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In many countries, concerted attempts are being made to preserve traditions that are at risk of being lost. A number of factors can exacerbate the loss of tradition, including industrialization, [[globalization]], and the [[Cultural assimilation|assimilation]] or [[marginalization]] of specific cultural groups.<ref name="UVic">{{cite book|last=McIntosh|first=Tracey|title=New Zealand identities : departures and destinations|year=2005|publisher=Victoria University Press|location=Wellington, N.Z.|isbn=0-86473-517-0|editor=James H. Liu|page=40|chapter=Maori Identities: Fixed, Fluid, Forced}}</ref> Customary celebrations and lifestyles are among the traditions that are sought to be preserved.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.presstv.ir/detail/162937.html |title=PressTV – Iran plans to preserve Nowruz traditions |work=presstv.ir |date=31 January 2011 |accessdate=5 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://articles.cnn.com/2010-03-11/world/bahrain.pearling.industry_1_pearls-bahrain-oyster-beds?_s=PM:WORLD |title=Bahrain seeks to preserve ancient pearling traditions |publisher=cnn |date=11 March 2010 |accessdate=5 February 2011}}</ref> Likewise, the concept of tradition has been used to defend the preservation and reintroduction of minority languages such as [[Cornish language|Cornish]] under the auspices of the [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6554120/Cornish-street-signs-to-be-translated.html|accessdate=6 February 2010|title=Cornish street signs to be translated|publisher=The Telegraph|author=Richard Savill|date=12 November 2009}}</ref> Specifically, the charter holds that these languages "contribute to the maintenance and development of Europe's cultural wealth and traditions". The Charter goes on to call for "the use or adoption... of traditional and correct forms of place-names in regional or minority languages".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/en/Treaties/Html/148.htm|title=European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages|date=5 November 1992|accessdate=6 February 2010|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]}}</ref> Similarly, [[UNESCO]] includes both "oral tradition" and "traditional manifestations" in its definition of a country's cultural properties and heritage. It therefore works to preserve tradition in countries such as Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/en/brasilia/culture-in-brazil/world-heritage-in-brazil/|title=World Heritage in Brazil|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=11 February 2011}}</ref>
In [[Japan]], certain artworks, structures, craft techniques and performing arts are considered by the Japanese government to be a precious legacy of the Japanese people, and are protected under the Japanese Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties.<ref name="ACA">{{cite web| url =
For native peoples like the [[Māori people|Māori]] in New Zealand, there is conflict between the fluid identity assumed as part of modern society and the traditional identity with the obligations that accompany it; the loss of language heightens the feeling of isolation and damages the ability to perpetuate tradition.<ref name="UVic"/>
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==Traditional cultural expressions==
The phrase "traditional cultural expressions" is used by the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] to refer to "any form of artistic and literary expression in which traditional culture and knowledge are embodied. They are transmitted from one generation to the next, and include handmade textiles, paintings, stories, legends, ceremonies, music, songs, rhythms and dance."<ref>{{citation
==See also==
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