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A [[Northern Paiute language|Northern Paiute]] word for the Truckee is Kuyuinahukwa. Kuyui- refers to the [[Cui-ui]], a species of fish endemic to [[Pyramid Lake (Nevada)|Pyramid Lake]] which is central to the lives of the [[Northern Paiute people|Northern Paiute]] band called the Kuyui Dükadü (cui-ui-fish-eaters).<ref>Ginny Bengston (2002). ''Northern Paiute and Western Shoshone Land Use in Northern Nevada: A Class I Ethnographic/Ethnohistoric Overview'' (PDF). SWCA Environmental Consultants. pp. 6, 50. Retrieved 2022-12-30. </ref>
In the [[Washo language]], different parts of the river have different names. Two names, ‘Át’abi wá’t’a and Á’waku wá’t’a translate to "trout stream."<ref>{{cite book |author=Natalie E. Davenport |url=https://scholarworks.unr.edu/bitstream/handle/11714/6780/Davenport_unr_0139D_13067.pdf |title=Naming, Remembering, and Experiencing We’ lmelt’ iʔ [northern Washoe] Cultural Spaces in Wa she shu It Deh [Washoe Land] |publisher=ScholarWorks, University of Nevada, Reno |year=2019
When [[John C. Frémont]] and [[Kit Carson]] ascended the Truckee River on January 16, 1844, they called it the Salmon Trout River,<ref name="Fremont" /> after the huge [[Lahontan cutthroat trout]] (''Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi'') that ran up the river from Pyramid Lake to spawn. However, the river was ultimately named after a [[Northern Paiute|Paiute]] chief known as [[Truckee (chief)|Truckee]], who in 1844 guided an emigrant party from the headwaters of the [[Humboldt River]] to California via the Truckee River, [[Donner Lake]], and [[Donner Pass]]. Appreciative of their Native American guide's services, the party named the river after him.<ref>[http://water.nv.gov/WaterPlanning/truckee/truckee2.cfm Truckee River Chronology] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527161930/http://water.nv.gov/WaterPlanning/truckee/truckee2.cfm |date=2010-05-27 }}, State of Nevada Division of Water Resources</ref> The chief's real name might not have been Truckee, but perhaps ''Tru-ki-zo'', which could have become distorted as "Truckee". There are numerous other theories about Chief Truckee and his name.<ref>[http://truckeehistory.org/historyArticles/history4.htm Chief Truckee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028191715/http://truckeehistory.org/historyArticles/history4.htm |date=2012-10-28 }}, Truckee–Donner Historical Society</ref>
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