Eleventh chord: Difference between revisions

[[Image:Eleventh chord without third on C.png|thumb|[Dominant] eleventh chord in F, on C (C11). "As it appears in actual music": C, —, G, B{{music|b}}, D, F.<ref name="Stephenson">Stephenson, Ken (2002). ''What to Listen for in Rock: A Stylistic Analysis'', p.87. ISBN 978-0-300-09239-4.</ref> {{Audio|Eleventh chord without third on C.mid|Play}}]]

[[Image:Minor eleventh chord Herbie Hancock Maiden Voyage.png|thumb|Opening minor eleventh chord (Am7/D) from [[Herbie Hancock]]'s "[[Maiden Voyage (composition)|Maiden Voyage]]".<ref name="Kernfeld">Kernfeld, Barry (1997). ''What to Listen for in Jazz'', p.68. ISBN 978-0-300-07259-4.</ref> {{audio|Minor eleventh chord Herbie Hancock Maiden Voyage.mid|Play}}]]

In [[music]], an '''eleventh chord''' is a [[chord (music)|chord]] which contains the [[tertian]] [[extended chord|extension]] of the [[eleventh]]. Typically found in [[jazz]], an eleventh chord will also usually include the [[seventh (chord)|seventh]] and [[ninth]] along with elements of the basic [[triad (music)|triad]] structure. Variants include the '''dominant eleventh''', '''minor eleventh''', and the '''major eleventh chord'''. Symbols include: Caug11, C9(aug11), C9(+11), C9alt11, Cmin9(11), C-(9)(11).<ref>Smith, Johnny (1980). ''Mel Bay's Complete Johnny Smith Approach to Guitar'', p.231. ISBN 978-1-56222-239-0.</ref> The eleventh in an eleventh chord is, "almost always sharped, especially in jazz,"<ref name="Miller">Miller, Michael (2004). ''Complete Idiot's Guide to Solos and Improvisation'', p.52. ISBN 978-1-59257-210-6.</ref> at least in reference to the third, with CM11 (major eleventh): C-E-G-B-D-F{{music|sharp}}, Cm11 (minor eleventh): C-E{{music|flat}}-G-B{{music|flat}}-D-F, and C11 (dominant eleventh): C-E-G-B{{music|flat}}-D-F{{music|sharp}}.<ref name="Miller"/>

 

However, since the [[major and minor|major]] [[diatonic and chromatic|diatonic]] eleventh would create a dissonant [[ninth|minor ninth]] interval with the [[third (chord)|third]] of the chord, including the third is a rare phenomenon, even in [[20th-century classical music]].{{citation needed|date=July 2009}} Though rare, in [[rock music|rock]] and [[popular music]], the third of the dominant eleventh ("as theoretically conceived": C, E, G, B{{music|b}}, D, F {{Audio|Dominant eleventh chord on C.mid|play}}), for example, is usually omitted.<ref name="Stephenson"/> It may be notated in charts as, C11, or, more often, "descriptively," as Gm7/C.<ref name="Stephenson"/> The fifth is also sometimes omitted, thus turning the chord into a [[suspended chord]].{{citation needed|date=July 2011}}