What's new in Android Pie

Hassan Abid
Google Developers Expert - Android
Singapore
What’s new in Android Pie

Introduction
● Twitter : hassanabidpk
● Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/hassanabidpk89
● Google Developers Expert - Android since March 2016
● Working at Live Streaming Platform Startup in SIngapore
(BeLive.sg)
● Worked in Seoul (South Korea) for over 5 years (Video Streaming
SDK, Video Editing app)

Features 1/2
● Indoor Positioning with Wi-Fi RTT
● Display Cutout
● Notifications
● Multi-camera support
● ImageDecoder for drawables and bitmaps
● Animations

Features 2/2
● HDR VP9 Video, HEIF Image Compression
● JobSchedular
● Neural Networks API 1.1
● Accessibility
● Rotation
● Text

Biggest Change??
Adaptive Battery (Read more here)

Indoor Positioning with Wi-Fi RTT
● Use Wi-Fi RTT (Round-Trip-Time) API to measure the distance to
nearby RTT-capable Wi-FI AP (also Wi-Fi Aware devices)
Requirements
● Device Must have 802.11 mcc FTM standard
● Device Must be running Android 9
● Location and Wi-Fi scanning enabled
● Must have ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission
● Access-Point must have IEEE 802.11mc

Advantages of Indoor Positioning
● Indoor Navigation
● Disambiguated Voice Control
● Location-based Information
● Accuracy of 1-2 meters
Developer guide here

Indoor Positioning RTT API
API Name API Level Remarks
RTT Package [doc]
WifiRttManager
28 Full support

Display Cutout
● Support latest edge-to-edge screens
● Test using Android Device or Emulator
running Android 9
● DisplayCutout class added
○ getDisplayCutout()

Display Cutout
● New Window layout attribute
layoutInDisplayCutoutMode added
<style name="ActivityTheme">
<item name="android:windowLayoutInDisplayCutoutMode">
shortEdges 
</item>
</style>

LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_SHORT_EDGE
S

LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_NEVER

Best Practices
● Don't let the cutout area obscure any important text, controls,
or other information
● Avoid hard-coding the status bar height (use
WindowInsetsCompat)
● Use shortEdges or never cutout modes if your app needs to
transition into and out of fullscreen mode
● See more on Android Developers site

DisplayCutout API
DisplayCutout[doc] 28 Full support
DispalyCutoutCompat[doc] Other API Levels with
androidx support library
androidx.core:core:1.0.0
Full Support

Notifications
● Starting in Android 7.0 (API level 24), you could add an
action to reply to messages
● Support for images in Android 9
● Save replies as drafts
● SmartReply
● Identify a group conversation

Notifications
// Create new Person.
val sender = Person()
.setName(name)
.setUri(uri)
.setIcon(null)
.build()
// Create image message.
val message = Message("Picture", time, sender)
.setData("image/", imageUri)
val style = Notification.MessagingStyle(getUser())
.addMessage("Check this out!", 0, sender)
.addMessage(message)

Notifications
● Android 8.0 introduced Notification Channels
● Blocking channel groups
● New broadcast intent types
○ The Android system now sends broadcast intents when the blocking
state of notification channels and channel groups’ changes

Notification API
Person[doc] 28 Use with targetSDKVersion
28
Notification.MessagingStyle (Person user) 28 Other constructors are
deprecated
addMessage (CharSequence text, long
timestamp, Person sender)
28 Person Should be null for
messages by the current
use

Multi-Camera support
● On devices running Android 9, you can access streams
simultaneously from two or more physical cameras.
● Support for external USB/UVC cameras on supported
devices
● Improvements in Session Parameters to reduce delays

ImageDecoder class
● With new ImageDecoder class
○ BitmapFactory
○ BitmapFactory.Options
● Create a Drawable or Bitmap from a byte buffer, file or a
URI
● Decode using decodeDrawable() or decodeBitmap()
● Resizing, Crop, mutable bitmap APIs also available

ImageDecoder class
A class for converting encoded images (like PNG, JPEG,
WEBP, GIF, or HEIF) into Drawable or Bitmap objects.
// Step - 1 : Create a Source
// Step - 2 : Decode source
File file = new File(...);
ImageDecoder.Source source = ImageDecoder.createSource(file);
Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source);

ImageDecoder - Change settings
// To Change default settings pass OnHeaderDecoderListener in addition to source
// Following code shows sample image with half the width and height
OnHeaderDecodedListener listener = new OnHeaderDecodedListener() {
public void onHeaderDecoded(ImageDecoder decoder, ImageInfo info,
Source source) {
decoder.setTargetSampleSize(2);
}
};
Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, listener);

ImageDecoder - GIF and WEBP
@Throws(IOException::class)
private fun decodeImage() {
val decodedAnimation = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(
ImageDecoder.createSource(resources, R.drawable.my_drawable))
// Prior to start(), the first frame is displayed.
(decodedAnimation as? AnimatedImageDrawable)?.start()
}

ImageDecoder - Customization
// Rounded corners
Drawable drawable = ImageDecoder.decodeDrawable(source, (decoder, info, src) -> {
decoder.setPostProcessor((canvas) -> {
Path path = new Path();
path.setFillType(Path.FillType.INVERSE_EVEN_ODD);
int width = canvas.getWidth();
int height = canvas.getHeight();
path.addRoundRect(0, 0, width, height, 20, 20, Path.Direction.CW);
Paint paint = new Paint();
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC));
canvas.drawPath(path, paint);
return PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
});
});

ImageDecoder
ImageDecoder[doc] 28 Full support (Should use
targetSDK 28)

HDR VP9 video, HEIF Image
● Android 9 provides support for
HDR VP9 Video Profile 2
● Support for HEIF Image
● You can do a jpeg-to-heic
conversion using ImageDecoder
or BitmapFactory

Data cost sensitivity in JobScheduler
● JobScheduler is Android's central service to help you manage
scheduled tasks or work across Doze, App Standby, and
Background Limits
● In Android 9.0, Jobs can declare data size, signal prefetching
and specify network requirements
○ Provided by carrier

Neural Network API 1.1.1
● The Neural Networks API was introduced in Android 8.1
(API level 27)
● In Android 9.0, nine new APIS are added

Text
● Precomputed Text
● Magnifier
● Smart linkify (TextClassifier)
● TextLayout
● Read more in this blog post

PreComputed Text
PrecomputedText [doc] 28 Full Support
PrecomputedTextCompat[doc] 21-27 Use internal Text layout
cache
PrecomputedTextCompat 14 - 20 Does Nothing

Magnifier
Magnifier [doc] 28 Only API Level 28 and high

TextClassifier (Smart Linkify)
TextClassifier[doc] 26+ Full Support

TextView (Text Layout)
TextView [doc] Target SDK : 28 New APIS : lineHeight,
firstBaselineToTopHeight,
lastBaselineToBottomHeigh
t

Slices
● Slices are UI templates that can display rich, dynamic, and
interactive content from your app from within the Google Search
app and the Google Assistant
● Developer Guide

Security
● Apps no longer need to build
their own dialog--instead they
use the BiometricPrompt API to
show the standard system
dialog
● HTTPS by default

App Actions
● Developers Preview coming soon

Migrating App to Android 9.0
Checking compatibility and updating targetSdkVersion

Summary
● Android Pie SDK is now more Kotlin friendly
● Display Cutout
● Notifications
● TextClassifier enhancements using Machine Learning
● Slices
● ImageDecoder
● New System Navigation
● Etc.

Appendix
https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2018/08/introducing-android-9-pie.html
https://developer.android.com/about/versions/pie/android-9.0
https://developer.android.com/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-migration#bfa
https://medium.com/exploring-android/exploring-android-p-display-cutouts-42885e8a2a96
https://developer.android.com/guide/actions/
https://developer.android.com/guide/slices/

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