Psychology: Dreaming. by Janice Fung.
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People typically dream 4-5 times per night, with over 95% of dreams being forgotten. Dreams mainly occur during REM sleep, which accounts for around 90% of dreams. REM sleep increases throughout the night as sleep time increases. There are several theories about the meaning of dreams, including Freud's psychoanalytic theory that dreams reveal unconscious desires, the problem-solving theory that dreams have no inherent meaning but reflect how problems are processed, and Hobson and McCarley's activation-synthesis theory that dreams have no meaning and are simply a product of random brain activation during sleep. Researchers study dreams using sleep laboratories that can monitor physiological activity and brain waves during sleep.
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Psychology: Dreaming. by Janice Fung.
- 1. DREAMING Chapter 7 (page 85)
- 2. HAVE YOU HAD ANY STRANGE DREAMS LATELY? 5 minutes
- 3. DOES EVERYBODY DREAM? On average, people dream 4-5 times per night. Over 95% dreams are forgotten. Low dream recallers vs. High dream recallers. • Low dream recallers tend to wake up slowly and experience, on waking, more electrical shifts of activity between brain hemispheres.
- 4. WHEN DO DREAMS OCCUR? Anytime during sleep. • 90% during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Throughout sleep, we shift between non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep. Cycle is average 90 minutes. • The amount of time spent in REM sleep increases as the time spent sleeping increases.
- 5. REM SLEEP SLEEP CYCLE NREM SLEEP
- 6. SLEEP CYCLE
- 8. WHY DO WE DREAM? • Spiritual guidance? • Can dreams transform our life and guide us to greater wholeness and well- being? • What do you think?
- 9. DO DREAMS HAVE MEANING? Psychoanalytic dream theory – Sigmund Freud • Yes, dreams have meaning. The problem-solving theory • Dreams have meaning but don’t need to be analysed Activation-Synthesis theory – Hobson and McCarley • No, dreams do not have meaning.
- 11. “I’M NAKED!” Vulnerability or feelings of shamefulness. Hiding something and are afraid that others can see right through you. Proud of your nakedness = Symbolizes unrestricted freedom. http://dreammoods.com
- 12. “I’M BEING CHASED!” Dealing with fears and anxieties. Feelings of anger, jealousy, fear, and possibly love. If you are the one doing the chasing = Drive and ambition.
- 13. “MY TEETH ARE FALLING!” Anxieties about your appearance and how others perceive you. Fear of being embarrassed or making a fool of yourself in some situation.
- 14. “I’M FLYING!” Flying with ease = You are on top of a situation. Having difficulties staying in flight = lack of power in controlling your own circumstances. Fear of flying = Afraid of challenges and success.
- 15. “I’M FALLING!” Insecure, unstable, anxious about something.
- 16. “I FAILED THE TEST.” You are being judged. Anxiety or agitation. Lack of self-esteem. Unprepared for a challenge.
- 17. PROBLEM-SOLVING THEORY Cartwright et. al. (1998)
- 18. ACTIVATION – SYNTHESIS THEORY Hobson & McCarley
- 19. OTHER FORMS OF DREAMING Lucid dreams • You can train yourself to be aware of when you are dreaming and to take control of your dreams. Daydreams • Normal state of consciousness (not asleep). • Pay attention to our own thoughts and ignore the external world. • Usually positive. • 1/3 to 1/2 of our waking life daydreaming.
- 20. SLEEP LABORATORIES Research in sleep laboratories monitor brainwave activity and other physiological processes. Participants can be woken and asked to recall dreams before they forget them. Data can be matched up with how the participant was feeling before going to sleep and with physiological recordings. Limitations?
- 21. ASSIGNMENT REM & NREM sleep Psychoanalytic dream theory Activation-synthesis theory Problem-solving theory Lucid dreams and daydreams Research on your group topic and present a 5-minute documentary!