(Go: >> BACK << -|- >> HOME <<)
Saltar al contento

Piranshahr: Differentia inter versiones

De Wikipedia, le encyclopedia libere
Explorar historia interactivemente
[version non revidite][version non revidite]
← Version plus ancianVersion plus nove →
Contento delite Contento addite
VisualWikitexto
Nulle summario de modification
Contento reimplaciate per '{{infobox settlement}} '''Piranshahr''' esse un citate in Iran.'
Linea 1: Linea 1:
{{infobox settlement}}
{{delete|lingua improprie}}
'''Piranshahr''' esse un citate in Iran.

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name =Piranshahr
|native_name = پیرانشهر مکریان
|native_name_lang = کوردى
|settlement_type = City
|image_skyline = File:piranshahr2014.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|pushpin_map =Iran
|mapsize =150px
|coordinates_region = IR
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}}
|subdivision_type1 =[[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 =[[West Azerbaijan Province|West Azerbaijan]]
|subdivision_type2 =[[Counties of Iran|County]]
|subdivision_name2 =[[Piranshahr County|Piranshahr]]
|subdivision_type3 =[[Bakhsh]]
|subdivision_name3 =[[Central District (Piranshahr County)|Central]]
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|area_footnotes =
|population_as_of = 2016
|population_total = 400.000
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
|utc_offset = +3:30
|timezone_DST = [[Iran Daylight Time|IRDT]]
|utc_offset_DST = +4:30
|coordinates_display = %
|latd=36|latm=41|lats=40|latNS=N
|longd=45|longm=08|longs=30|longEW=E
|elevation_m =
|website =
|area_code =
|footnotes =
}}
'''Piranshahr''' ({{lang-fa| پیرانشهر }}; {{lang-ku|پیرانشار }}) is a city located in [[West Azarbaijan Province]] in northwest [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite web |title=West Azerbaijan Province |date= January 9, 2010 |accessdate=2015-10-16 |publisher=Iran-China Chamber of Commerce and Industries |url=http://en.iran-chinachamber.ir/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=406%3Awest-azerbaijan-province&catid=40&Itemid=49}}</ref> It is the capital of [[Piranshahr County]].<ref name="mefa">{{cite web|url=http://www.mefa.ir/portal/Home/ShowPage.aspx?Object=NEWS&ID=44e67e2a-0405-497b-9009-7e96750aab94&LayoutID=3184adbd-92d9-486a-9019-4033c9906dbd&CategoryID=8fa13e36-87b5-42d0-9e55-5bb2064983d4|title=English/Iran’s non-oil exports via Piranshahr customs hit $125mn in 9 months|publisher=mefa.ir|accessdate=2015-04-06}}</ref>

Piranshahr is the center of the traditional region of Mokrian.<ref>http://www.mefa.ir/portal/Home/ShowPage.aspx?Object=NEWS&ID=44e67e2a-0405-497b-9009-7e96750aab94&LayoutID=3184adbd-92d9-486a-9019-4033c9906dbd&CategoryID=8fa13e36-87b5-42d0-9e55-5bb2064983d4</ref><ref>https://books.google.no/books?id=RehKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT154&lpg=PT154&dq=piranshahr+mokrian&source=bl&ots=iDCJjAguh4&sig=7IZEPx7Op5j_8ffcBIJwF1rhvc8&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwitlYHUg6rOAhULGCwKHYWkCv44ChDoAQg6MAQ#v=onepage&q=piranshahr%20mokrian&f=false</ref><ref>http://exhibition.saramad.ir/fa/ostani/azarbaijangharbi</ref>

Piranshahr is one of the Iran's oldest cities and its foundations date back to the pre-Islamic era of Iran and the emergence of the kingdom of Media.

The Farsi language is the official language of Iran, and thus within the city of Piranshahr. In Piranshahr every literate person knows how to communicate in the Persian language. The literacy rate is 97%.

The city of Piranshahr produces a full range of over 100 different granite materials in a variety of colours and textures. The quality and the beauty of Piranshahr granites are one of the best-known in the world.

The city is one of the fastest-growing cities in Iran. The government's mid-year estimate for 2016 puts Piranshahr's population at 430,000 compared with the 1996 figure of 300,000.


== Historical places ==

The oldest settlement in the Piranshahr area is more than 2900 years old.

Important archaeological sites in the vicinity of Piranshahr include [[Pasveh]] . Pasva is a village near Piranshahr whose name, according to the Iranist Vladimir Minorsky has existed since the 9th century BC and was built by the "Parsua tribes". It was also mentioned in the records of the Assyrian ruler [[Shalmaneser III]] (reign 858-824 BC). <ref>http://www.jstor.org/stable/609632?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents</ref>

== Climate ==
Piranshahr experiences variable weather, including four distinct seasons. In July, the warmest month, high temperatures average 29&nbsp;°C (84&nbsp;°F), and low temperatures 17&nbsp;°C (63&nbsp;°F). In January, the coldest month, High temperatures average -2&nbsp;°C (29&nbsp;°F), with low temperatures averaging -11&nbsp;°C (13&nbsp;°F).

Piranshahr's yearly precipitation averages about 965&nbsp;mm (38 inches). Summer is the rainiest season, with short-lived rainfall and thunderstorms more common than prolonged rainy periods [3]. Winter is the driest season, with most of the precipitation falling as snow.

The highest temperature ever recorded in Piranshahr is an unofficial 44&nbsp;°C (109&nbsp;°F) on July 24, 1935. The highest official temperature ever recorded is 42&nbsp;°C (105&nbsp;°F) on July 17, 1995 during the Piranshahr Heat Wave. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Piranshahr is -33&nbsp;°C (-27&nbsp;°F) on January 20, 1985. On December 24, 1983, the high temperature at Piranshahr reached only -23&nbsp;°C (-11&nbsp;°F), and on July 30, 1916, the low temperature sank to only 29&nbsp;°C (84&nbsp;°F), both of which are records.

Winter in Piranshahr is a variable and fickle season. The average Piranshahr winter produces 940&nbsp;mm (37.0 inches) of snow. This number can prove unreliable, as Piranshahr winters have produced between 249 and 2210&nbsp;mm (9.8 and 87.0 inches) of snow. Snow tends to fall in light accumulations of around 50.8&nbsp;mm (2 inches), but about once per year Piranshahr experiences a storm that can produce 254 to 356&nbsp;mm (10 to 14 inches) of snow in one day. Temperatures can vary wildly within the span of one week, but extended periods of temperatures below 0&nbsp;°C (32&nbsp;°F) are not uncommon in January and February. The temperature in January averages about -4&nbsp;°C (25&nbsp;°F) in the afternoon, and -12&nbsp;°C (10&nbsp;°F) at night. Temperatures can be expected to drop below -18&nbsp;°C (0&nbsp;°F) on 15 days throughout the winter season. Although rare, temperatures in Piranshahr even in the middle of winter can reach 10&nbsp;°C (50&nbsp;°F).

Piranshahrs climate is classed under the [[Köppen climate classification]] as a [[Mediterranean climate]] (''Csa'') with continental influences.
<div style="width:75%;">
{{Weather box
|location = Piranshahr, Iran
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 24.0
|Feb record high C = 26.0
|Mar record high C = 31.0
|Apr record high C = 33.0
|May record high C = 41.0
|Jun record high C = 43.0
|Jul record high C = 47.0
|Aug record high C = 46.0
|Sep record high C = 43.0
|Oct record high C = 37.0
|Nov record high C = 30.0
|Dec record high C = 24.0
|Jan high C = 10.9
|Feb high C = 13.3
|Mar high C = 17.5
|Apr high C = 22.6
|May high C = 28.9
|Jun high C = 36.0
|Jul high C = 39.5
|Aug high C = 39.1
|Sep high C = 35.0
|Oct high C = 27.7
|Nov high C = 19.7
|Dec high C = 13.1
|year high C = 25.3
|Jan mean C = 5.0
|Feb mean C = 7.1
|Mar mean C = 11.0
|Apr mean C = 15.7
|May mean C = 21.2
|Jun mean C = 27.0
|Jul mean C = 30.8
|Aug mean C = 29.8
|Sep mean C = 25.3
|Oct mean C = 19.1
|Nov mean C = 12.3
|Dec mean C = 6.9
|Jan low C = 0.1
|Feb low C = 1.4
|Mar low C = 4.6
|Apr low C = 8.3
|May low C = 11.9
|Jun low C = 15.4
|Jul low C = 19.5
|Aug low C = 18.7
|Sep low C = 14.1
|Oct low C = 10.0
|Nov low C = 5.5
|Dec low C = 1.8
|year low C = 9.3
|Jan record low C = −14.6
|Feb record low C = -11.0
|Mar record low C = −11.0
|Apr record low C = -2.0
|May record low C = -1.8
|Jun record low C = 7.0
|Jul record low C = 9.2
|Aug record low C = 8.0
|Sep record low C = 4.6
|Oct record low C = -1.4
|Nov record low C = −7.8
|Dec record low C = −8.6
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm = 86.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 73.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 82.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 71.6
|May precipitation mm = 36.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 0.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 0.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 0.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 1.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 23.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 54.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 83.6
|year precipitation mm = 512.9
|Jan rain days = 11.9
|Feb rain days = 10.7
|Mar rain days = 12.9
|Apr rain days = 11.0
|May rain days = 6.2
|Jun rain days = 0.4
|Jul rain days = 0.3
|Aug rain days = 0.2
|Sep rain days = 0.4
|Oct rain days = 4.8
|Nov rain days = 7.6
|Dec rain days = 10.1
|Jan snow days = 2.6
|Feb snow days = 1.5
|Mar snow days = 0.7
|Apr snow days = 0
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.1
|Dec snow days = 0.9
|Jan sun = 163.4
|Feb sun = 170.8
|Mar sun = 187.2
|Apr sun = 206.0
|May sun = 264.2
|Jun sun = 340.4
|Jul sun = 347.2
|Aug sun = 330.1
|Sep sun = 302.7
|Oct sun = 257.3
|Nov sun = 191.4
|Dec sun = 160.5
|Jan humidity = 69
|Feb humidity = 64
|Mar humidity = 58
|Apr humidity = 54
|May humidity = 43
|Jun humidity = 28
|Jul humidity = 24
|Aug humidity = 25
|Sep humidity = 28
|Oct humidity = 39
|Nov humidity = 55
|Dec humidity = 66
|year humidity = 46.1
|source 1 = NOAA (1961-1990) <ref name= NOAA>{{cite web
|url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/IR/40782.TXT
|title = Khoram Abad Climate Normals 1961-1990
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|accessdate = December 28, 2012}}</ref>
|date=September 2011
}}
</div>

== Geology ==
Piranshahr has no active or dormant volcanoes and few earthquakes, however many residents of Piranshahr feel one or two minor earthquakes per year, which do little or no damage. Imperceptible quakes are detected by seismometers on a daily basis.

== Agriculture ==

[[West Azarbaijan]] Rural Cooperative Organization has bought some 470,000 tons of wheat, valued at Rls.840&nbsp;billion, from farmers since the beginning of the year.{{specify|date=August 2015}} Among West Azarbaijan cities, Piranshar is considered a fine example in agriculture improvements. Since 2002, most of the investments in the city are made in the agricultural sector. Consequently, farm and garden coverage in Piranshar has extended from 80 square kilometres in 2002 to 190&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> in 2004.

== Economy ==
The Piranshar economy includes that of the city of Piranshar and the surrounding towns and villages. The Piranshar area is an engine of the provincial economy. The city of Piranshar has the most important sugar company in the province. There are four Sugar Companies in the province including the Sugar Company of Piranshar.

The plant, in the course of years of its activity, has been constantly renovated by making use of the existing capabilities in the plant. The plant produces 30,000 tons of sugar annually (from 1500 tons of sugar beet per day), and by-products include 100 tons of dried waste per day, which is used for animal food, and 3000 tons of medico-industrial alcohol produced annually from molasses.

Considering the national demand for sugar of 1.5&nbsp;million tons per year, and the supply thereof by 35 manufacturing units equivalent to 800&nbsp;thousand tons, and the consequent considerable shortage of sugar, the manufacture of such a product is significant.

Sugar beet is supplied by 70&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> of farmland around the plant.

The Sugar Company of Piranshahr is the province's largest producer of raw sugar, accounting for over 60% of all of the province's sugar.

==Education==
Piranshahr has an educated population and its literacy rate is very high: of Piranshahr's population over 28.60% (vs. a national average of 24%) hold a bachelor's degree or higher; 94% (vs. 82% nationally) have a high school diploma or equivalent. In fact, Piranshahr has the highest percentage of college graduates of any city in the entire country.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}

The main institutions of higher education in the area are [[Payame Noor University]] and [[Islamic Azad University]].<ref name="piranshahr-iau">{{cite web|url=http://www.piranshahr-iau.ac.ir|title=دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی پیرانشهر|publisher=piranshahr-iau.ac.ir|accessdate=2015-04-06}}</ref> The city is also home to a number of conservatories and art schools.

== Neighborhoods ==

The city of Piranshahr includes the following neighborhoods:

Balashahr, Kuy Omid, Kuy Baradaran, Kuy As´habe kahf, Kuy Khayyam, Kuy Kamran, Kuy Mokrian, Kuy Lajan (Lahijan), Niloufar park, Sardaran, Bazarcheh. Kuy Edalat, Nirougah, Azadegan, Isargaran, Padash, Farhangian 1, 2, 3 and 4, Ghods, Chahar-Rahe Madar (22 Bahman), Ashianeh 32 metri, Darreh Garav, Zargatan, Seyyed Ghotb, Azadi, Molla Reza, Qapan, Kohne Khaneh, Kanie Kohneh Khaneh.

==Geography==

According to the Management and Planning Organization, the city has a total area of 154.9 square miles (401.3&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), of which 1.6 square miles (4.1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), or 1.03%, is water.

Piranshahr is surrounded by four other counties: Oshnavieh and Naghadeh to the north, Mahabad to the east and Sardasht to the south. The city is also bordered by [[Iraq]] to the west

==Demographics==

The ethnic composition of Piranshahr is 90% Kurd, 6% Azarbaijani and 4% Persian (Fars).

According to Piranshahr's organization for Civil Registration, the highest average annual growth rate in the province is in Piranshahr [http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=8502110201].

The population history of the city proper is as follows. All figures are official census figures from the Iranian Statistics Institute.<ref name=amar>{{cite web|title=Iran Statistics Institute|url=http://amar.sci.org.ir/|accessdate=1 June 2012}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 1956
! 1966
! 1976
! 1986
! 1991
! 1996
! 2006
! 2012
|-
| 52,251
| 80,076
| 124,963
| 180,242
| 239,923
| 279,092
| 397,470
| 424,160
|}

==Law and government==

The city's chief administrator is the mayor, who is elected by the municipal board of the city. According to Iranian laws the municipal board is periodically elected by the city residents.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Piranshahr County}}

{{Portal|Iran}}

[[Category:Populated places in Piranshahr County]]
[[Category:Cities in West Azerbaijan Province]]
[[Category:Iranian Kurdistan]]
[[Category:Kurdish settlements]]

[[lv:Piranšāra]]
[[sh:Okrug Peronšahr]]
[[tg:Шаҳристони Пероншаҳр]]

Version del 20:44, 3 martio 2017

Piranshahr

Nomine native پیرانشهر
Classe city of Iran[*], citate grande[*]
Pais Iran
Population 91 515
Situate in Central District[*]
Altitude 1 449 m Edit this on Wikidata
Coordinatas 36°41'40"N, 45°8'30"E
Fuso horari UTC+03:30[*]
Geonames ID 121110
Sito web: http://www.pirancity.net
Wikimedia Commons Category
Piranshahr

Piranshahr esse un citate in Iran.

Obtenite de “https://ia.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piranshahr&oldid=566064”