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Wiktionary

lien

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lien"

English

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Middle French lien, from Latin ligāmen (“a bond”), from ligō (“tie, bind”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lien (plural liens)

  1. (obsolete) A tendon.
  2. (law) A right to take possession of a debtor’s property as security until a debt or duty is discharged.
    • 1989, Greil Marcus, Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:
      […] every youth movement presents itself as loan to the future, and tries to call in its lien in advance, but when there is no future all loans are canceled.
    • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 7:
      Bodin deemed the king of France's power as absolute in the sense that the ruler was ‘absolved’ by divine sanction from legally binding liens and restrictions.
Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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lien

  1. (biblical, archaic) Alternative form of lain

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Latin liēn (“spleen”). Doublet of spleen.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lien (plural lienes)

  2. (uncommon, possibly obsolete) The spleen.
    Synonym: milt
    • 1892, John Marie Keating, Henry Hamilton, John Chalmers Da Costa, A New Pronouncing Dictionary of Medicine:
      Li'enal. Pertaining to the lien or spleen; splenic.
    • 1914, Quain's Elements of Anatomy, volume 1, page 312:
      The lien or spleen (figs. 282 to 285) is a soft, highly vascular contractile and very elastic organ of a dark purplish colour. It is placed obliquely behind the stomach, [...]
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Cornish

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Etymology

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From Middle Cornish lyen, from Proto-Brythonic *lleɣenn, from Latin legendum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lien m (plural liennow)

  1. literature

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French lien, from Old French lien, liem, from Latin ligāmen (“bond”), from ligō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lien m (plural liens)

  1. link

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons,[1] making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn),[2] while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь.

Other cognates include Old Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spərəzan-). Doublet of splēn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension

  1. spleen

Declension

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Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative liēn liēnēs
Genitive liēnis liēnum
Dative liēnī liēnibus
Accusative liēnem liēnēs
Ablative liēne liēnibus
Vocative liēn liēnēs

Descendants

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  • → English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic
  • → Esperanto: lieno
  • → Romanian: lien

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “liēn, -ēnis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 340
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπλήν, σπληνός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1385

Further reading

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  • “lien”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • lien in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Latvian

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Verb

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lien

  1. inflection of līst:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    3. second-person singular imperative
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of līst
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of līst

Livonian

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Etymology

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Derived from Proto-Finnic *laihna, from a Germanic borrowing. Related to Finnish lainata. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Verb

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lien

  1. (Salaca) give a loan

Middle Dutch

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Etymology 1

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From Old Dutch *līan, from Proto-Germanic [Term?].

Verb

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liën

  1. (transitive) to admit
  2. (transitive) to acknowledge, to be convinced
  3. (transitive) to declare
  4. (intransitive) to assent
Inflection
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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

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From Old Dutch līan, from Proto-West Germanic *līhwan, from Proto-Germanic *līhwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *leykʷ-.

Verb

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liën

  1. (eastern) to lend
Inflection
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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English liċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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lien (third-person singular simple present lith, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative leie, past participle leien)

  1. to lie (be in a horizontal position)
    • c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 19–20:
      Bifil that in that seson, on a day, / In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay
      It happened that, in that season, on a day / In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay
Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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From Old English lēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą.

Verb

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lien (third-person singular simple present lieth, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative legh, past participle louen)

  1. to lie (tell a falsehood)
Alternative forms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 3

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From Old French lier, liier (“to tie up, connect”), from Latin ligāre (“to tie, bind”).

Verb

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lien (third-person singular simple present lieth, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle liid) (cooking)

  1. to thicken (a soup, etc.) by mixing
  2. to bind (ground meat, etc. with eggs, sauce, etc.)
  3. to coat (something with sauce, etc.)
Alternative forms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 4

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From Middle French lien (“tie, strap”), from Latin ligāmen (“bandage, band, tie”).

Noun

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lien (plural liens)

  1. bond, fetter
Alternative forms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 5

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Noun

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lien (plural liens)

  1. Alternative form of len

Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French lien.

Noun

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lien m (plural liens)

  1. tie; strap
  2. (by extension) link (association)

Descendants

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Old French

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Alternative forms

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  • lïen (diareses not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)

Etymology

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From Latin ligāmen.

Noun

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lien oblique singular, m (oblique plural liens, nominative singular liens, nominative plural lien)

  1. tie; strap
    • late 12th century, anonymous author, “La Folie de Tristan d'Oxford”, in Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 408, lines 901–2:
      Brenguain, ore alez pur le chen,
      amenez k'od tut le lïen
      Brangain, go get the dog,
      bring it with its leash

Descendants

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin liēn. Doublet of spleen and splină.

Noun

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lien n (plural lienuri)

  1. spleen
    Synonym: splină

Declension

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Declension of lien
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) lien lienul (niște) lienuri lienurile
genitive/dative (unui) lien lienului (unor) lienuri lienurilor
vocative lienule lienurilor

Swedish

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Noun

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lien

  1. definite singular of lie

Anagrams

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