Theodor Avellan: Difference between revisions

|name= FyodorTheodor KarlovichKristian AvelanAvellan

|native_name= Федор Карлович Авелан

|native_name_lang= rus

|birth_place= [[Loviisa]], [[Grand Duchy of Finland]], [[Russian Empire]]

|death_place=[[Petrograd]], Russia[[Russian Empire]]

|caption= Admiral FyodorTheodor Karlovich AvelanAvellan in 1904

'''Theodor FyodorKristian Karlovich AvelanAvellan''' ({{Lang-ru| ФедорФёдор Карлович Авелан}}, {{Lang-sv|TheodorFyodor ChristianKarlovich Avellan}}Avelan; (12 September 1839 – 30 September 1916) was ana [[Swedish-speaking population of Finland|Finland-Swedish]] admiral in the [[Imperial Russian Navy]], noted for his role in the [[Russo-Japanese War]] of 1904-19051904–1905. Although castigated by the Russian government for the defeat of Russia in that war, he subsequently served on the Board of Admiralty and was member of the State Council (1914).

AvelanAvellan was born in [[Loviisa]] in the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]]. He graduated from the [[Sea Cadet Corps (Russia)|Sea Cadets Corps]] in 1855, and was promoted to lieutenant in 1857, and was assigned to the [[Baltic Fleet]], and was promoted to lieutenant in 1872. In 1878, he took part in a naval expedition to the coasts of North America and was subsequently given command of the cruiser {{ship|Russian cruiser|Asia|1878|2}}. Between 1879-1889 he made two world tours, commanding a number of different vessels. In 1889 he was promoted to Chief-of-Staff of [[Kronstadt]] naval base. He was promoted to rear admiral in 1891.

From 1893-18941893–1894, AvelanAvellan commanded the Russian squadron in the Mediterranean, and visited the French Navy in [[Toulon]] (October 1893) to reinforce the [[Franco-Russian Alliance]].<ref>''[[L'Illustration]]'', n° 2642 , October 14, 1893</ref> From 1895-1897 he served as Deputy Chief-of-Staff of the Imperial Russian Navy. He then became Chief-of-Staff and was raised in rank the [[Adjutant-General]] in 1903. He served as Minister of the Navy from 10 March 1903 to 29 June 1905. Following the massive defeat of the Imperial Russian Navy at the [[Battle of Tsushima]], he was held responsible for the disaster due to his underestimation of the Japanese and was stripped of his rank. Although he presented his resignation to [[Nicholas II of Russia|Tsar Nicholas II]], his resignation was rejected. In 1914, he was allowed to have a seat in the [[State Council (Russian Empire)|Council of State]]. He died on 30 September 1916 in [[Petrograd]].

*1872: [[File:Order of Saint AnneAnna Ribbonribbon bar.PNGsvg|30px|link=Order of St. Anna]] [[Order of St. Anna|Order of St. Anne]] 3rd degree

*1879: [[File:Order of Saint AnneAnna Ribbonribbon bar.PNGsvg|30px|link=Order of St. Anna]] [[Order of St. Anna|Order of St. Anne]] 2nd degree

*1884 : [[File:GRE Order Redeemer 2Class.pngsvg|30px|link= Order of the Redeemer]] [[Order of the Redeemer]], 2nd class (Greece)

*1896: [[File:Order of Saint AnneAnna Ribbonribbon bar.PNGsvg|30px|link=Order of St. Anna]] [[Order of St. Anna|Order of St. Anne]] 1st degree

*1897 : [[File:Order of the Crown of Thailand - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.pngsvg|30px|link=Order of the Crown of ThailandSun]] [[Order of the Crown of Thailand|Order of the Crown of Siam]], 1st class (Siam)

*1899 : [[File:Order of the Star of Romania - Ribbon bar.PNGsvg|30px|link=Order of the Star of Romania]] Knight Grand Cross [[Order of the Star of Romania]], 1st class (Romania)

*1902 : [[File:RUS Order White Eagle BAR.png|30px|link= Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire)]] [[Order of the White Eagle (Russian Empire)|Order of the White Eagle]]

* Connaughton, R.M (1988). ''The War of the Rising Sun and the Tumbling Bear—A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–5'', London, {{ISBN |0-415-00906-5}}.

*{{cite book | last = Kowner| first = Rotem|authorlinkauthor-link=Rotem Kowner| coauthors = | year = 2006 | title = Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War| publisher = The Scarecrow Press | location ISBN= ISBN 0-8108-4927-5 | id = }}

* Warner, Denis & Peggy. ''The Tide at Sunrise, A History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905''. (1975). {{ISBN |0-7146-5256-3}}.

[[Category:PeopleMilitary personnel from Uusimaa Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)]]

[[Category:Members of the State Council of the (Russian Empire)]]

[[Category:Grand CroixCross of the LégionLegion d'honneurof Honour]]

[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (RussianRussia)]]

[[Category:RecipientsSwedish-speaking of the Order of the Red EagleFinns]]

[[Category:OrderNaval ofCadet St.Corps Alexander Nevsky recipientsalumni]]