Documents
– Change Orders & Rework
– Delays & Cost Overruns
– Claims & Litigation
– Greater Risk
– Poor Turnover Documents
– Frustrated Owners
– Tight Profit Margins
– 25% of world solid waste.
– Buildings consume 30% of raw
materials.
– Buildings consume 42% world’s
energy
5
Source: Organization for Economics
Cooperation & Development (OECD)
6. Reasons
Lack of Proper Planning
Lack of Coordination
Lack of Professional Specialized Education
Poor Decision Making
Inefficient dispute resolution mechanism
Lack of Mediation
Difficulty in responsibility fixation
Lack of Project Monitoring/ Program Monitoring
Reluctance in adoption of new technology
Lack in Value Engineering adoption
Lack of Integrated Project Delivery
Low Business Share in International Market
Dependence on Foreign Consultants in Pakistan
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
6
7. 30% of projects do not meet original program or budget
92% of clients said that designers drawings are typically not
sufficient for construction
37% of materials used in construction become waste
10% of the cost of a project is typically due to change
orders
38% of carbon emissions are from buildings not cars
CMAA Owners survey, CMAA Industry Report, Economist Magazine
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
7
8. A survey done by NED university ranked following management issues in the top 10
cost over run factors:
1. Fluctuation in prices of raw materials
2. Unstable cost of manufactured materials
3. High cost of machineries
4. Lowest bidding procurement method
5. Inefficient project (site) management/ Inefficient cost control
6. Long period between design and time of bidding/ tendering
7. Conventional method of cost estimation
8. Excessive change orders
9. Inadequate project planning
10. Inappropriate government policies
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
8
Cost Overrun Factors in Construction Industry of Pakistan
2008
Nida Azhar, Rizwan U Farooqui, Syed M Ahmed
9. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Construction Productivity
Stanford University
9
10. Current tools and
process focus more on
documentation instead
of the building design.
Architects, Engineers are
spending more time on
less important
redundant work.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Visualization and Communication
10
11. Communicating your design vision
to the client accurately to gain
approvals.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Visualization and Communication
11
12. Inability to visualize the final product at the
design phase leads to changes in design in the
construction phase causing delays and extra
cost.
Monal Restaurant Islamabad: 122 Change
orders
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Change Orders
12
13. Early Professional Practice
The Master Builder:
‘Master’ with multi-disciplinary education:
Architecture, mathematics, engineering,
materials, technology, etc.
Single point responsibility:
• Limited requirements for data sharing
and/or visualization…
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Communication Within Teams
Michelangelo
Ustad Ahmad Lahauri
13
14. Architecture
Architectural Design
Building Technology/Environmental Systems
Community Design
Environment/Sustainability
Graphic Design
History
Housing
Interior Design/Architecture
International And Regional Architecture
Landscape Design
Preservation
Tectonics
Urban Planning and Design
Civil Engineering
Materials science and engineering
Coastal engineering
Construction engineering
Earthquake engineering
Environmental engineering
Geotechnical engineering
Water resources engineering
Structural engineering
Surveying
Transportation engineering
Forensic engineering
Municipal or urban engineering
Control engineering
Growth in specialization/academic disciplines:
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Communication Within Teams
14
15. Over the wall syndrome, less
coordination between the
design team is resulting in
poor quality of work.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Communication Within Teams
15
16. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Communication between Stakeholders
Coordination and
collaboration issues
between different stake
holders causing
dissatisfaction of
everyone.
16
17. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
17
18. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Communication between Stakeholders
2D Drawings causes
miscommunication
18
19. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
19
20. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
20
21. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
21
23. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
23
24. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry
Coordination
24
False Ceiling is not provided in Corridors in the
Original Design.
25. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry
Coordination
25
Entrance Stairs to Void Area is not
provided in Design.
Rain Water during heavy shower
accumulates into the corridors
from void area opening.
26. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry
Coordination
26
Supply & Return pipes for outdoor
units are provided on exterior side of
the building.
27. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
27
28. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Coordination
Current tools and
workflow doesn’t
support coordinated
work which increases
cost and time of the
project as well as
decreases its quality.
Changes to the building
design result in
coordination errors.
28
31. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Cost Uncertainty
Manual quantity
estimation is a time
taking process with low
accuracy.
Majority of the projects
are over budgeted.
Design change effect on
the budget is not easily
reflected.
31
32. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Unsafe Construction Site
Unsafe practices and
absence of safety
procedures and planning
at site causes injuries and
loss of lives.
32
33. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Less Prefabrication more Onsite Work
More work on-site, less
off-site
Main reason is
incomprehensibility
during design phase,
errors in drawings and
inaccuracy during
construction
More cost, less quality
33
34. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Poor Planning and Project Delays
Causes of Delay:
Finance and payments
Inaccurate time estimation
Delay in payments to supplier and
subcontractor
Poor site management
Old technology
Natural disasters
Unforeseen site condition
Shortage of material
Delays caused by subcontractors
34
Changes in drawings
Improper equipment
Inaccurate cost estimation
Change orders
Organizational changes
Regulatory changes
35. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Poor Site and Procurement Management
In any construction
project 10 -15 % of the
material is wasted.
Main reason is
improper design issues
as well as site
management.
35
36. Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Poor Facility Management Data
Facility Data is not properly
transferred to the client at
the time of handover.
O&M Manuals are manually
transferred & physically
stored.
Data is lost with the
passage of time.
Data is very difficult to
retrieve for maintenance
and renovation.
36
38. BUILDING
INFORMATION
MODELING ARCHITECTS
STRUCTURAL
ENGINEERS
MEP SYSTEMS
ENGINEERS
BUILDERS &
FABRICATORS
OWNERS
Building Information
Modeling
“Building Information Modeling, or BIM
is a parametric, 3D model that is used
to generate plans, sections, elevations,
perspectives, details, schedules- all of
the necessary components to
document the design of a building.”
Mastering Autodesk Revit Architecture 2011
“ A Building Information Model serves
as a shared knowledge resource for
information about a facility forming a
reliable basis for decisions during its life
cycle from inception onward.”
BuidlngSMART Alliance
CIVIL
ENGINEERS
38
39. Hand drafting Computer Aided
Drafting
Building Information
Modelling
Evolution of Design Process 39
64. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Design Visualization and Communication
BIM solution: Visualize your Design and Communicate it better
Using the better visualization
tools the design can be easily
communicated to the non
technical client.
Changes can easily be
incorporated in design using
client feedback, reducing
change orders thus overall
cost of the project.
More time is spent designing
than drafting.
64
65. Increased client satisfaction
through more effective
communications.
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Design Communication Within Teams
BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication
(BIM)
65
66. BIM ensures better
communication between
different stake holders.
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Design Communication With stakeholders
BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication
66
67. Instead of 2D drawings
information is shared in the
form of BIM model which
clearly communicate the
design intent to all
stakeholders which are
involved in a building lifecycle.
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Design Communication With stakeholders
BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication
67
68. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Coordination
BIM Solution: Improved Coordination and Clash Detection
Better visualization during
design, coordinated drawings
and clash detection tools
reduces clashes between
various elements which causes
delay in construction work
resulting in increase of the
budget as well as client
dissatisfaction from the
building makers.
68
69. Better visualization during
design, coordinated drawings
and clash detection tools
reduces clashes between
various elements which causes
delay in construction work
resulting in increase of the
budget as well as client
dissatisfaction from the
building makers.
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Coordination
BIM Solution: Improved Coordination and Clash Detection
69
70. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Cost Uncertainty
BIM Solution: Greater predictability
BIM automates the quantity
extraction process.
Different design options and
there impact on cost can be
obtained easily without much
effort and in less time.
Material usage at different
stages of the project can also
be tracked using BIM.
70
71. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Unsafe Construction Site
BIM Solution: Better Safety Planning
BIM also improves the safety
situation of site.
Different possible situations
can be simulated using the
BIM tools so that proper safety
plans can be designed
according.
71
72. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Less Prefabrication more Onsite work
BIM Solution: Design Accurately , More prefabrication
BIM allows accurate design which
increases ability to prefabricate.
Like a "spell - check" device, the
computer tells engineers if parts don't
fit.
Different components of building can
be manufactured first and installed
later at the site.
Improves quality and reduces time
and cost.
72
73. Boeing 777- First paperless Design
Boeing 747, 75,000 engineering
drawings
The thousands of engineers who
manually worked on these designs
rarely compared notes.
Boeing 787, parts manufactured in 5
continents
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Less Prefabrication more Onsite work
BIM Solution: Design Accurately , More prefabrication
73
74. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
74
75. 75
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
76. 76
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
77. 77
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
78. 78
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
79. 79
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
80. 80
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
81. 81
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
82. 82
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
83. 83
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
84. 84
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
85. 85
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
86. 86
Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management
Solution: Better Planning & Management
87. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems
Problem: Poor Facility Management Data
BIM Solution: All building data at one place!
Using BIM the facility data as
well as Operation Manuals of
different building
components can all be
stored in one single model.
This data can be used for
renovation as well as
maintenance.
87
88. Buildings around the globe consume about 48% of
the total electricity produced.
Need of Green Buildings to decrease the demand.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Energy Consumption by Buildings
88
89. Impact of Construction Industry on Climatic Changes
The report, “Hot Cities: battle-ground for climate change" from the United
Nations Human Settlement Program, or UN-HABITAT, shows that while the
world's cities only cover 2 % of global land area, they account for a
staggering 70 % of greenhouse-gas emissions.
If half of new commercial buildings were built to use 50% less energy, it would
save over 6 million metric tons of CO2 annually for the life of the buildings—the
equivalent of taking more than 1 million cars off the road every year.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Energy Consumption by Buildings
89
90. Importance of Green buildings for Pakistan
Pakistan with 2.56% of world population contributes only 0.8% to global
GHG (Green House Gases) emissions yet ranks 16th on Climatic Change
Vulnerability Index.
Pakistan was most affected country for 2010.
Climatic Changes costing economy $14 Billion a year (35.6% of economy-
2014-2015)
Frequent Floods and Droughts.
Typical Problems in Construction Industry
Energy Consumption by Buildings
90
91. BIM allows energy
analysis for sustainable
design at early phase of
design.
Energy analysis of
different design options
can be easily performed
making the final building
more green.
BIM Solution
More Sustainable Design
91
93. 3D
Existing Conditions Models
- Laser Scanning
- Ground Penetration Radars
(GPR) conversions
Safety & Logistics Models
Animations, renderings, walk-
throughs
BIM driven prefabrication
Clash Detection
Laser accurate BIM driven
site layout
3D Model: Visualization Model 93
94. 4D Model: Time Model
4D
SCHEDULING
Project Phasing Simulations
Visual Validation for
Payment Approval
94
95. 5D
ESTIMATING
Real time conceptual
modeling and cost planning
Quantity extraction to support
detailed cost estimates
Trade verifications from
Models
Value Engineering
5D Model: Cost Model 95
96. 6D
SUSTAINABILITY
Conceptual energy analysis
Detailed energy analysis
Life cycle energy
performance of building
Lighting and day lighting
analysis
Sun & shadow studies
Airflow Analysis
Climate Analysis
Solar Radiation Analysis
6D Model: Energy Model 96
97. 7D
FACILITY MANAGEMENT
APPLICATIONS
BIM embedded O&M
manuals
Computerized building
database for record,
renovation and
maintenance.
7D Model: Facility Management 97
101. BIM Advantages
Let repetitive work be done by the machine
Draw more precisely
Draw quicker
Concentrate on the building instead of the drawing
Get rid of paper by electronic documents
Let ‘intelligent’ functionality take care of certain tasks
(automation)
100
102. Benefits of BIM
Better outcomes through collaboration
Enhanced performance
Optimized solutions
Greater predictability
Faster project delivery
Reduced risk factor
Fits first time
Reduced waste
Whole life asset management
Continual improvement
101
103. Benefits of BIM : What the BIM users Say?
Improved Collective Understanding of Design Intent
Improved overall project quality
Reduced conflicts during construction
Reduced changes during construction
Fast Client Approval Cycles
Better cost control/predictability
Reduced number of RFIs (Requests for Information)
69 %
62 %
59 %
56 %
44 %
43 %
43 %
Source: McGraw Hill Construction 2010
102
106. Level of details (LOD) in BIM
LOD-100
Conceptual
Design
Non-geometric lines, areas or volume
zones
Scheduling Total Project Construction duration
Cost
Estimation
Conceptual cost estimation
Energy
Analysis
Strategy and performance criteria
based on volumes and areas
Milestones Outline Planning Permission and
Project feasibility
106
107. Level of details (LOD) in BIM
LOD-200
Preliminary
Design
Three dimension-generic elements
Scheduling Time-scaled, ordered appearance
of major activities
Cost
Estimation
Estimated cost based on
measurement of generic element
Energy
Analysis
Conceptual design based on
geometry and assumed system types
Milestones Planning Approval and Design &
Build Tender Documentation
107
108. Level of details (LOD) in BIM
LOD-300
Detailed
design
Specific elements with dimensions,
capacities and space relationships
Scheduling Time scaled ordered appearance of
detailed assemblies
Cost
Estimation
Estimated cost based on measurement
of specific assembly
Energy
Analysis
Approximate simulation
Milestones Building Plan Approval, Continued
Design & Build Tender Documentation
or Design-Bid- Build Tender
Documentation
108
109. Level of details (LOD) in BIM
LOD-400
Construction
Design
Shop Drawing/fabrication with
manufacture, installation and other
specified information
Scheduling Fabrication and assembly detail
including construction means and
methods
Cost
Estimation
Committed purchase price of specific
assembly at buyout
Energy
Analysis
Precise simulation based on specific
information
Milestones Constructability and Fabrication
109
110. Level of details (LOD) in BIM
LOD-500
Design As built
Scheduling N/A
Cost
Estimation
As built
Energy
Analysis
Commissioning and recording of
measured performance
Milestones Final Completion
110
119. Work sharing
Work sets Defined
Elements assigned
to work sets.
Central file saved
on shared location
Users Generate
Local files
Owner assignment
Collaborative
working
Synchronize
119
124. Lighting Analysis in BIM
Architectural
Model
Electrical Fixtures
Analysis
Software
124
125. Shadow Study
Solar studies can be easily performed at
early stages of design.
Building orientation, windows and lights
placement can be made using these
studies.
Day to Night solar study.
Season to season solar study.
125
128. Wind Analysis Results
NESPAK House
Date: 19th November
2014
Time: 04:00 PM
Wind Speed: 10.02 ft/s
Wind Direction: From
west to east
128
129. Heating & Cooling Loads
Heating and Cooling requirement of various
design options can be obtained.
Materials and design with least energy
requirement can be selected
Energy Efficient designs
129
133. BIM in preconstruction
Improved project scope definition
133
Better and effective communication
with stakeholders regarding goals
and requirements of a project.
Better depiction of reality using
model makes easier to understand
and see the consequences of
decisions that are made in pre
construction phase.
Reduced number of change orders,
conflict and request for information
( RFI ).
134. BIM in preconstruction
Budgeting
134
Automated model generated BOQ’s gives
accurate quantities at very early stages of
design.
Different design alternatives cost can be
generated in less time.
Supports complete lifecycle, cost estimate
of different phases of construction can be
obtained.
135. BIM in preconstruction
Coordinated errorless design and drawings
135
Clash detection of
different systems at design
stage.
Error less, reliable and
coordinated design and
drawings.
136. BIM in Construction
Site Planning
136
Construction site can be
effectively managed using
visualization.
Crane location and
operation can be
visualized earlier.
Logistics organization can
be planned better.
137. BIM in Construction
Scheduling
137
3D schedule enables better planning.
Current techniques (Gantt chart, network diagrams) can
be supported with visuals.
Easy to understand for non technical people.
Subsequent day/week/month activities can be
visualized by construction team to plan their work.
Help determine which thing should come first.
Reduces construction errors and wastage of material.
138. BIM in Construction
Procurement Management
138
Phasing models can be used to get
accurate quantities of materials with
respect to time.
Less material to be stored on site,
help prevent physical damages and
stealing issues.
Automated field material ordering.
140. BIM in Project Monitoring &
Controlling
140
Schedule and cost progress can be
compared with model.
Contractors, subcontractors can be
asked to submit current models to
show their progress.
Cost variance can be checked by
using models.
141. BIM in Risk Management 141
BIM allows us to look into the future and experience
how the facility will work before completion, thus
eliminating or reducing significant risks.
Better visualization in earlier phase reduce design
changes, change orders at construction stage.
Collisions detected before the start of construction
can prevent rework in the field.
Model generated drawings and documents reduce
errors and omission risk associated with design
documents.
142. BIM and Sustainability 142
Site conditions can by analyzed including wetlands
and protected habitats, using the site model to
coordinate logistics better to eliminate potential
issues.
If a model is available of an existing building,
contractor can use the data to determine which
material can be reused or recycled.
Model can be used to determine and track
amount of recycled content usage percentages
of the project.
Material radius ( 500 mile- LEED requirement)
144. Architects
Better visualization during design.
Conceptual model can be used for further work.
Focused effort on design rather than documentation.
Changes easily accommodated in drawings and documents.
Better presentations for clients.
Design intent can be communicated to design participants
effectively and efficiently.
Solar studies, energy analysis at conceptual stage helps to create
sustainable designs.
Single model can be used for various purposes and can be further
transferred to other design participants for there use.
144
145. Structural Engineer
Single model can be used for drawing generation as well
as for analysis.
Change in design can be accommodated easily without
extra time and effort.
More project details can be developed in early stages of
design.
Less time spent on production of drawings and
documentation.
145
147. Traditional Work Flow
Structural Software very isolated
in terms of the information they
provide upstream and
downstream.
Architectural Drawings
Interpretation of
drawings
Identification of
Structural Information
Development of
Analyses model
Development of framing
plans etc. by draftsman
Code Verifications
Detail Drawings
Passed onto other
design team members
Structural Engineer
148. Revit &
ETABS/SAP2000 Link
Linking Architectural
Model
Copying levels and
grids
Copy/Monitor
structural elements
Input from Structural
drawings
Structural Model
ETABS/SAP2000
Structural Analyses
Revit Model
ETABS Model
Detail Drawings
Passed onto other
Design team members
Structural Engineer
149. HVAC & Plumbing Engineer
Heating & Cooling loads can be easily obtained using
architectural model.
Coordination with other specialties.
More design effort results in less work on site.
Precise prefabrication due to accurate designs.
149
150. Electrical Engineer
Architect’s model can be used for lighting analysis.
Same electrical model can be used for analysis as well as
for documentation purposes.
150
155. United States
In 2003 General Services Administration (GSA), through its Public
Buildings Service (PBS) Office of Chief Architect (OCA), established
the National 3D-4D-BIM Program.
In 2006 the GSA mandated that new buildings designed through its
Public Buildings Service use BIM in the design stage.
For all major projects receiving design funding in Fiscal Year 2007
and beyond, GSA requires BIM in them.
155
156. The Panama Canal Expansion Project
Location : San diego, U.S.
Cost: $6 billion
Type: Expansion project
156
157. VivaNext Bus Rapid Transit system project
Location: Toronto , Canada
Cost : $730 million project
Type : 7km of roadways, 22stations , two
bridges
157
158. United Kingdom
The Government Construction Strategy was published by the
Cabinet office on 31 May 2011. The report announced the
Governments intention to require: collaborative 3D BIM (with all
project and asset information, documentation and data being
electronic) on its projects by 2016.
158
159. Use of BIM in UK
95
93
81
54
93
91
77
43
94
90
75
41
86
82
62
31
In 5 years' time we will use BIM
In 3 years' time we will use BIM
In 1 year's time we will use BIM
Currently use BIM
USE OF BIM
2010 2011 2012 2013
NBS- National BIM Report 2014
159
160. European Union
European Union Public Procurement Directive (EUPPD)-
January 2014 requires that all the 28 European Member
States may encourage, specify or mandate the use of
BIM for publicly funded construction and building
projects in the European Union by 2016.
160
161. BIM in China
BIM has been included as part of the National
12th Five Year Plan (2011 – 2015).
The China BIM Union has been approved as
the China Industry Technology Innovation
Strategic Alliance by the Ministry of Science
and Technology of the People's Republic of
China in 2013.
161
162. BIM in Singapore
The Building and Construction Authority (BCA) has
announced that BIM would be introduced for
architectural, structural and M&E submissions (by 2014)
and eventually for plan submissions of all projects with
gross floor area of more than 5,000 square meters by
2015.
This is part of the government’s plan to improve the
construction industry’s productivity by up to 25% over
the next decade.
162
163. BIM in South Korea
South Korea’s Public Procurement
Service made the use of BIM
compulsory for all projects over $40
million and for all public sector projects
by 2016.
163
164. BIM in Dubai
As of 1st January 2014, Dubai Municipality has made
application of BIM modelling to Architectural and
Electro-Mechanical (MEP) works mandatory for the
following:
1. Buildings with more than 40 stories height.
2. Buildings with area more than 300,000 square feet.
3. Specialized buildings such as Hospitals, Universities and
all similar buildings.
4. All buildings submitted by foreign offices.
164
165. BIM in Iran
The Iran Building Information Modeling Association
(IBIMA) shares knowledge resources to support
construction engineering management decision-
making. It was founded in 2012 by professional engineers
from five universities in Iran, including the Civil and
Environmental Engineering Department at Amirkabir
University of Technology, Tehran
165
166. Use of BIM in India
BIM is gaining popularity among
professionals / organizations within the
Indian built environment sector.
It is largely in its ‘experimentation’
phase in India as compared to the
developed world, especially when
the maturity and level of
implementation is taken into account.
India is becoming a major BIM
Outsourcing Engine.
166
167. BIM in India
Bangalore Metro System
mandates BIM
Mott MacDonald is providing
detailed engineering and
architectural services
167
168. BIM in India
Chennai International Airport
Expansion Project
Designer:
Frederic Schwartz Architects (USA)
Hargreaves Associates (USA)
Gensler (USA)
Creative Group (India)
Yugasoft (India)
Contractor:
Herve Pomerleau International (Canada)
Punj Lloyd (India)
L&T (India)
Nagarjuna Constructions (India)
Use of BIM reduced the material wastage by 3.5 to 4% and
increased productivity by more than 30% : Yugasoft
168
169. Project : Power Plant
Category : Industrial - Plant
Location : Vidharbha(India)
Area : 1,85,600 sq mtr
BIM in India 169
170. Project : Personal Rapid Transit
Category : Transportation
Location : Amritsar, India
Length : 4 km track & 7 stations
BIM in India 170
171. Project : IBIS Hotel
Location : Chennai (India)
Contractor : SSPDL Interserve Private Ltd
Area : 16,481 sq mtr
BIM in India 171
172. Current State of BIM in the Middle
East
A rapid uncontrolled demand of BIM
Qatar is leading
Government and Owners showing interest
Contractors and Consultants seeking to quickly adopt BIM
Technology driven BIM, little emphasis on strategy, process or
Standards
172
173. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
Abu Dhabi Airport Midfield Terminal Buildings
Category: Airport
Capacity: 20 million people
Contractor: TAV, CCC and Arabtec.
Consultant: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, Engineering
Consultants Group
173
174. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
Al Mafraq Hospital
Category: Hospital
Location: Abu Dhabi
Architect: Burt Hill
Contractor: Habtoor Leighton Group
174
175. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
King Abdul Aziz Center for World
Culture
Caragory: Cultural Building
Location: Saudi Arabia
Area: 80,000 sqm
Architect: Snohetta
Contractor: Saudi Oger
175
176. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
Doha Metro Gold Line
Category: Transportation
Location: Doha,Qatar
Consultant: Atkins
Contractors: L&T along with its joint-venture (JV)
partners Aktor in Greece, Yapi Merkezi Insaat and
STFA Group of Turkey, and Qatar's Al Jaber
Engineering
176
177. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
Masdar Headquarters
Category: City Headquarter Building
Location: Abu Dhabi
Area: 100,00 sqm
Architect: Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture
Contractor: Brookfield Multiplex
World first positive energy building (planned)
177
178. Major Projects across Middle East
mandated with BIM
Louvre Museum
Category: Cultural Building
Location: Abu Dhabi
Area: 24,000 sqm
Architect: Jean Nouvel
Structural engineer: Buro Happold
178
192. Heating & Cooling Loads
With Cladding Without Cladding Saved
Peak Load Value
(Tons/h)
343 408 65
Cost per anum
(diesel)
Rs 21.3 millions Rs 24.7 millions Rs 4.05
millions
192
223. Quantity Takeoff Results
Item Model Quantity BOQ Unit
Door D3a 17 15 No
Door D7 17 7 No
Door SGD1 711 711 Sft
Door SGD2 805 920 Sft
Door D1 1720 1880 Sft
Door D1a 2573 1873 Sft
Door D1b 588 462 Sft
Door D2 5208 489 Sft
Door D3 2215 1456 Sft
Door D4 1248 1280 Sft
223
224. Quantity Takeoff Results
Item Model Quantity BOQ Unit
Door D5 1480 1160 Sft
Door D5a 1728 1536 Sft
Door D6 240 432 Sft
Window W1 672 678 Sft
Window 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 8407 8357 Sft
Window V1,V2,V3 312 261 Sft
Fixed type FG 1753 479 Sft
½” thick plaster with 1:6 cement sand
mortar on interior walls
494282 454384 Sft
3/4” thick, 1:4 cement sand plaster to
exterior surface
142183 134676 Sft
224
225. Quantity Takeoff Results
Item Model
Quantity
BOQ Unit
Aluminum perforated (24”X24”) false ceiling 14722 15566 Sft
Gypsum board (24”x24” / 4’ x 8’) false ceiling 130783 146904 Sft
24”x24” anti microbial aluminum false ceiling 8449 16366 Sft
Porcelain tile 24” x 24” 108627 99194 Sft
Porcelain tile 12” x 24” 8892 10963 Sft
Footing / Foundations Concrete 80307 83632 Cft
Plinth Beams Concrete 8799 8945 Cft
UG Water tank Concrete 4753 4586 Cft
Sub Structure Shear Walls Concrete 2734 3006 Cft
225
238. BIM Implementation Challenges
Training
Time / initial impact on productivity
Current project delivery methods don’t support
collaboration
Interoperability
Hardware requirements
Level of detail modelled
Standardizing BIM output
Resistance – “haven’t we been through this
before? It’ll never work….”
238
243. Way forward
Recognize future benefits of BIM
Act now, be the local market leader
Compulsory element to compete in international markets
Support employees in seeking new knowledge
Consider including BIM approaches in the companies future vision
and mission
Actively contribute to innovative industry research
Implement BIM processes continuously in the service provision
243