Universal Primary Education & Right to Education
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The document discusses India's efforts to provide universal primary education and the right to education. It outlines how the Indian constitution originally aimed to provide free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 within 10 years. Several amendments strengthened these rights, including the 86th amendment which added Article 21A guaranteeing the right to education. The Right to Education Act of 2009 enshrined this right in law, mandating free and compulsory education for all children aged 6 to 14. The document also examines barriers to achieving universal education and efforts taken, including expanding schooling, enrollment initiatives, and schemes like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
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Universal Primary Education & Right to Education
- 1. UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION AND RIGHT TO EDUCATION
- 2. CONTENT: Meaning of universal primary education Reasons for Achieving the goal Efforts taken to provide universal primary education Amendments made in the constitutional acts Seventy third amendment Eighty sixth amendments
- 3. MEANING: Article 45 of the indian constitution states, “ it is the endeavour of the state to provide free and compulsory education to all children from 6 to 14 and this should be realised within 10 years from the commencement of the constitution”.
- 4. REASONS FOR NOT ACHIEVING THE GOAL: Economic factors: Due to utter poverty particularly in the rural areas young children are forced to take up petty jobs as domestic servants or menials to augument their family income.
- 5. IGNORANCE OF PARENTS: Parents ignorance is reported as the main obstacle in getting children admitted in primary schools.
- 6. Communal and ethnic barriers: Some of the tribal people and ethnic groups like “Narikoravas” do not show any interest in getting their children educated.
- 7. Obstacles due to social and religious practices: Some sections of Hindu society do not allow the girls to attend schools once they attain puberty. Muslims do not care to send girls to schools.
- 8. Geographical locale as a Barrier: The localities where pupils reside, also prove to be a barrier to get access to primary education. Children hailing from hilly areas, drought prone regions and remote rural villages do not attend schools as most often no school is available in those areas.
- 9. Educational Reasons: School education appears to be uninteresting and divorced from practical life; pupils do not get attracted towards schools.
- 10. Paucity of funds: Most of the state governments in india suffer from paucity of funds to allocate for opening new schools in good number in rural areas and provide the necessary infrastructure to make them functional.
- 11. Population explosion and Administrative lapses: pupils stop their education due to dis functional schools and schools which do not provide for proper education.
- 12. Individual related problems: Mentally challenged pupils, pupils with emotional disturbances and severe behavioural problems could not get along in normal schools and hence have to stop their education.
- 13. Efforts taken to provide universal primary education: Expansion in primary education Enrollment of pupils Curriculum Preference in education for the children from weaker sections of the society Financial Allocation Some of the new schemes Attompted
- 14. Preference in education for the children from weaker sections of the society
- 15. Some of the new schemes attempted: Sarva Siksha Abhiyan
- 16. Amendments made in the constitutional acts The constitution of india (1950), drafted by Dr.B.R.Ambedkar, the then law minister and a team of constitutional experts is very comprehensive, progressive and flexible. It has 395 articles, 22 schedules and 12 appendices. To meet the new challenges posed by social, economical, political and legal complexities, the constitution had to be amended 98 times upto january 2013.
- 18. Eighty sixth Amendment(2002): New Article 21A Change in Article 45 Addition to article 51A
- 19. CONTENT: Right to education The Right to education Act (2009) ( The Right for free and compulsory Education to all children of the age six to fourteen years)
- 20. Right to Education: There was a time when education was the privilege of the society, but now it has become the right to education alone can bring in real equality and equal opportunities.
- 21. The Right to education Act(2009) (The Right for free and compulsory Education to all children of the age six to fourteen years: The amendment to article 45 of the indian constitution has given it a legal framework by the “Right to education” Act.
- 22. All children from age six to fourteen have a right to receive free and compulsory education. Every child should be assured of quality education . No private school should be started without the approval of the government or the authorised agency.
- 23. Review: Universal Primary Education Right to Education
- 24. THANK YOU