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2011 Norway attacks: Difference between revisions

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}}</ref> A video Breivik released on YouTube 6 hours before the attack has been described as promoting violence towards leftists and Muslims who reside in Western Europe.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/norway/8657669/Norway-shootings-Anders-Behring-Breiviks-YouTube-video-posted-hours-before-killings.html |title=Video: Norway shootings: Anders Behring Breivik's YouTube video posted hours before killings |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=24 July 2011 |access-date=16 August 2011 |location=London| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110729004558/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/norway/8657669/Norway-shootings-Anders-Behring-Breiviks-YouTube-video-posted-hours-before-killings.html| archive-date=29 July 2011 |url-status = dead}}</ref>
 
Among other things, in the manifesto he identified the [[Beneš Decrees]], which facilitated the [[expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia]] after the Second World War, as an example for committing that act on [[Islam in Europe|European Muslims]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/praha-je-prilis-bezpecna-zbrane-tu-nesezenu-pise-v-manifestu-breivik-1ia-/zahranicni.aspx?c=A110724_111215_zahranicni_js |title=Praha je příliš bezpečná, zbraně tu neseženu, píše v manifestu Breivik |last=Šťastný |first=Jiří |date=24 July 2011 |work=Mladá fronta DNESDnes|location=Czech Republic|language=cs |access-date=24 July 2011}}</ref> In his manifesto he also urges the Hindus to drive Muslims out of India.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ben |first=By |url=https://news.yahoo.com/norway-massacre-breivik-manifesto-attempts-woo-indias-hindu-185033601.html |title=Norway massacre: Breivik manifesto attempts to woo India's Hindu nationalists&nbsp;– Yahoo!!! News |work=Yahoo! News |date=25 July 2011 |access-date=16 August 2011}}</ref> He demands the gradual deportation of all Muslims from Europe from 2011 to 2083 through [[repatriation]].<ref name="theconservativetreehouse.wordpress.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110830202053/http://theconservativetreehouse.wordpress.com/2011/07/23/norway-gunman-anders-behring-breivik-released-manifesto-on-the-web-video-and-1500-page-document/ Norway Gunman Anders Behring Breivik Released Manifesto on the Web&nbsp;– Video and 1,500 page document], The Last Refuge, 23 July 2011.</ref> He blames feminism for allowing the erosion of the fabric of European society.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/jul/27/breivik-anti-feminism |title=Anders Breivik's chilling anti-feminism &#124; Comment is free |work=The Guardian |date=27 July 2011|access-date=16 August 2011 |location=London| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110728011222/http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/jul/27/breivik-anti-feminism| archive-date=28 July 2011 |url-status = live}}</ref>
 
Breivik's writings mention the [[English Defence League]], claiming that he had contact with senior members of the EDL, and that a Norwegian version of the group was 'in the process of gaining strength'. He wrote that the EDL were 'naïve fools' because in his words the EDL 'harshly condemns any and all revolutionary conservative movements that employ terror as a tool'. EDL leader [[Stephen Yaxley-Lennon|Tommy Robinson]] denounced Breivik and the attack on 26 July 2011 and denied any links with the Norwegian.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://englishdefenceleague.org/official-statement-anders-brievik/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110731204051/http://englishdefenceleague.org/official-statement-anders-brievik/|url-status = dead|archive-date=31 July 2011|author=BigJay|title=Official Statement&nbsp;– Anders Brievik|publisher=English Defence League}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2011/0726/1224301383796.html|author=Mark Hennessy|title=Claim gunman linked to UK group|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=26 July 2011|access-date=16 April 2020|archive-date=24 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024091235/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2011/0726/1224301383796.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Hall|first=Richard|title=Outcry over role of English Defense League|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/outcry-over-role-of-english-defence-league-2319895.html|access-date=25 July 2011|newspaper=Independent|date=25 July 2011|location=London|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112005417/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/outcry-over-role-of-english-defence-league-2319895.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Townsend|first=Mark|title=Norway attacks: Utøya gunman boasted of links to UK far right|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/23/norway-attacks-utoya-gunman|access-date=25 July 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|date=23 July 2011|location=London| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110724171727/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/23/norway-attacks-utoya-gunman| archive-date=24 July 2011 |url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Terroristen ville bruke atomvåpen
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==== Polish copycat ====
On 20 November 2012, the Polish authorities announced the arrest of a 45-year-old lecturer in chemical engineering at the [[Agricultural University of Kraków]] under suspicion of preparing a similar attack. According to the authorities, {{ill|Brunon Kwiecień|pl|vertical-align=sup}} was an admirer of Breivik and was further inspired by the [[Oklahoma City bombing]].<ref name="pol copy 1">{{Cite journal|url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/polsko-zmarilo-chystany-teroristicky-utok-na-predstavitele-zeme-1cz-/zahranicni.aspx?c=A121120_081639_zahranicni_js|title=Polsko zmařilo atentát na Sejm. Vědec chtěl odpálit 4 tuny výbušnin [Poland foiled an attack against the Sejm. A scientist wanted to detonate 4 tonnes of explosives]|journal=[[Mladá fronta DNESDnes]]|date=20 November 2012|access-date=24 November 2012| language=cs}}</ref><ref name="pol copy 7">{{Cite journal |last=West |first=Ben |date=2012-11-29 |title=Mimicking Breivik in Poland |url=http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/mimicking-breivik-poland |journal=[[Stratfor]] |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202012104/http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/mimicking-breivik-poland |archive-date=2012-12-02 |access-date=2 December 2012}}</ref> Poland's [[Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego|Internal Security Agency (ABW)]] first found out about Kwiecień after it launched investigation into Breivik's Polish contacts when it became known that Breivik had [[#Arming in Norway and through the Internet|ordered some of the chemicals for his bomb from Poland]] via internet. According to ABW, Kwiecień was preparing an attack against the [[Sejm]], the lower house of the Polish parliament, using a car bomb.<ref name="pol copy 2">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/357276/Niedoszly-zamachowiec-wpadl-przez-Breivika/?pg=0|title=Niedoszły zamachowiec wpadł przez Breivika [Failed attacker was caught thanks to Breivik]|publisher=[[wprost.pl]]|date=20 November 2012|access-date=24 November 2012| language=pl}}</ref> Apart from targeting the parliament, Kwiecień was also preparing murders of [[Monika Olejnik]], an influential journalist, and [[Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz]], the mayor of Warsaw.<ref name="pol copy 62">{{Cite journal |date=28 November 2012 |title=Monika Olejnik i Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz na celowniku Brunona K. [Monika Olejnik and Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz also targeted by Brunon K.] |url=http://wyborcza.pl/1,75478,12936571,Monika_Olejnik_i_Hanna_Gronkiewicz_Waltz_na_celowniku.html |journal=[[Gazeta Wyborcza]] |language=pl |access-date=28 November 2012}}</ref>
 
Kwiecień tried to arm himself in 1997, however the authorities refused his application for a firearm permit. He later started arming himself illegally, mostly with weapons bought in Belgium.<ref name="pol copy 3">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.rp.pl/artykul/10,953875-Chemik-zafascynowany-Breivikiem.html|title=Chemik zafascynowany Breivikiem [A chemist fascinated by Breivik]|journal=[[Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)|Rzeczpospolita]]|date=21 November 2012|access-date=24 November 2012|language=pl|archive-date=28 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428025707/http://www.rp.pl/artykul/10,953875-Chemik-zafascynowany-Breivikiem.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He had recruited four other people for his cause, however at least two of them were actually ABW's secret agents.<ref name="pol copy 6">{{Cite journal |date=28 November 2012 |title=Monika Olejnik i Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz na celowniku Brunona K. [Monika Olejnik and Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz also targeted by Brunon K.] |url=http://wyborcza.pl/1,75478,12936571,Monika_Olejnik_i_Hanna_Gronkiewicz_Waltz_na_celowniku.html |journal=[[Gazeta Wyborcza]] |language=pl |access-date=28 November 2012}}</ref> He was convicted and sentenced to nine years of imprisonment on 19 April 2017, later dying in prison on 6 August 2019 from what is believed to have been a suicide.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 August 2019 |title=He was planning an attack on the Sejm. Brunon Kwiecień found dead in prison |url=https://www.tvn24.pl/tvn24-news-in-english,157,m/brunon-kwiecien-man-who-planned-an-attack-on-polish-sejm-found-dead,959066.html |access-date=6 August 2019 |publisher=tvn24.pl}}</ref>