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{{Taxobox
{{Translation|simple|SARS-CoV-2}}
| name = SARS-CoV-2
⚫
'''SARS coronavirus 2''' ('''SARS-CoV-2''') es un filamento singulo [[RNA]] [[coronavirus]] que causa le maladia [[COVID-19]]. <ref name="Time">{{cite news|url=https://time.com/5782284/who-name-coronavirus-covid-19/|title=What's in a Name? Why WHO's Formal Name for the New Coronavirus Disease Matters|author=Sanya Mansoor|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2020|publisher=Time}}</ref> Ante soleva cognoscite ut '''2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)''' ab le [[Organisation Mundial del Sanitate|Organisation Mundial del Sanitate (Anglese:World Health Organization)]] (WHO).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/surveillance-case-definitions-for-human-infection-with-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)|title=Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV)|website=who.int|accessdate=21 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html|title=Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Wuhan, China|date=10 January 2020|website=cdc.gov|publisher=cdc.gov|url-status=live|accessdate=16 January 2020}}</ref>
| image = Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.jpg
| image_alt = Electron micrograph of SARS-CoV-2 virions with visible coronae
| image_caption = Transmission electron micrographia colorisate de SARS-CoV-2 [[virus|virions]]<br>con lor "corona" de spicas visibile.
| domain = [[Riboviria]]
| regnum = [[Orthornavirae]]
| phylum = [[Pisuviricota]]
| classis = [[Pisoniviricetes]]
| ordo = [[Nidovirales]]
| subordo= Cornidovirineae
| familia = [[Coronaviridae]]
| subfamilia = [[Orthocoronavirinae]]
| genus = ''[[Betacoronavirus]]''
| subgenus = ''[[Sarbecovirus]]''
| species = ''[[SARSr-CoV]]<br>{{small|Severe acute respiratory<br>syndrome-related coronavirus}}''
}}
⚫
Le '''Coronavirus 2 del syndrome respiratori acute sever''' (abbreviate: '''SARS-CoV-2'''<ref>''SARS'' veni del acronymo anglese: ''Severe acute respiratory syndrome''</ref>) es un [[virus de ARN]] [[monocatenari]] del [[Familia (rango taxonomic)|familia]] [[Coronavirus|Coronaviridae]], que causa le [[COVID-19|maladia de coronavirus 2019]] (Covid-19)<ref name="Time">{{cite news|url=https://time.com/5782284/who-name-coronavirus-covid-19/|title=What's in a Name? Why WHO's Formal Name for the New Coronavirus Disease Matters|author=Sanya Mansoor|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2020|publisher=Time}}</ref>. Illo essava initialmente cognoscite como '''nove coronavirus-19''' (abbreviate: '''2019-nCoV''') per le [[Organisation Mundial del Sanitate]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/surveillance-case-definitions-for-human-infection-with-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)|title=Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV)|website=who.int|accessdate=21 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html|title=Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Wuhan, China|date=10 January 2020|website=cdc.gov|publisher=cdc.gov|url-status=live|accessdate=16 January 2020}}</ref>.


Le virus lanceava le [[2019–20 coronavirus eruption]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinacdc.cn/dfdt/201912/t20191226_209404.html|title=中国疾病预防控制中心|website=chinacdc.cn|accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/09/c_138690570.htm|title=New-type coronavirus causes pneumonia in Wuhan: expert |agency=Xinhua |accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://platform.gisaid.org/epi3/start/CoV2020|title=CoV2020|website=platform.gisaid.org|url-status=live|accessdate=12 January 2020}}</ref> Le primus cases suspectate esseva reportate ad WHO in le December 31, 2019.<ref name="WHO5Jan2020">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|title=Pneumonia of unknown cause – China. Disease outbreak news|last=|first=|date=5 January 2020|website=|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|accessdate=6 January 2020|quote=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107032945/https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|archive-date=7 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Schnirring14Jan2020">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|title=Report: Thailand's coronavirus patient didn't visit outbreak market|last=Schnirring|first=Lisa|date=14 January 2020|website=CIDRAP|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114230152/http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|archive-date=14 January 2020|accessdate=15 January 2020}}</ref> Plures primero casos del hoc novo coronavirus fue vinculate ad Huanan [[Mercato]] Grosero de [[Alimento]] del [[Mar]](Mariscos), [[China]]. Le virus poteva venite ex [[animal]]es appestate. Non es certe que iste loco fue le fonte del [[epidemic]]. <ref name=CDC18Jan2020>[http://www.nj.gov/health/cd/documents/topics/NCOV/NCoV_LINCS_wuhan_update_011820_combined.pdf "Update and Interim Guidance on Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China CDC Health Update"]. New Jersey Department of Health. 18 January 2020</ref>
Le virus lanceava le [[Pandemia de Covid-19|pandemia de coronavirus 2019-2020]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinacdc.cn/dfdt/201912/t20191226_209404.html|title=中国疾病预防控制中心|website=chinacdc.cn|accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/09/c_138690570.htm|title=New-type coronavirus causes pneumonia in Wuhan: expert|agency=Xinhua|accessdate=9 January 2020|archivedate=9 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109084208/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/09/c_138690570.htm}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://platform.gisaid.org/epi3/start/CoV2020|title=CoV2020|website=platform.gisaid.org|url-status=live|accessdate=12 January 2020}}</ref> Le prime casos suspectate esseva reportate per le [[Organisation Mundial del Sanitate|OMS]] le 31 de decembre 2019.<ref name="WHO5Jan2020">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|title=Pneumonia of unknown cause – China. Disease outbreak news|last=|first=|date=5 January 2020|website=|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|accessdate=6 January 2020|quote=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107032945/https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|archive-date=7 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Schnirring14Jan2020">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|title=Report: Thailand's coronavirus patient didn't visit outbreak market|last=Schnirring|first=Lisa|date=14 January 2020|website=CIDRAP|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114230152/http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|archive-date=14 January 2020|accessdate=15 January 2020}}</ref> Plure casos del nove coronavirus esseva vinculate al [[mercato]] de [[Alimento|alimentos]] [[Mar|marin]] de [[Wuhan]], in [[China]]. Le virus poterea venir ex [[animal]]es appestate in le mercato, ma il non es ancora certe que iste loco es le fonte del [[epidemic|epidemia]].<ref name=CDC18Jan2020>[http://www.nj.gov/health/cd/documents/topics/NCOV/NCoV_LINCS_wuhan_update_011820_combined.pdf "Update and Interim Guidance on Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China CDC Health Update"]. New Jersey Department of Health. 18 January 2020</ref>


Le material genetic de iste nova coronavirus mostra similaritates ad SARS-CoV (79.5%)<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.22.914952v2|title=Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin|first1=Peng|last1=Zhou|first2=Xing-Lou|last2=Yang|first3=Xian-Guang|last3=Wang|first4=Ben|last4=Hu|first5=Lei|last5=Zhang|first6=Wei|last6=Zhang|first7=Hao-Rui|last7=Si|date=23 January 2020|journal=bioRxiv|pages=2020.01.22.914952|via=www.biorxiv.org|doi=10.1101/2020.01.22.914952}}</ref> e coronaviruses vespertilion(96%).[14] Hoc significa que le virus pote habe primum venite ex [[vespertilion]].<ref name=":3">Sample [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772933 CoVZC45] and [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772934 CoVZXC21], see [https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov there for an interactive visualisation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120190511/https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov |date=20 January 2020 }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite journal|title=The 2019 new Coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.24.915157v1|journal=bioRxiv|volume=|pages=2020.01.24.915157|doi=10.1101/2020.01.24.915157|via=|year=2020|last1=Benvenuto|first1=Domenico|last2=Giovannetti|first2=Marta|last3=Ciccozzi|first3=Alessandra|last4=Spoto|first4=Silvia|last5=Angeletti|first5=Silvia|last6=Ciccozzi|first6=Massimo}}</ref><ref name="Cyranoski">{{Cite journal|last=Callaway|first=Ewen|last2=Cyranoski|first2=David|date=23 January 2020|title=Why snakes probably aren't spreading the new China virus|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|journal=Nature|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00180-8|accessdate=27 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125051951/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|archive-date=25 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
Le material genetic de iste nove coronavirus monstra similaritates con le SARS-CoV (79.5%)<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.22.914952v2|title=Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin|first1=Peng|last1=Zhou|first2=Xing-Lou|last2=Yang|first3=Xian-Guang|last3=Wang|first4=Ben|last4=Hu|first5=Lei|last5=Zhang|first6=Wei|last6=Zhang|first7=Hao-Rui|last7=Si|date=23 January 2020|journal=bioRxiv|pages=2020.01.22.914952|via=www.biorxiv.org|doi=10.1101/2020.01.22.914952}}</ref> e altere cippos de coronavirus de [[vespertilion]] (96%). Hoc significa que le virus pote haber primo venite ex vespertiliones.<ref name=":3">Sample [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772933 CoVZC45] and [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772934 CoVZXC21], see [https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov there for an interactive visualisation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120190511/https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov |date=20 January 2020 }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite journal|title=The 2019 new Coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.24.915157v1|journal=bioRxiv|volume=|pages=2020.01.24.915157|doi=10.1101/2020.01.24.915157|via=|year=2020|last1=Benvenuto|first1=Domenico|last2=Giovannetti|first2=Marta|last3=Ciccozzi|first3=Alessandra|last4=Spoto|first4=Silvia|last5=Angeletti|first5=Silvia|last6=Ciccozzi|first6=Massimo}}</ref><ref name="Cyranoski">{{Cite journal|last=Callaway|first=Ewen|last2=Cyranoski|first2=David|date=23 January 2020|title=Why snakes probably aren't spreading the new China virus|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|journal=Nature|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00180-8|accessdate=27 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125051951/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|archive-date=25 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
Le [[scientista]]s faceva pluriore [[experimenta]]s que mostrava que le virus forsan vadeva ex vespertilion ad hoste intermediate, significante alter animal inter le vespertilion et humanos.
<!--= simple ==
'''SARS coronavirus 2''' ('''SARS-CoV-2''') is a [[Positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus|positive-sense]], single-stranded [[RNA]] [[coronavirus]] which causes the disease [[COVID-19]].<ref name="Time">{{cite news|url=https://time.com/5782284/who-name-coronavirus-covid-19/|title=What's in a Name? Why WHO's Formal Name for the New Coronavirus Disease Matters|author=Sanya Mansoor|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2020|publisher=Time}}</ref>It used to be known as '''2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)''' by the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) ({{zh|s=2019新型冠狀病毒}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/surveillance-case-definitions-for-human-infection-with-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)|title=Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV)|website=who.int|accessdate=21 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/novel-coronavirus-2019.html|title=Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Wuhan, China|date=10 January 2020|website=cdc.gov|publisher=cdc.gov|url-status=live|accessdate=16 January 2020}}</ref>, and informally known as the '''Wuhan coronavirus''' ({{zh|s={{linktext|武汉|冠状|病毒}}|t={{linktext|武漢|冠狀|病毒}}}}) or '''Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus'''.<ref name="MN908947">{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Y.-Z. |display-authors=etal |title=Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus isolate Wuhan-Hu-1, complete genome |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947 |website=GenBank |accessdate=13 January 2020 |location=Bethesda MD |date=12 January 2020}}</ref>


Le scientistas faceva varie experimentos que monstrava que le virus forsan vadeva ex vespertiliones ad hospites intermedie, significante que altere animales hospitante existe inter le vespertilion e le [[Homo sapiens|human]].
The virus started the [[2019–20 coronavirus outbreak]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinacdc.cn/dfdt/201912/t20191226_209404.html|title=中国疾病预防控制中心|website=chinacdc.cn|accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/09/c_138690570.htm|title=New-type coronavirus causes pneumonia in Wuhan: expert |agency=Xinhua |accessdate=9 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://platform.gisaid.org/epi3/start/CoV2020|title=CoV2020|website=platform.gisaid.org|url-status=live|accessdate=12 January 2020}}</ref> The first suspected cases were [[Notifiable disease#Global|reported]] to the WHO on December 31, 2019.<ref name="WHO5Jan2020">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|title=Pneumonia of unknown cause – China. Disease outbreak news|last=|first=|date=5 January 2020|website=|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|accessdate=6 January 2020|quote=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107032945/https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/|archive-date=7 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Schnirring14Jan2020">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|title=Report: Thailand's coronavirus patient didn't visit outbreak market|last=Schnirring|first=Lisa|date=14 January 2020|website=CIDRAP|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114230152/http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/report-thailands-coronavirus-patient-didnt-visit-outbreak-market|archive-date=14 January 2020|accessdate=15 January 2020}}</ref>
{{Wikinews|World Health Organization names new coronavirus COVID-19}}
Many early cases of this new coronavirus were linked to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, a large seafood and animal market in [[Wuhan]], China. The virus may have come from infected animals. It is not certain that this place was the source of the [[epidemic]].<ref name=CDC18Jan2020>[http://www.nj.gov/health/cd/documents/topics/NCOV/NCoV_LINCS_wuhan_update_011820_combined.pdf "Update and Interim Guidance on Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China CDC Health Update"]. New Jersey Department of Health. 18 January 2020</ref>


==Principal variantes preoccupante==
The genetic material of this virus showed many similarities to [[SARS-CoV]] (79.5%)<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.22.914952v2|title=Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin|first1=Peng|last1=Zhou|first2=Xing-Lou|last2=Yang|first3=Xian-Guang|last3=Wang|first4=Ben|last4=Hu|first5=Lei|last5=Zhang|first6=Wei|last6=Zhang|first7=Hao-Rui|last7=Si|date=23 January 2020|journal=bioRxiv|pages=2020.01.22.914952|via=www.biorxiv.org|doi=10.1101/2020.01.22.914952}}</ref> and bat coronaviruses (96%).<ref name=":2" /> This means the virus may have originally [[zoonosis|come from bats]].<ref name=":3">Sample [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772933 CoVZC45] and [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772934 CoVZXC21], see [https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov there for an interactive visualisation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120190511/https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov |date=20 January 2020 }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite journal|title=The 2019 new Coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.24.915157v1|journal=bioRxiv|volume=|pages=2020.01.24.915157|doi=10.1101/2020.01.24.915157|via=|year=2020|last1=Benvenuto|first1=Domenico|last2=Giovannetti|first2=Marta|last3=Ciccozzi|first3=Alessandra|last4=Spoto|first4=Silvia|last5=Angeletti|first5=Silvia|last6=Ciccozzi|first6=Massimo}}</ref><ref name="Cyranoski">{{Cite journal|last=Callaway|first=Ewen|last2=Cyranoski|first2=David|date=23 January 2020|title=Why snakes probably aren't spreading the new China virus|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|journal=Nature|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00180-8|accessdate=27 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125051951/https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00180-8|archive-date=25 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Scientists did more experiments that showed the virus probably went from bats to an [[intermediate host]], meaning another animal in between bats and humans.
A mesura que la pandemia progressa, le virus evolua pro se adaptar al immunisation del population e de nove variantes appare con mutations genetic que permitte le {{Ill|en|evasion antigenic|Antigenic escape}} (escappamento al [[anticorpore]]s del responsa immunitari). Iste mutations concerna principalmente le dominio de ligamine al receptor sur le qual le anticorpores se fixa.
-->

== Referentiaes==
Depost la apparition del duo cippos original (A & B) al fin de 2019 a [[Wuhan]]<ref>Xiaolu Tang, Changcheng Wu, Xiang Li, Yuhe Song, Xinmin Yao, Xinkai Wu, Yuange Duan, Hong Zhang, Yirong Wang, Zhaohui Qian, Jie Cui, Jian Lu, [https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036 On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2], National Science Review, Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2020, Pages 1012–1023, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036</ref>, le principal variantes responsabile de ondas de contamination es le siquente:
* '''Alpha (B.1.1.7)''', apparite in octobre 2020 al [[Regno Unite]];
* '''Beta (B.1.351)''', apparite le 18 decembre 2020 in [[Africa del Sud]];
* '''Gamma (P.1)''', apparite le 6 januario 2021 in Japan de personas originari del [[Brasil]]; P1 e P.2 deriva de B.1.1.28 que harea circulate al Brasil depois februario 2020;
* '''Delta (B.1.617.2)''', derivante del B.1.617 apparite le 5 octobre 2020 in [[India]];
* '''Omicron (B.1.1.529)''', discoprite in Africa del Sud in novembre 2021 con circa trenta mutations sul {{Ill|en|spicula proteina|Coronavirus spike protein}}; del 3 formas BA.1, BA.2 e BA.3, '''BA.2''' es le plus frequente. Le coronavirus continua su evolution in le familia del subvariantes Omicron:
** '''BA.4/BA.5''', classate preoccupante le 17 maio 2022, es responsabile del unda epidemic del primavera-estate 2022 in [[Europa]]; le subvariantes '''BA.2.75''', '''BA.5.3.1''' e '''BF.7''' prolonga le contaminations;
** '''BQ.1.1''' (B.1.1.529.5.3.1.1.1.1.1.1) associate con disordines gatrointestinal (Nigeria 07-2022);<ref>https://www.inspq.qc.ca/covid-19/labo/variants</ref>
** '''XBB.1.5''' 'Kraken', es un variante recombinante (XBB = BJ.1 x BA.2.75) discoperite al [[Statos Unite de America|SUA]] in octobre 2022; le vaccino es actualisate pro proteger contre iste variante;<ref>https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-action-updated-mrna-covid-19-vaccines-better-protect-against-currently-circulating</ref><ref>https://www.vidal.fr/actualites/30397-vaccination-covid-19-trois-nouvelles-formulations-de-comirnaty-adaptees-au-variant-xbb-1-5.html</ref>
** XBB.1.9 'Hyperion';
** XBB.1.16 'Arcturus', sub vigilantia al primavera 2023;
** XBB.2.3 'Acrux';
** '''EG.5.1''' (=XBB.1.9.2.5.1) 'Eris', emergente in augusto 2023 (del 'Hyperion' clan).<ref>https://www.midilibre.fr/2023/08/07/eris-le-nouveau-variant-du-covid-contagiosite-nombre-de-cas-quel-est-ce-virus-qui-descend-domicron-11383307.php</ref>
** '''JN.1''' (=BA.2.86.1.1, septembre 2023)<ref>https://www.santemagazine.fr/actualites/actualites-sante/tout-savoir-sur-jn1-le-nouveau-variant-du-covid-19-notamment-repere-au-royaume-uni-1040261</ref>, subvariante de Pirola (BA.2.86, sub surveliantia depost augusto 2023)<ref>https://fr.italy24.press/coronavirus/835123.html</ref>. Iste ultime se characterisa per eruptiones cutanee (principalmente sul facie e axillas) e irritation [[oculo|ocular]], ultra digestive symptomas.<ref>https://lasanteauquotidien.com/coronavirus-covid-19/covid-19-quel-est-ce-nouveau-symptome-du-variant-pirola-qui-touche-le-visage/</ref>
** XDK, sub surveliantia in Francia in martio 2024, un recombinante JN1 x XBB.1.16.<ref>https://www.capital.fr/economie-politique/covid-19-un-nouveau-variant-recombinant-xdk-identifie-faut-il-s-en-mefier-1495302</ref>
** '''KP.2''' (=B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.2=JN.1.11.1.2, [[Statos Unite de America|SUA]], april 2024), un variante "FLiRT" (gruppo de variantes characterisate per mutationes F456L e R346T in spicula proteina, meliorante le escappamento de JN.1 al [[anticorpore]]s); V1104L compensa un ligamine plus debile al ACE2 receptor.<ref>https://cov-lineages.org/lineage_list.html</ref><ref>https://theconversation.com/as-covid-cases-rise-again-what-do-i-need-to-know-about-the-new-flirt-variants-230423</ref><ref>(pdf) https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.20.595020v1.full.pdf</ref>

== Referentias==
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[[Categoria:Virus]]
[[Categoria:Coronaviridae]]
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[[Categoria:Virus pathogen]]

Version actual del 10:02, 27 maio 2024

Wikipedia:Uso de taxoboxWikipedia:Uso de taxobox
Wikipedia:Uso de taxobox
SARS-CoV-2
Transmission electron micrographia colorisate de SARS-CoV-2 virions con lor "corona" de spicas visibile.
Transmission electron micrographia colorisate de SARS-CoV-2 virions
con lor "corona" de spicas visibile.
Classification scientific
Dominio: Riboviria
Regno: Orthornavirae
Phylo: Pisuviricota
Classe: Pisoniviricetes
Ordine: Nidovirales
Subordine: Cornidovirineae
Familia: Coronaviridae
Subfamilia: Orthocoronavirinae
Genere: Betacoronavirus
Subgenere: Sarbecovirus
Species: SARSr-CoV
Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-related coronavirus

Le Coronavirus 2 del syndrome respiratori acute sever (abbreviate: SARS-CoV-2[1]) es un virus de ARN monocatenari del familia Coronaviridae, que causa le maladia de coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19)[2]. Illo essava initialmente cognoscite como nove coronavirus-19 (abbreviate: 2019-nCoV) per le Organisation Mundial del Sanitate[3][4].

Le virus lanceava le pandemia de coronavirus 2019-2020.[5][6][7] Le prime casos suspectate esseva reportate per le OMS le 31 de decembre 2019.[8][9] Plure casos del nove coronavirus esseva vinculate al mercato de alimentos marin de Wuhan, in China. Le virus poterea venir ex animales appestate in le mercato, ma il non es ancora certe que iste loco es le fonte del epidemia.[10]

Le material genetic de iste nove coronavirus monstra similaritates con le SARS-CoV (79.5%)[11] e altere cippos de coronavirus de vespertilion (96%). Hoc significa que le virus pote haber primo venite ex vespertiliones.[12][13][14]

Le scientistas faceva varie experimentos que monstrava que le virus forsan vadeva ex vespertiliones ad hospites intermedie, significante que altere animales hospitante existe inter le vespertilion e le human.

Principal variantes preoccupante[modificar | modificar fonte]

A mesura que la pandemia progressa, le virus evolua pro se adaptar al immunisation del population e de nove variantes appare con mutations genetic que permitte le evasion antigenic (en) (escappamento al anticorpores del responsa immunitari). Iste mutations concerna principalmente le dominio de ligamine al receptor sur le qual le anticorpores se fixa.

Depost la apparition del duo cippos original (A & B) al fin de 2019 a Wuhan[15], le principal variantes responsabile de ondas de contamination es le siquente:

  • Alpha (B.1.1.7), apparite in octobre 2020 al Regno Unite;
  • Beta (B.1.351), apparite le 18 decembre 2020 in Africa del Sud;
  • Gamma (P.1), apparite le 6 januario 2021 in Japan de personas originari del Brasil; P1 e P.2 deriva de B.1.1.28 que harea circulate al Brasil depois februario 2020;
  • Delta (B.1.617.2), derivante del B.1.617 apparite le 5 octobre 2020 in India;
  • Omicron (B.1.1.529), discoprite in Africa del Sud in novembre 2021 con circa trenta mutations sul spicula proteina (en); del 3 formas BA.1, BA.2 e BA.3, BA.2 es le plus frequente. Le coronavirus continua su evolution in le familia del subvariantes Omicron:
    • BA.4/BA.5, classate preoccupante le 17 maio 2022, es responsabile del unda epidemic del primavera-estate 2022 in Europa; le subvariantes BA.2.75, BA.5.3.1 e BF.7 prolonga le contaminations;
    • BQ.1.1 (B.1.1.529.5.3.1.1.1.1.1.1) associate con disordines gatrointestinal (Nigeria 07-2022);[16]
    • XBB.1.5 'Kraken', es un variante recombinante (XBB = BJ.1 x BA.2.75) discoperite al SUA in octobre 2022; le vaccino es actualisate pro proteger contre iste variante;[17][18]
    • XBB.1.9 'Hyperion';
    • XBB.1.16 'Arcturus', sub vigilantia al primavera 2023;
    • XBB.2.3 'Acrux';
    • EG.5.1 (=XBB.1.9.2.5.1) 'Eris', emergente in augusto 2023 (del 'Hyperion' clan).[19]
    • JN.1 (=BA.2.86.1.1, septembre 2023)[20], subvariante de Pirola (BA.2.86, sub surveliantia depost augusto 2023)[21]. Iste ultime se characterisa per eruptiones cutanee (principalmente sul facie e axillas) e irritation ocular, ultra digestive symptomas.[22]
    • XDK, sub surveliantia in Francia in martio 2024, un recombinante JN1 x XBB.1.16.[23]
    • KP.2 (=B.1.1.529.2.86.1.1.11.1.2=JN.1.11.1.2, SUA, april 2024), un variante "FLiRT" (gruppo de variantes characterisate per mutationes F456L e R346T in spicula proteina, meliorante le escappamento de JN.1 al anticorpores); V1104L compensa un ligamine plus debile al ACE2 receptor.[24][25][26]

Referentias[modificar | modificar fonte]

  1. ↑ SARS veni del acronymo anglese: Severe acute respiratory syndrome
  2. ↑ Sanya Mansoor (February 11, 2020). "What's in a Name? Why WHO's Formal Name for the New Coronavirus Disease Matters", Time. Recuperate le February 13, 2020. 
  3. ↑ Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV). Recuperate le 21 January 2020.
  4. ↑ Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Wuhan, China. cdc.gov (10 January 2020). Recuperate le 16 January 2020.
  5. ↑ 中国疾病预防控制中心. Recuperate le 9 January 2020.
  6. ↑ New-type coronavirus causes pneumonia in Wuhan: expert. Archivo del original create le 9 January 2020. Recuperate le 9 January 2020.
  7. ↑ CoV2020. Recuperate le 12 January 2020.
  8. ↑ Pneumonia of unknown cause – China. Disease outbreak news. World Health Organization (5 January 2020). Recuperate le 6 January 2020.
  9. ↑ Schnirring, Lisa (14 January 2020). Report: Thailand's coronavirus patient didn't visit outbreak market (anglese). Recuperate le 15 January 2020.
  10. ↑ "Update and Interim Guidance on Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China CDC Health Update". New Jersey Department of Health. 18 January 2020
  11. ↑ "Discovery of a novel coronavirus associated with the recent pneumonia outbreak in humans and its potential bat origin" (23 January 2020). bioRxiv: 2020.01.22.914952. doi:10.1101/2020.01.22.914952. 
  12. ↑ Sample CoVZC45 and CoVZXC21, see there for an interactive visualisation Archived 20 januario 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ↑ "The 2019 new Coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution" (2020). bioRxiv: 2020.01.24.915157. doi:10.1101/2020.01.24.915157. 
  14. ↑ Callaway, Ewen (23 January 2020). "Why snakes probably aren't spreading the new China virus". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00180-8. Recuperate le 27 January 2020. 
  15. ↑ Xiaolu Tang, Changcheng Wu, Xiang Li, Yuhe Song, Xinmin Yao, Xinkai Wu, Yuange Duan, Hong Zhang, Yirong Wang, Zhaohui Qian, Jie Cui, Jian Lu, On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2, National Science Review, Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2020, Pages 1012–1023, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036
  16. ↑ https://www.inspq.qc.ca/covid-19/labo/variants
  17. ↑ https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-action-updated-mrna-covid-19-vaccines-better-protect-against-currently-circulating
  18. ↑ https://www.vidal.fr/actualites/30397-vaccination-covid-19-trois-nouvelles-formulations-de-comirnaty-adaptees-au-variant-xbb-1-5.html
  19. ↑ https://www.midilibre.fr/2023/08/07/eris-le-nouveau-variant-du-covid-contagiosite-nombre-de-cas-quel-est-ce-virus-qui-descend-domicron-11383307.php
  20. ↑ https://www.santemagazine.fr/actualites/actualites-sante/tout-savoir-sur-jn1-le-nouveau-variant-du-covid-19-notamment-repere-au-royaume-uni-1040261
  21. ↑ https://fr.italy24.press/coronavirus/835123.html
  22. ↑ https://lasanteauquotidien.com/coronavirus-covid-19/covid-19-quel-est-ce-nouveau-symptome-du-variant-pirola-qui-touche-le-visage/
  23. ↑ https://www.capital.fr/economie-politique/covid-19-un-nouveau-variant-recombinant-xdk-identifie-faut-il-s-en-mefier-1495302
  24. ↑ https://cov-lineages.org/lineage_list.html
  25. ↑ https://theconversation.com/as-covid-cases-rise-again-what-do-i-need-to-know-about-the-new-flirt-variants-230423
  26. ↑ (pdf) https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.20.595020v1.full.pdf
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