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Coordinates: 51°50′44″N 12°25′27″E / 51.845464°N 12.424121°E / 51.845464; 12.424121
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{{Short description|Synagogue in Wörlitz (Saxony-Anhalt)}}
{{Short description|Former historic synagogue, now museum, in Wörlitz (Saxony-Anhalt), Germany}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox religious building
{{Infobox religious building
|name = Wörlitz Synagogue
| name = Wörlitz Synagogue
| native_name =
|image = Woerlitz synagoge aussen.jpg
| native_name_lang =
|caption = Wörlitz Synagogue
| image = Woerlitz synagoge aussen.jpg
|location = [[Oranienbaum-Wörlitz]], [[Germany]]
| image_upright = 1.4
|coordinates = {{Coord|51.845464|12.424121|source:dewiki_region:DE-ST_type:landmark|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| alt =
|map_type = Saxony-Anhalt#Germany
| caption = The former synagogue, now museum, in 2007
|religious_affiliation = [[Judaism]]
| religious_affiliation = [[Judaism]] {{small|(former)}}
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|year_completed = 1790
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| location = [[Oranienbaum-Wörlitz]], [[Saxony-Anhalt]]
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| map_caption = Location of the former synagogue,<br/>now museum, in [[Saxony-Anhalt]]
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| architect = [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff]]
| architecture_type = [[Synagogue architecture]]
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The '''Wörlitz Synagogue''' is a synagogue built in 1790 by order of Duke [[Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau|Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau]].<ref name="European Synagogue 1964, pp. 158-9">[[Rachel Wischnitzer]],
The '''Wörlitz Synagogue''' is a former [[Judaism|Jewish]] congregation and [[synagogue]] built in 1790 by order of Duke [[Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau|Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau]].<ref name="European Synagogue 1964">{{cite book |author=Wischnitzer, Rachel |author-link=Rachel Wischnitzer |title=Architecture of the European Synagogue |publisher=Jewish Publication Society |year=1964 |pages=158–9 |isbn= }}</ref> It is located within the [[Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm]], a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]] since 2000.
''Architecture of the European Synagogue'', Jewish Publication Society, 1964, pp. 158–9</ref> It is located within the [[Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm]], a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]] since 2000.


== History ==
The duke, a follower of the [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]], had the synagogue built as an expression of his [[Religious toleration|tolerance]] policy but also as an ornament for his gardens. The prior synagogue was torn down in the course of embellishing Wörlitz. It was the sole synagogue in the tiny town of [[Wörlitz]] and was used by its [[German Jews|Jewish]] community in an era when Jews lived in German principalities by permission of the prince (here: [[Anhalt-Dessau]]).<ref name="European Synagogue 1964, pp. 158-9" />
The duke, a follower of the [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]], had the synagogue built as an expression of his [[Religious toleration|tolerance]] policy but also as an ornament for his gardens. The prior synagogue was torn down in the course of embellishing Wörlitz. It was the sole synagogue in the tiny town of [[Wörlitz]] and was used by its [[German Jews|Jewish]] community in an era when Jews lived in German principalities by permission of the prince (here: [[Anhalt-Dessau]]).<ref name="European Synagogue 1964"/>


The synagogue was designed by the Duke's court architect [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff]], who modeled it after the "[[Tempio di Vesta, Tivoli|Temple of Vesta]]" in [[Tivoli, Italy|Tivoli]].<ref name="European Synagogue 1964, pp. 158-9" />
The synagogue was designed by the Duke's court architect [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff]], who modeled it after the "[[Tempio di Vesta, Tivoli|Temple of Vesta]]" in [[Tivoli, Italy|Tivoli]].<ref name="European Synagogue 1964"/>


Twelve pilasters adorn the exterior. One door led to the ground floor, entering the room opposite the [[Torah Ark]]. The other to the semicircular gallery supported by six [[Doric columns]]. The [[Bema#Judaism|bimah]] was in the center of the building. There are twelve round windows just below the roofline. The roof is a cone. The basement contained a [[mikvah]] and stove to heat the water.<ref name="European Synagogue 1964, pp. 158-9" />
Twelve pilasters adorn the exterior. One door led to the ground floor, entering the room opposite the [[Torah Ark]]. The other to the semicircular gallery supported by six [[Doric columns]]. The [[Bema#Judaism|bimah]] was in the center of the building. There are twelve round windows just below the roofline. The roof is a cone. The basement contained a [[mikvah]] and stove to heat the water.<ref name="European Synagogue 1964"/>


The synagogue was renamed "Temple of Vesta" and robbed of its religious function and furnishings. This "Temple of Vesta" was declared a national monument by the Nazi government in 1937.<ref name="European Synagogue 1964, pp. 158-9" /> Although the building was badly damaged during the 1938 Nazi ''[[Kristallnacht]]'' pogrom, the park's administration was able to prevent its complete demolition. Since 2003 it has been restored and is now a small museum showcasing the history of the Jewish community of Wörlitz.<ref name="woerlitz-information">{{cite web|url=http://www.woerlitz-information.de/woerlitz-en/se/synagoge.php|publisher=woerlitz-information.de|title=About Wörlitz - Sights - Synagogue|accessdate=2017-07-15}}</ref>
The synagogue was renamed "Temple of Vesta" and robbed of its religious function and furnishings. This "Temple of Vesta" was declared a national monument by the Nazi government in 1937.<ref name="European Synagogue 1964"/> Although the building was badly damaged during the 1938 Nazi ''[[Kristallnacht]]'' pogrom, the park's administration was able to prevent its complete demolition. Since 2003 it has been restored and is now a small museum showcasing the history of the Jewish community of Wörlitz.<ref name="woerlitz-information">{{cite web|url=http://www.woerlitz-information.de/woerlitz-en/se/synagoge.php |work=About Wörlitz - Sights |title=Synagogue |date= |accessdate=2017-07-15}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{stack|{{portal|Germany|Judaism}}}}
* [[History of the Jews in Germany]]
* [[:de:Liste der Synagogen in Deutschland|List of synagogues in Germany]] {{in lang|de}}


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Worlitz Synagogue}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Worlitz Synagogue}}
[[Category:1790 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:18th-century synagogues in Germany]]
[[Category:Former synagogues in Germany]]
[[Category:Former synagogues in Germany]]
[[Category:History museums in Germany]]
[[Category:Jewish museums in Germany]]
[[Category:Museums in Saxony-Anhalt]]
[[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Germany]]
[[Category:Neoclassical synagogues]]
[[Category:Neoclassical synagogues]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Saxony-Anhalt]]
[[Category:Round and octagonal synagogues]]
[[Category:Round and octagonal synagogues]]
[[Category:18th-century synagogues in Germany]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1790]]
[[Category:Synagogues preserved as museums]]
[[Category:Synagogues preserved as museums]]

[[Category:Museums in Saxony-Anhalt]]
[[Category:Jewish museums in Germany]]
[[Category:History museums in Germany]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Saxony-Anhalt]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1790]]
[[Category:1790 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire]]


[[de:Wörlitzer Park#Synagoge]]
[[de:Wörlitzer Park#Synagoge]]

Latest revision as of 09:13, 1 July 2024

Wörlitz Synagogue
The former synagogue, now museum, in 2007
Religion
AffiliationJudaism (former)
Ecclesiastical or organisational status
Status
  • Closed (as a synagogue);
  • Repurposed
Location
LocationOranienbaum-Wörlitz, Saxony-Anhalt
CountryGermany
Wörlitz Synagogue is located in Saxony-Anhalt
Wörlitz Synagogue
Location of the former synagogue,
now museum, in Saxony-Anhalt
Geographic coordinates51°50′44″N 12°25′27″E / 51.845464°N 12.424121°E / 51.845464; 12.424121
Architecture
Architect(s)Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff
TypeSynagogue architecture
StyleNeoclassical
Completed1790

The Wörlitz Synagogue is a former Jewish congregation and synagogue built in 1790 by order of Duke Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau.[1] It is located within the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000.

History[edit]

The duke, a follower of the Enlightenment, had the synagogue built as an expression of his tolerance policy but also as an ornament for his gardens. The prior synagogue was torn down in the course of embellishing Wörlitz. It was the sole synagogue in the tiny town of Wörlitz and was used by its Jewish community in an era when Jews lived in German principalities by permission of the prince (here: Anhalt-Dessau).[1]

The synagogue was designed by the Duke's court architect Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff, who modeled it after the "Temple of Vesta" in Tivoli.[1]

Twelve pilasters adorn the exterior. One door led to the ground floor, entering the room opposite the Torah Ark. The other to the semicircular gallery supported by six Doric columns. The bimah was in the center of the building. There are twelve round windows just below the roofline. The roof is a cone. The basement contained a mikvah and stove to heat the water.[1]

The synagogue was renamed "Temple of Vesta" and robbed of its religious function and furnishings. This "Temple of Vesta" was declared a national monument by the Nazi government in 1937.[1] Although the building was badly damaged during the 1938 Nazi Kristallnacht pogrom, the park's administration was able to prevent its complete demolition. Since 2003 it has been restored and is now a small museum showcasing the history of the Jewish community of Wörlitz.[2]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e Wischnitzer, Rachel (1964). Architecture of the European Synagogue. Jewish Publication Society. pp. 158–9.
  2. ^ "Synagogue". About Wörlitz - Sights. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
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