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Wiktionary

pest

See also: Pest, pěst, and пест

English

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Etymology

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In the 16th century in the sense of "pestilence" and specifically bubonic plague from Middle French peste (“pestilence”) (whence French peste). The other meanings are recorded soon after. Ultimately from Latin pestis.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pest (plural pests)

  1. (now rare) A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague.
    • 2020 March 24, Qing Zhu, Zhang Ming, “Amid Coronavirus Pandemic, China Faces Plague of Locusts”, in Minghui‎[1]:
      From the perspective of traditional Chinese culture, pests and famines are reflections of the current administration’s lack of moral values and deviation from divine will. The head of the administration (the emperor in the past) would then issue an edict to sincerely repent and correct his wrongdoings.
  2. Any destructive insect that attacks crops or livestock; an agricultural pest.
  3. An annoying person, a nuisance.
  4. An animal regarded as a nuisance, destructive, or a parasite, vermin.
  5. An invasive weed.

Synonyms

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  • (creature): bug

Derived terms

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Translations

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Anagrams

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Danish

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Etymology

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From French peste, from Latin pestis (“disease, plague, pest, destruction”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /pɛst/, [pʰɛsd̥]

Noun

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pest c (uncountable, singular definite pesten)

  1. (pathology) plague
  2. (figuratively) pestilence

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pest f (uncountable)

  1. A plague, pest, pestilence.
  2. A specific bovine plague
  3. An obnoxious person

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Negerhollands: pest
  • → Indonesian: pes
  • → Japanese: ペスト (pesuto)
  • → Papiamentu: peste

Verb

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pest

  1. inflection of pesten:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

References

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  • M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

Northern Kurdish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pest f (Arabic spelling پەست)

  1. pressure, oppression

References

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  • Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “pest”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎[2], with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 442

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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From Latin pestis.

Noun

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pest f or m (definite singular pesta or pesten, indefinite plural pester, definite plural pestene)

  1. a plague
    sky (noe/noen) som pesten - avoid (something/someone) like the plague
    velge mellom pest og kolera - choose the lesser of two evils

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

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From Latin pestis.

Noun

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pest m (definite singular pesten, indefinite plural pestar, definite plural pestane)
pest f (definite singular pesta, indefinite plural pester, definite plural pestene)

  1. a plague
    sky (noko/nokon) som pesten - avoid (something/someone) like the plague
    velje mellom pest og kolera - choose the lesser of two evils

Derived terms

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References

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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęstь.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pȇst f (Cyrillic spelling пе̑ст)

  1. (regional, literary) fist

Declension

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Declension of pest
singular plural
nominative pȇst pesti
genitive pesti péstī
dative pesti pestima
accusative pest pesti
vocative pesti pesti
locative pesti pestima
instrumental pesti/pešću pestima

Slovene

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *pęstь. Cognate with Serbo-Croatian пест, pest, Slovak päsť, Russian пясть (pjastʹ, “middle part of the hand”) and запя́стье (zapjástʹje), dialectal Bulgarian (Western dialects) пестник (pestnik), песник (pesnik), пестница (pestnica). Compare Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ), English fist, German Faust.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pẹ̑st f

  1. (anatomy) fist

Inflection

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 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nom. sing. pést
gen. sing. pestí
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		pést pestí pestí
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		pestí pestí pestí
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		pêsti pestéma pestém
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		pést pestí pestí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		pêsti pestéh pestéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		pestjó pestéma pestmí

Derived terms

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Swedish

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Etymology

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Ultimately from Latin pestis.

Noun

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pest c

  1. A plague
  2. A pest; something deeply annoying

Derived terms

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References

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Tocharian B

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Particle

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pest

  1. a perfectivizing particle used with verbs
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