Transient or permanent loss of tissue perfusion due to ischaemic stroke can lead to damage
to the neurovasculature, and disrupt brain homeostasis, causing long-term motor and …

Ischemic stroke (IS), a common cerebrovascular disease, results from a sudden blockage of
a blood vessel in the brain, thereby restricting blood supply to the area in question, and …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of fatality and disability worldwide.
Despite its high prevalence, effective treatment strategies for TBI are limited. Traumatic brain …

Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory responses are involved in the progression
of brain injuries induced by a diverse range of insults, including ischemia, hemorrhage …

Restorative strategies after stroke are focused on the remodeling of cerebral endothelial
cells and brain parenchymal cells. The latter, ie, neurons, neural precursor cells and glial …

Pericytes are specialized cells located in close proximity to endothelial cells within the
microvasculature. They play a crucial role in regulating blood flow, stabilizing vessel walls …

Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that blocks the flux of
extracellular calcium through L-type, voltage-gated calcium channels. While nimodipine is …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is an interface primarily comprised of brain endothelial cells
(BECs), separating the central nervous system (CNS) from the systemic circulation while …

Brain swelling causes morbidity and mortality in various brain injuries and diseases but
lacks effective treatments. Brain swelling is linked to the influx of water into perivascular …

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death, and even timely treatment can result
in severe disabilities. Reperfusion of the ischemic stroke region and restoration of the blood …