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{{Infobox Bantu name|Mulubà|Balubà|[[Luba-Katanga language|Kiluba]] and [[Luba-Kasai language|Tshiluba]]|[[Luba-Kasai language|Luba]]}}
The '''Luba people''' or '''Baluba''' are an ethno-linguistic group indigenous to the south-central region of the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]].<ref name="Gates2010p14">{{cite book|author= Elizabeth Heath| editor1=Anthony Appiah|editor2=Henry Louis Gates|title=Encyclopedia of Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC |year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-533770-9|pages=88–89, 14–15}}</ref> The majority of them live in this country, residing mainly in [[Katanga Province|Katanga]], [[Kasai region|Kasai]] and [[Maniema]]. The Baluba Tribe consist of many sub-groups or clans who speak various dialects of Luba (e.g. [[Luba-Katanga language|Kiluba]], [[Luba-Kasai language|Tshiluba]]) and other languages, such as [[Swahili language|Swahili]].
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===Luba Empire===
{{main|Kingdom of Luba}}
Around 1500, possibly earlier, the Luba people began to coalesce into a single, unified state which historians now call the Kingdom of Luba or [[Luba Empire]].<ref name="Falola285"/> The kingdom grew and became more sophisticated over time, reaching its peak between 18th to 19th-century.<ref name="Falola285"/><ref name="Reefe1981pxiv">{{cite book|author=Thomas Q. Reefe|title=The Rainbow and the Kings: A History of the Luba Empire to 1891|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C |year=1981| publisher=University of California Press| isbn=978-0-520-04140-0|pages=xiv, 3–4, 120, 118–194}}</ref>
A prominent sociopolitical system of the Luba Empire was the adoption of two layers of power, one of ''Balopwe'' (hereditary kingship) and another a council of royals or elders. These provided governmental stability through mutual balancing, when there were disputes of succession from death or other causes. This idea was adopted by the neighboring Lunda people and other ethnic groups.<ref name=bortolot/>
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