Chemistrie: Difference atween revisions
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[[File:Chemicals in flasks.jpg|thumb|right|Solutions o substances in reagent bottles, includin [[ammonium hydroxide]] an [[nitric acid]], illuminatit in different colours]] |
[[File:Chemicals in flasks.jpg|thumb|right|Solutions o substances in reagent bottles, includin [[ammonium hydroxide]] an [[nitric acid]], illuminatit in different colours]] |
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'''Chemistrie''' (frae Greek: ''χημεία'') is the |
'''Chemistrie''' (frae Greek: ''χημεία'') is the scienteefic discipline o [[maiter|matter]] <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Brown|first=Theodore L.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/959261553|title=Chemistry : the central science|date=2018|isbn=978-0-13-441423-2|edition=14th edition|location=New York|oclc=959261553}}</ref> an its interactions wi energie an wi itsel. Acause o the diversitie o maiter, that is maistlins in the form o [[atom]]s, [[chemist]]s aften studies the wey atoms o differin chemical [[element]]s interacts ti mak [[molecule]]s an the wey molecules interacts wi ilk ither.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chemistry Is Everywhere|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/everywhere.html|access-date=2021-06-05|website=American Chemical Society|language=en}}</ref> |
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Chemistry is |
Chemistry is whiles cawed <nowiki>''</nowiki>the central science<nowiki>''</nowiki> acause it bridges ither [[Naitural science|Naitural sciences]] like [[Pheesics]], [[geologie|Geology]] and [[biologie|Biology]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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The current model o atomic structur is the quantum mechanical model. Tradeetional chemistrie sterts wi the study o elementary [[Pairticle|pairticles]], atoms, molecules, substances, [[Metal|metals]], [[Creestal structur|creestals]] and ither aggregates o matter. Matter mey be studied in solid, [[liquid]], [[gas]] an [[Plasma (pheesics)|plasma]] states, in isolation or in combination. The interactions, reactions an transformations whit are studied in chemistrie are uisually the eftercast o interactions atween atoms, leading tae rearrangements o the chemical baunds whit haud atoms thegether. Sic behaviors are studied in a chemistrie laboratory.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lowe|first=Derek|date=May 2015|title=Laboratory history: The chemistry chronicles|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/521422a|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=521|issue=7553|pages=422–422|doi=10.1038/521422a|issn=1476-4687}}</ref> |
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[[File:Laboratory bench.jpg|left|thumb|Chemistrie laboratory bench]] |
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The chemistrie laboratory uisually uises sindry forms o laboratory glessware. Housomiver glessware is nae central tae chemistrie, and mony experimental (and applee'd/industrial chemistrie is daen withoot it). |
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[[File:Periodic Table Name Symbol Atomic Number and Mass.jpg|thumb|Periodic Table o Elements]] |
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A chemical reaction is a transformation o some substances intae yin or mair different substances. The basis o sic a chemical transformation is the rearrangement o [[Electron|electrons i]]<nowiki/>n the chemical baunds atween atoms. It can be seembolically shawn throu a chemical equation, whit uisually involves atoms as subjects. The nummer o atoms oan the left and the richt i' the equation for a chemical transformation is equal. (Whan the nummer o atoms on either side is unequal, the transformation is cawed a [[nuclear reaction]] or [[radioactive decay]]). The type o chemical reactions a substance micht undergo and the energie chynges whit micht follae it are constreenit bi certaint basic rules, kent as chemical laws.<ref>{{Cite web|last=July 2020|first=Alane Lim 29|title=What Is Chemistry?|url=https://www.livescience.com/45986-what-is-chemistry.html|access-date=2021-06-05|website=livescience.com|language=en}}</ref> |
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[[Energy|Energie]] and entropy conseederations are invariably important in maistlins chemical studies. Chemical substances are clessifeed in terms o thair structur, phase, and thair chemical composeetions. Thay can be analyzed uising the tuils o chemical analysis, e.g. spectroscopy and chromatography. |
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Scientists engagin in chemical research are kent as chemists. Maist chemists specialize in yin or mair sub-discipleens. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Chemist {{!}} Explore careers {{!}} National Careers Service|url=https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/chemist|access-date=2021-06-05|website=nationalcareers.service.gov.uk|language=en-gb}}</ref> |
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Latest reveesion aes o 09:06, 27 Februar 2023
Chemistrie (frae Greek: χημεία) is the scienteefic discipline o matter [1] an its interactions wi energie an wi itsel. Acause o the diversitie o maiter, that is maistlins in the form o atoms, chemists aften studies the wey atoms o differin chemical elements interacts ti mak molecules an the wey molecules interacts wi ilk ither.[2]
Chemistry is whiles cawed ''the central science'' acause it bridges ither Naitural sciences like Pheesics, Geology and Biology.[1]
The current model o atomic structur is the quantum mechanical model. Tradeetional chemistrie sterts wi the study o elementary pairticles, atoms, molecules, substances, metals, creestals and ither aggregates o matter. Matter mey be studied in solid, liquid, gas an plasma states, in isolation or in combination. The interactions, reactions an transformations whit are studied in chemistrie are uisually the eftercast o interactions atween atoms, leading tae rearrangements o the chemical baunds whit haud atoms thegether. Sic behaviors are studied in a chemistrie laboratory.[3]
The chemistrie laboratory uisually uises sindry forms o laboratory glessware. Housomiver glessware is nae central tae chemistrie, and mony experimental (and applee'd/industrial chemistrie is daen withoot it).
A chemical reaction is a transformation o some substances intae yin or mair different substances. The basis o sic a chemical transformation is the rearrangement o electrons in the chemical baunds atween atoms. It can be seembolically shawn throu a chemical equation, whit uisually involves atoms as subjects. The nummer o atoms oan the left and the richt i' the equation for a chemical transformation is equal. (Whan the nummer o atoms on either side is unequal, the transformation is cawed a nuclear reaction or radioactive decay). The type o chemical reactions a substance micht undergo and the energie chynges whit micht follae it are constreenit bi certaint basic rules, kent as chemical laws.[4]
Energie and entropy conseederations are invariably important in maistlins chemical studies. Chemical substances are clessifeed in terms o thair structur, phase, and thair chemical composeetions. Thay can be analyzed uising the tuils o chemical analysis, e.g. spectroscopy and chromatography.
Scientists engagin in chemical research are kent as chemists. Maist chemists specialize in yin or mair sub-discipleens. [5]
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- ↑ a b Brown, Theodore L. (2018). Chemistry : the central science (14th edition ed.). New York. ISBN 978-0-13-441423-2. OCLC 959261553.CS1 maint: extra text (link)
- ↑ "Chemistry Is Everywhere". American Chemical Society (in Inglis). Retrieved 5 Juin 2021.
- ↑ Lowe, Derek (Mey 2015). "Laboratory history: The chemistry chronicles". Nature (in Inglis). 521 (7553): 422–422. doi:10.1038/521422a. ISSN 1476-4687.
- ↑ July 2020, Alane Lim 29. "What Is Chemistry?". livescience.com (in Inglis). Retrieved 5 Juin 2021.
- ↑ "Chemist | Explore careers | National Careers Service". nationalcareers.service.gov.uk (in Inglis). Retrieved 5 Juin 2021.