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{{redirect|Theognis|other people named Theognis|Theognis (disambiguation)}}
[[File:Tanagra, 5th century kylix a symposiast sings Theognis o paidon kalliste.png|thumb|upright=1.1|A [[kylix (drinking cup)|kylix]] from Tanagra, Boeotia, 5th century B.C. A symposiast sings ὦ παίδων κάλλιστε, the beginning of a verse by Theognis]]
'''Theognis of Megara''' ({{lang-grc-gre|[[wikt:Θέογνις#Ancient Greek|Θέογνις]] ὁ Μεγαρεύς}}, ''Théognis ho Megareús'') was a [[Greek lyric poet]] active in approximately the sixth century BC. The work attributed to him consists of [[gnomic poetry]] quite typical of the time, featuring ethical maxims and practical advice about life. He was the first Greek poet known to express concern over the eventual fate and survival of his own work<ref>B. M. Knox, 'Theognis', ''The Cambridge History of Greek Literature:I Greek Literature'', Cambridge University Press (1985), P. Easterling and B. Knox (ed.s), pages 138</ref> and, along with [[Homer]], [[Hesiod]] and the authors of the [[Homeric Hymns]], he is among the earliest poets whose work has been preserved in a continuous manuscript tradition (the work of other [[Archaic Greece|archaic]] poets is preserved as scattered fragments).<ref>Douglas E. Gerber, ''Greek Elegiac Poetry'', Loeb Classical Library (1999), page 8</ref> In fact more than half of the extant [[elegiac]] poetry of Greece before the [[Alexandrian period]] is included in the approximately 1,400 lines of verse attributed to him
The verses preserved under Theognis' name are written from the viewpoint of an aristocrat confronted by social and political revolution typical of Greek cities in the archaic period. Part of his work is addressed to Cyrnus, who is presented as his [[Pederasty in ancient Greece#Terminology|''erōmenos'']]. The author of the poems celebrated him in his verse and educated him in the aristocratic values of the time, yet Cyrnus came to symbolize much about his imperfect world that the poet bitterly resented:
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