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Translingual

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Symbol

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bo

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Tibetan.

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Imitative.

Alternative forms

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Interjection

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bo

  1. An exclamation used to startle or frighten.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Probably a shortening of boy.

Noun

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bo (plural bos)

  1. (US, slang) Fellow, chap, boy.
    • 1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin, published 2010, page 255:
      ‘Never heard of him,’ he smiled. ‘On your way, bo.’

Etymology 3

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Japanese (), from Middle Chinese (bˠʌŋX, staff, club) (compare modern Chinese (bàng)).

Noun

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bo (plural bos)

  1. (martial arts) A quarterstaff, especially in an oriental context.

See also

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch boven.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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bo

  1. above

Preposition

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bo

  1. above

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin bonus, from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos. Numerous cognates include French bon and Portuguese bom.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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bo (feminine bona, masculine plural bons, feminine plural bones)

  1. good

Usage notes

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  • The form bon is used as the masculine singular form when the adjective precedes the noun, and bo is used in all other cases.

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Cebuano

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Noun

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bo

  1. arm wrestling

Verb

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bo

  1. to arm-wrestle

Cimbrian

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Etymology 1

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From Middle High German , from Old High German wār, hwār, from Proto-West Germanic *hwār, from Proto-Germanic *hwar (where). Cognate with German wo, English where.

Adverb

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bo

  1. (Luserna, interrogative) where
    Bo lebetar?Where do you live?
Alternative forms
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References

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Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

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bo

  1. (Sette Comuni) the ... the
    Bo mèront hatzich, bo mèeront bilzich.
    The more we have, the more we want.

References

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  • “bo” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Cornish

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Pronunciation

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(Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key): /ˈboː/

Verb

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bo

  1. third-person singular present subjunctive of bos

Mutation

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Cuiba

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Noun

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bo

  1. home, house

Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech bo, from Proto-Slavic *bo. Compare Polish bo.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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bo

  1. (dialectal) as, since, because
    Synonym: neboť

Further reading

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  • bo in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
  • bo in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse , from Old Norse búa (to reside).

Noun

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bo n (singular definite boet, plural indefinite boer)

  1. estate (the property of a deceased person)
  2. den, nest
  3. abode, home
Inflection
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse búa (to reside), from Proto-Germanic *būaną, cognate with Norwegian bo, bu, Swedish bo, German bauen, Dutch bouwen, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌽 (bauan).

Verb

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bo (present tense bor, past tense boede, past participle boet)

  1. to live, reside, dwell
    Hun bor i London.
    She lives in London.
Conjugation
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Dutch

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Etymology

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Clipping of boterham.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo m (plural bo's, diminutive boke n)

  1. (Belgium) sandwich

Duvle

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Noun

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bo

  1. fire

Further reading

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Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo (accusative singular bo-on, plural bo-oj, accusative plural bo-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.

See also

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Fala

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese bõo, from Latin bonus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbo/
  • Rhymes: -o
  • Syllabification: bo

Adjective

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bo (feminine boa, masculine plural bos, feminine plural boas)

  1. good

Usage notes

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  • In Lagarteiru, when preceding a feminine noun as part of a noun phrase, the masculine forms are used.

Derived terms

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References

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  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[2], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Fijian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *baʀoq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq.

Noun

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bo

  1. (medicine) boil

Friulian

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Etymology

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From Latin bōs, bōvem, probably through Vulgar Latin *boem.

Noun

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bo m (plural bûs)

  1. ox

Synonyms

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See also

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Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese bõo, from Latin bonus. Cognate with Portuguese bom and Spanish bueno.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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bo (feminine boa, masculine plural bos, feminine plural boas)

  1. good
    Antonyms: malo, mao

Derived terms

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References

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  • Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (20062022) “bo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
  • bo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • bo” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • bo” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology 1

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From Portuguese vós. Cognate with Kabuverdianu bo.

Pronoun

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bo

  1. you (second person singular).
  2. you (second person plural)

Etymology 2

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From Portuguese bom. Cognate with Kabuverdianu bon.

Adjective

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bo

  1. good

Gunwinggu

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo

  1. water
  2. liquid

Derived terms

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References

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  • Lynette Frances Oates, A Tentative Description of the Gunwinggu Language (1964)
  • Steven and Narelle Etherington, Kunwinjku Kunwok: A Short Introduction to Kunwinjku Language and Society (third edition, 1998)

Italian

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Interjection

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bo

  1. Alternative spelling of boh

Anagrams

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Japanese

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Romanization

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bo

  1. The hiragana syllable (bo) or the katakana syllable (bo) in Hepburn romanization.

Kabuverdianu

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Etymology

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From Portuguese vós.

Pronoun

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bo

  1. you (second person singular).

Kalasha

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit बहु (bahu), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰn̥ǵʰús. Cognate with Khowar بو (bo), Hindi बहुत (bahut).

Adverb

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bo

  1. very

Adjective

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bo

  1. many, a lot

Louisiana Creole

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from French beau (handsome, fine, attractive; boyfriend).

Adjective

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bo m (feminine bèl)

  1. handsome, beautiful, pretty
    Synonyms: joli, vayan
    Antonyms: lèd, vilin

Noun

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bo

  1. (a) boyfriend
    Synonyms: boyfrìnn, lamour
    Coordinate terms: amoureu, amoureuz, bèl, blond, fyanse, gèlfrènn, kalènn, malin, négrès

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Saint Dominican Creole French bobo, Haitian Creole bo.

Verb

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bo

  1. (transitive or intransitive) to kiss
    Synonyms: béké, embrasé

Noun

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bo

  1. (a) kiss
    Synonyms: bèk, nembrasad

References

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  • Alcée Fortier, Louisiana Folktales

Mandarin

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Romanization

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bo (bo5bo0, Zhuyin ˙ㄅㄛ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of
  2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of
  3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of
  4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of

bo

  1. Nonstandard spelling of .
  2. Nonstandard spelling of .
  3. Nonstandard spelling of .
  4. Nonstandard spelling of .

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Masurian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish bo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbɔ/
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: bo

Conjunction

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bo

  1. because, for (by or for the cause that)

Particle

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bo

  1. namely; well
  2. emphatic particle

Further reading

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  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “bo”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur[3], volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 195-107

Mawes

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Noun

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bo

  1. water

Further reading

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Nabak

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Noun

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bo

  1. pig

References

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  • Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

Northern Kurdish

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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bo

  1. for

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Middle Low German behof (compare with behov).

Noun

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bo (indeclinable) (idiomatic use only)

  1. (uncountable, usually with ha) a need
    Jeg har bo for en hammer.
    I could use a hammer.
Usage notes
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A noun not commonly used.

Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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From Danish bo, from Old Norse (settled area, town) (compare alternative form bu). Akin to bod (store room, booth) and the verb bo (to live).

Alternative forms

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  • bu (Nynorsk also)

Noun

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bo n (definite singular boet, indefinite plural bo, definite plural boa or boene)

  1. one's home (mainly idiomatic)
    De giftet seg og satte bo.
    They married and settled down/built their home.
  2. estate
    Å skifte et bo.
    To divide an estate.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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See combined section below.

Etymology 3

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From Danish bo, from Old Norse búa (to prepare, finish, make preparations, equip), cognate with Old English būan, Old Frisian buwa, Old Saxon būan and Old High German būan (whence German bauen).

Alternative forms

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  • bu (Nynorsk also)

Verb

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bo (imperative bo, present tense bor, simple past bodde, past participle bodd, present participle boende)

  1. to live (have permanent residence), stay
    Hvor bor du (hen)?
    Where do you live?
    Jeg vet hvor du bor.
    I know where you live.
    Hvor lenge blir du boende.
    How long will you be staying?
  2. to be, to dwell, to be in
    Husk at all skjønnhet på jord bor i de evige ord: Jeg elsker deg.
    Remember that all beauty on Earth dwells in those eternal words: I love you.
    (Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson)
    Du aner ikke hva som virkelig bor i henne.
    You have no idea what she's really like.
    (literally: "you have no idea what really dwells in her")
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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(Noun and verb)

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German behof (compare behov).

Noun

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bo (indeclinable) (idiomatic use only)

  1. (uncountable, usually with ha, uncommon) a need
    Eg har bo for ein hammar.
    I could use a hammer.

Synonyms

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References

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Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bo.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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bo

  1. because

Descendants

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  • Czech: bo

References

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Old Norse

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Alternative forms

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  • (Old West Norse)

Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *būą.

Noun

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bo n

  1. (Old East Norse) dwelling

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bo. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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bo

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) because
    • 1887, 1889 [1388], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume I, number 461, Poznań:
      Czso posual Jacub medzi mnø a medzi Bodzechnø, tho posual po prawe, bosmi tho sandzili
      [Czso pozwał Jakub miedzy mną a miedzy Bodzechną, to pozwał po prawie, bosmy to sądzili]
    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie[4], Miechów, page br 10:
      Moui... pocazuiø, iz sø gresnicy ctuoracy; bo moui to slouo albo sedøcim, albo spøcim, albo lezøcim, albo uma[rłym]
      [Mowi... pokazuję, iż są grzesznicy cztwioracy; bo mowi to słowo albo siedzącym, albo śpiącym, albo leżącym, albo uma[rłym]]
    • 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 71:
      Panye woyczye, yusz bo czyą [y] pytham na prawye... yesthly to szlubyenye moczno
      [Panie wojcie, już bo cię [i] pytam na prawie... jestli to ślubienie mocno]

Descendants

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  • Masurian: bo
  • Polish: bo
  • Silesian: bo

References

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Papiamentu

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Portuguese vós and Spanish vos and Kabuverdianu bo.

Pronoun

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bo

  1. you (second person singular)

Determiner

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bo

  1. your

Peranakan Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Hokkien (, “not”).

Adverb

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bo

  1. not: negation particle

Derived terms

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Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish bo.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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bo

  1. because, for (by or for the cause that)
    Synonyms: albowiem, boć, bowiem, dlatego że, gdyż, jako że, ponieważ
    Nie zadzwoniłem, bo spałem.I didn't call because I was sleeping.
    Bo nie.Because I said no.
    Bo takBecause reasons.
  2. or, or else, otherwise
    Synonyms: bo inaczej, inaczej, w przeciwnym razie, w przeciwnym wypadku
    Bo co?Or else what?
    Wstawaj już, bo spóźnisz się do szkoły!Get up now or you'll be late for school!
  3. because (as is known, inferred, or determined from the fact that)
    On nie jest miły, bo nie chciał dać mi swoich ciasteczek.He isn't nice because he didn't want to give me his cookies.
  4. (Middle Polish) namely
    Synonym: mianowicie
  5. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. also; even
      • 1539, W. Wróbel, Żołtarz Dawidów[5], page 82/9:
        Moab y Agarenowie Gebalitowie j Amon y Amalech/ y cżudzoziemci z mieſzkaiącimi w Tirze. [...] Boy Aſſur prziſzedł ſnimi j ſtał ſie na pomoc ſinom Lotowym. [Etenim Assur venit cum illis: facti sunt in adiutorium filiis Loth]
      • 1539, W. Wróbel, Żołtarz Dawidów[6], page 88/6:
        [Confitebuntur coeli mirabilia tua domine: etenim veritatem tuam in ecclesia santorum] Będą wyznawać niebioſa czuda twoie miły panie bo y prawdę twoię będę wyſlawiać w zebraniu ſwiętych.
  6. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

Particle

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bo

  1. emphasizes the statement, usually in phrases of opposite meanings, or introduces a rhetorical question, denying its literal meaning
    Synonyms: bo i, bo niby
    Ładna, bo ładna, ale głupia.Well, she might be pretty, but she is also stupid.
    Bo to prawda?Is this really true?
    Bo ja wiem?How am I supposed to know that?
    Nigdy o tym nie mówiłem, bo i po co?I never talked about it because why would I?
  2. (with ale) may very well, but, even though, despite
    Stary, bo stary, ale mocny.He very well may be old, but he's still strong.
    Trudno bo trudno, ale robi się łatwiej.It may very well be hard, but it's getting easier.

Declension

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Derived terms

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particle

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), bo is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 35 times in scientific texts, 5 times in news, 87 times in essays, 231 times in fiction, and 378 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 736 times, making it the 62nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “bo”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 29

Further reading

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  • bo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • bo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “bo”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • BO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2016 September 21
  • BO”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 January 14
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “bo”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “bo”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “bo”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 178
  • bo in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Romagnol

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Etymology

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From Latin bōs (cow, bull).

Pronunciation

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  • (Central Romagnol): IPA(key): [ˈbɔ]

Noun

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bo m (plural bu) (Ville Unite)

  1. ox

References

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  • Ercolani, Libero (1971) Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano, Monte di Ravenna, page 51

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish bo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbɔ/
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: bo

Conjunction

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bo

  1. because

Particle

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bo

  1. emphasizes the statement, usually in phrases of opposite meanings, or introduces a rhetorical question, denying its literal meaning

Further reading

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  • bo in dykcjonorz.eu
  • bo in silling.org

Slovene

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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bọ̑

  1. third-person singular future of bíti

Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Alternative forms

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Interjection

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bo

  1. (Uruguay, colloquial) hey, mate, dude
    Synonym: che

Sranan Tongo

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Contraction of ben and o.

Particle

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bo

  1. Marker for the irrealis mood.

Etymology 2

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From English bow.

Noun

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bo

  1. bow, arch
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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse búa, from Proto-Germanic *būaną.

Verb

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bo (present bor, preterite bodde, supine bott, imperative bo)

  1. (intransitive) live; dwell; reside; to have permanent residence
    Jag vill bo i en stor stad.
    I want to live in a big city.
    • 1984, “Zwampen [Svampen] [The mushroom]”, in Lasse Åberg (lyrics), Janne Schaffer (music), Livet i regnskogarna [Life in the rainforests], performed by Electric Banana Band:
      Jag gillar inte höghus, sten och lättbetong. Jag trivs inte i stan, för den är grå och trång. Jag vill bo i en svamp, annars får jag kramp (svamp). Det finns hopp för min kropp i en mullig sopp (svamp). Kom ikväll, och var snäll, till min kantarell (svamp). Titta in, och ta ton, i min champinjon (svamp). Jag vill ut i skogen, i luft och rymd och ljus, och sitta framför svampen, och höra tallens sus. Jag vill bo ... [as before]. Tiderna är hårda, livet är en kamp. Det känns mycket bättre, om jag har min svamp. Jag vill bo ... [as before].
      I don't like high-rise, stone and lightweight concrete. I don't like it in the city, because it [the city] is gray and crowded [tight, cramped]. I want to live in a mushroom, otherwise I get cramps (mushroom). There is hope for my body in a chubby bolete (mushroom). Come tonight, and be nice [kind], to my chanterelle (mushroom). Stop by, and sing ["take tone" – start singing or speaking], in my champignon [common mushroom, like a button mushroom] (mushroom). I want to get out in the forest [want out in the forest], in air and space and light, and sit in front of the mushroom, and hear the sighing of the pine. I want to live ... [as before]. [The] times are hard, [the] life is a struggle. It feels much better, if I have my mushroom. I want to live ... [as before].
    • 1989, Eva Dahlgren (lyrics and music), “Ängeln i rummet [The angel in the room]”:
      Det bor en ängel i mitt rum. Hon har sitt bo ovanför mitt huvud. Hon gör mej lugn. Och hon viskar till mej allt det jag säger dej.
      There is an angel living in my room [it lives an angel in my room]. She has her dwelling [usually of animals, especially nests] above my head. She puts me at ease [makes me calm]. And she whispers to me all the things that [all that (which)] I say to you.
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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bo n

  1. a dwelling (of an animal), especially a bird's nest
    fågelbo
    bird’s nest
    att bygga bo
    to build a nest / to nest ("build nest" – idiomatic phrasing)
  2. (poetic, extended from sense 1) a home
    sätta bo
    settle down
    • 1893, Elias Sehlstedt, Visa[7]:
      Litet bo jag sätta vill / Gård med trädgårdstäppa till, []
      [a] little home I want to set out / [a] farm with [a] garden plot to it []
Usage notes
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  • The use of "bo" as a shorthand for "bostad" and "boende" (housing) goes back at least to the 1920s, for example in the name of trade expos like "Bygge och Bo" (1925).
Declension
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Declension of bo 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative bo boet bon bona
Genitive bos boets bons bonas

Alternative form for the definite singular: bot/bots.

Declension of bo 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative bo bon bor borna
Genitive bos bons bors bornas
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See also
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References

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Tày

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo

  1. spathe
    bo mảyspathe of bamboo shoots
    bo làngspathe of areca palms

References

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  • Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎[8][9] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

Venetian

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Etymology

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From Vulgar Latin *boem, from Latin bos, bovem.

Noun

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bo m (invariable)

  1. ox

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Chemical element
B
Previous: beri (Be)
Next: cacbon (C)

From French bore.

Noun

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bo

  1. boron

Etymology 2

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Verb

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bo

  1. Alternative form of boa (to leave a tip)

Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Verb

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bo

  1. (literary) third-person singular present subjunctive of bod

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
bo fo mo unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo

  1. penis

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[10], Pacific linguistics

Xhosa

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Pronoun

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-bo

  1. Combining stem of bona.

Yale

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Pronoun

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bo

  1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)

Zaghawa

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo

  1. bull
  2. shepherd's crook
  3. handle (of a tool, etc. - a stick to hold something with)

References

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Zhuang

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (pʰuɑ).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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bo (Sawndip forms 𡏋 or or or 𫭝, 1957–1982 spelling bo)

  1. mountain slope; hillside; mountainside

Zulu

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Pronoun

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-bo

  1. Combining stem of bona.