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{{distinguish|Toyota Sera|Toyota Soarer}}
{{distinguish|Toyota Sera|Toyota Soarer}}
{{Infobox automobile
{{Infobox automobile
| image = Toyota_Sora_fuel_cell_bus_2017_Tokyo_Motor_Show_front.jpg
| image = Toyota_Sora_fuel_cell_bus_2017_Tokyo_Motor_Show_front.jpg
| name = Toyota Sora
| name = Toyota Sora
| manufacturer = [[Toyota]]
| manufacturer = [[Toyota]]
| production = 2018–present
| production = 2018–present
⚫
| assembly = Japan: [[Komatsu, Ishikawa]] ([[J-Bus]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aba-j.or.jp/info/industry/3316/ |title=トヨタＦＣバス、官庁街で試乗会　 静かな走り「内緒話聞こえてしまう」 |trans-title=Test drive event for the Toyota fuel cell bus by district governments. Quiet driving: "I even can hear secret chats" |language=ja |publisher=Automotive Business Association of Japan |date=2018-04-26 |access-date=2023-06-11}}</ref>
| predecessor =
| class = [[Transit bus]]
⚫
|assembly =Japan: [[Komatsu, Ishikawa]] ([[J-Bus]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aba-j.or.jp/info/industry/3316/ |title=トヨタＦＣバス、官庁街で試乗会　 静かな走り「内緒話聞こえてしまう」 |trans-title=Test drive event for the Toyota fuel cell bus by district governments. Quiet driving: "I even can hear secret chats" |language=ja |publisher=Automotive Business Association of Japan |date=2018-04-26 |access-date=2023-06-11}}</ref>
⚫
| body_style = [[Single-decker bus]]
| successor =
| class = [[Transit bus]]
| engine = [[Fuel-cell]]
⚫
| motor = 2x AC synchronous drive motors {{convert|114|kW|hp PS|abbr=on}}
| platform =
| transmission = Full automatic electric motor transmission
⚫
| body_style = [[Single-decker bus]]
⚫
| battery = 235 [[kWh]] [[Nickel-metal hydride|NiMH]] battery
| doors =
⚫
| range = {{convert|200|km|mi|1|abbr=on}}
| floortype =
⚫
| wheelbase = <!-- {{convert||mm|in|1|abbr=on}} -->
| engine = [[Fuel-cell]]
| motor = 2x AC synchronous drive motors {{convert|114|kW|hp PS|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|10525|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
⚫
| width = {{convert|2490|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| transmission = 1-speed
⚫
| height = {{convert|3340|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
⚫
| battery = 235 [[kWh]] [[Nickel-metal hydride|NiMH]] battery
| weight = <!-- {{convert||kg|lb|abbr=on}} -->
| range =
| model_code = ZBC-MUM1NAE
⚫
| wheelbase = <!-- {{convert||mm|in|1|abbr=on}} -->
| chassis = Low-floor
⚫
| length = {{convert|10525|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
⚫
| width = {{convert|2490|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
⚫
| height = {{convert|3340|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
⚫
| weight = <!-- {{convert||kg|lb|abbr=on}} -->
| aka =
| related =
| designer =
}}
}}


The '''Toyota Sora''' is a [[transit bus]] with an electric motor powered by hydrogen fuel cells produced by [[Toyota]], developed in cooperation with [[Hino Motors]]. The bus uses components originally developed for the [[Toyota Mirai]], a mid-size fuel cell sedan. The name Sora is an abbreviation of the words Sky, Ocean, River and Air and refers to the [[water cycle]].
The '''Toyota Sora''' is a [[transit bus]] with an electric motor powered by hydrogen fuel cells produced by [[Toyota]], developed in cooperation with [[Hino Motors]]. The bus uses components originally developed for the [[Toyota Mirai]], a mid-size fuel cell sedan. The name Sora is an abbreviation of the words Sky, Ocean, River and Air and refers to the [[water cycle]].


== Technical details ==
The Sora uses two sets of polymer electrolyte fuel cells with an output of 155&nbsp;hp. The bus is also equipped with a power system, it can be used as an emergency source of electricity, providing external consumers with up to 235 kWh of electricity with a maximum power of 9&nbsp;kW.
With a capacity of 78 passengers, the Sora uses fuel cells to power the bus, in which 10 tanks carrying 600 litres of hydrogen feeds two sets of polymer electrolyte fuel cells which can produces an output of 155&nbsp;hp. A single refuelling takes only 10 minutes for 200 km journey compared to conventional battery electric buses which takes around 5 hours for the batteries to be fully charged. The bus is also equipped with an external power supply system which can be used as an emergency source of electricity, providing external consumers with up to 235 kWh of electricity with a maximum power of 9&nbsp;kW.


⚫
== Features ==
The Sora uses an automatic stopping system, which follows lines on the road and, using automatic steering and braking, stops the bus from {{cvt|3 to 6|cm|0}} from the edge of the stop, and also not more than {{cvt|10|cm|0}} in front of or behind the designated stop line. The bus has an environment monitoring system based on eight cameras located inside and outside the vehicle. The system detects pedestrians and cyclists in the vicinity and alerts the driver to their presence using audible and visual signals. The bus is also equipped with the acceleration control function, which, in view of the safety of standing passengers, prevents too rapid acceleration.
The Sora uses an automatic stopping system, which follows lines on the road and, using automatic steering and braking, stops the bus from {{cvt|3 to 6|cm|0}} from the edge of the stop, and also not more than {{cvt|10|cm|0}} in front of or behind the designated stop line. The bus has an environment monitoring system based on eight cameras located inside and outside the vehicle, combined with a radar and a collision warning system, as well as an additional solution to detects pedestrians and cyclists in the vicinity and alerts the driver to their presence using audible and visual signals. The bus is also equipped with the acceleration control function, which, in view of the safety of standing passengers, prevents too rapid acceleration.


The bus is equipped with a radar and a collision warning system, as well as an additional solution to avoid a collision when turning right, which warns the driver about oncoming vehicles or the presence of pedestrians. An additional system alerts the driver when he does not start to brake approaching the red light and additionally displays the time remaining until the signal changes. The Emergency Driving Stop System also allows passengers to stop the vehicle in an emergency, for example when the driver collapses.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Podczas igrzysk olimpijskich w Tokio pasażerów będą wozić zaawansowane technologiczne wodorowe autobusy |date = 2019-08-09 |access-date = 2019-08-30 |publisher = www.komputerswiat.pl |url = https://www.komputerswiat.pl/aktualnosci/nauka-i-technika/podczas-igrzysk-olimpijskich-w-tokio-pasazerow-beda-wozic-zaawansowane-technologiczne/qqntl8t |language = pl}}</ref>
The Sora cooperates with the ITS Connect system, which uses communication between vehicles and between vehicles and road infrastructure to improve driving safety, as well as systems supporting bus convoys and ensuring priority at traffic lights (Public Transportation Priority Systems). Toyota buses can exchange information about traffic, pedestrians or changes in lights with other vehicles. The Emergency Driving Stop System also allows passengers to stop the vehicle in an emergency, for example when the driver collapses.<ref>{{Cite web |title = Podczas igrzysk olimpijskich w Tokio pasażerów będą wozić zaawansowane technologiczne wodorowe autobusy |date = 2019-08-09 |access-date = 2019-08-30 |publisher = www.komputerswiat.pl |url = https://www.komputerswiat.pl/aktualnosci/nauka-i-technika/podczas-igrzysk-olimpijskich-w-tokio-pasazerow-beda-wozic-zaawansowane-technologiczne/qqntl8t |language = pl}}</ref>


== Sales and export ==
The Sora cooperates with the ITS Connect system, which uses communication between vehicles and between vehicles and road infrastructure to improve driving safety, as well as systems supporting bus convoys and ensuring priority at traffic lights (Public Transportation Priority Systems). Toyota buses can exchange information about traffic, pedestrians or changes in lights with other vehicles.
⚫
The Sora made its debut at the [[Tokyo Motor Show]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://newsroom.toyota.co.jp/en/detail/19063778/ | title = Toyota Unveils FC Bus Concept Sora | date = 2017-10-18 | publisher = newsroom.toyota.co.jp | language = en | access-date = 2017-10-27}}</ref> It went on sale in Japan in 7 March 2018 with more than 100 buses in the public transport fleet, mainly on [[Tokyo BRT]], Keikyu Bus and [[Toei Bus]], ahead of the [[2020 Olympic Games|2020 Olympic]] and [[2020 Paralympic Games|Paralympic Games]], which will take place in the Japanese capital.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://motoryzacja.interia.pl/raporty/raport-tokio-2017/tokio2017/news-sora-nowatorski-autobus-toyoty,nId,2455406 | title = SORA. NOWATORSKI AUTOBUS TOYOTY| date = 2017-10-20 | publisher =Interia Motoryzacja | language = pl | access-date = 2017-10-20}}</ref>

⚫
== History ==
⚫
The Sora made its debut at the [[Tokyo Motor Show]] in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://newsroom.toyota.co.jp/en/detail/19063778/ | title = Toyota Unveils FC Bus Concept Sora | date = 2017-10-18 | publisher = newsroom.toyota.co.jp | language = en | access-date = 2017-10-27}}</ref> It went on sale in Japan in 2018. More than 100 buses will be in the public transport fleet, mainly in [[Tokyo]], ahead of the [[2020 Olympic Games|2020 Olympic]] and [[2020 Paralympic Games|Paralympic Games]], which will take place in the Japanese capital.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://motoryzacja.interia.pl/raporty/raport-tokio-2017/tokio2017/news-sora-nowatorski-autobus-toyoty,nId,2455406 | title = SORA. NOWATORSKI AUTOBUS TOYOTY| date = 2017-10-20 | publisher =Interia Motoryzacja | language = pl | access-date = 2017-10-20}}</ref>


In [[Europe]], the Sora is sold as a chassis fitted with [[Caetano H2.City Gold]] bodywork supplied by Portuguese manufacturer [[Salvador Caetano]], who have been a long-time partner for importing Toyota commercial vehicles into Europe. {{As of|2022}}, numerous orders for Caetano-bodied Soras have been placed, predominantly in [[Germany]].{{cn|date=June 2022}}
In [[Europe]], the Sora is sold as a chassis fitted with [[Caetano H2.City Gold]] bodywork supplied by Portuguese manufacturer [[Salvador Caetano]], who have been a long-time partner for importing Toyota commercial vehicles into Europe. {{As of|2022}}, numerous orders for Caetano-bodied Soras have been placed, predominantly in [[Germany]].{{cn|date=June 2022}}

== Gallery ==
[[File:Keisei Bus Tokyo BRT 1002 Toyota Sora ZBC-MUM1NAE (52939899277).jpg|thumb|Tokyo BRT operated by Keisei Bus]]
[[File:JRBUS KANTO-L530-20502-B.jpeg|thumb|JR Bus Kanto operated by Japan Railways]]
[[File:Interior Toyota Sora.jpg|thumb|Interior of the Toyota Sora, which has 25 seatings and can carry up to 79 passengers]]
[[File:Toei Bus S-D111 Toyota Sora interior.jpg|thumb|Driver cockpit of Toyota Sora]]


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 17:02, 29 February 2024

Not to be confused with Toyota Sera or Toyota Soarer.
Toyota Sora
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
Model codeZBC-MUM1NAE
Production2018–present
AssemblyJapan: Komatsu, Ishikawa (J-Bus)[1]
Body and chassis
ClassTransit bus
Body styleSingle-decker bus
ChassisLow-floor
Powertrain
EngineFuel-cell
Electric motor2x AC synchronous drive motors 114 kW (153 hp; 155 PS)
TransmissionFull automatic electric motor transmission
Battery235 kWh NiMH battery
Range200 km (124.3 mi)
Dimensions
Length10,525 mm (414.4 in)
Width2,490 mm (98.0 in)
Height3,340 mm (131.5 in)

The Toyota Sora is a transit bus with an electric motor powered by hydrogen fuel cells produced by Toyota, developed in cooperation with Hino Motors. The bus uses components originally developed for the Toyota Mirai, a mid-size fuel cell sedan. The name Sora is an abbreviation of the words Sky, Ocean, River and Air and refers to the water cycle.

Technical details

With a capacity of 78 passengers, the Sora uses fuel cells to power the bus, in which 10 tanks carrying 600 litres of hydrogen feeds two sets of polymer electrolyte fuel cells which can produces an output of 155 hp. A single refuelling takes only 10 minutes for 200 km journey compared to conventional battery electric buses which takes around 5 hours for the batteries to be fully charged. The bus is also equipped with an external power supply system which can be used as an emergency source of electricity, providing external consumers with up to 235 kWh of electricity with a maximum power of 9 kW.

Features

The Sora uses an automatic stopping system, which follows lines on the road and, using automatic steering and braking, stops the bus from 3 to 6 cm (1 to 2 in) from the edge of the stop, and also not more than 10 cm (4 in) in front of or behind the designated stop line. The bus has an environment monitoring system based on eight cameras located inside and outside the vehicle, combined with a radar and a collision warning system, as well as an additional solution to detects pedestrians and cyclists in the vicinity and alerts the driver to their presence using audible and visual signals. The bus is also equipped with the acceleration control function, which, in view of the safety of standing passengers, prevents too rapid acceleration.

The Sora cooperates with the ITS Connect system, which uses communication between vehicles and between vehicles and road infrastructure to improve driving safety, as well as systems supporting bus convoys and ensuring priority at traffic lights (Public Transportation Priority Systems). Toyota buses can exchange information about traffic, pedestrians or changes in lights with other vehicles. The Emergency Driving Stop System also allows passengers to stop the vehicle in an emergency, for example when the driver collapses.[2]

Sales and export

The Sora made its debut at the Tokyo Motor Show in 2017.[3] It went on sale in Japan in 7 March 2018 with more than 100 buses in the public transport fleet, mainly on Tokyo BRT, Keikyu Bus and Toei Bus, ahead of the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, which will take place in the Japanese capital.[4]

In Europe, the Sora is sold as a chassis fitted with Caetano H2.City Gold bodywork supplied by Portuguese manufacturer Salvador Caetano, who have been a long-time partner for importing Toyota commercial vehicles into Europe. As of 2022, numerous orders for Caetano-bodied Soras have been placed, predominantly in Germany.[citation needed]

Gallery

Tokyo BRT operated by Keisei Bus
JR Bus Kanto operated by Japan Railways
Interior of the Toyota Sora, which has 25 seatings and can carry up to 79 passengers
Driver cockpit of Toyota Sora

References

  1. ^ "トヨタＦＣバス、官庁街で試乗会　 静かな走り「内緒話聞こえてしまう」" [Test drive event for the Toyota fuel cell bus by district governments. Quiet driving: "I even can hear secret chats"] (in Japanese). Automotive Business Association of Japan. 2018-04-26. Retrieved 2023-06-11.
  2. ^ "Podczas igrzysk olimpijskich w Tokio pasażerów będą wozić zaawansowane technologiczne wodorowe autobusy" (in Polish). www.komputerswiat.pl. 2019-08-09. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
  3. ^ "Toyota Unveils FC Bus Concept Sora". newsroom.toyota.co.jp. 2017-10-18. Retrieved 2017-10-27.
  4. ^ "SORA. NOWATORSKI AUTOBUS TOYOTY" (in Polish). Interia Motoryzacja. 2017-10-20. Retrieved 2017-10-20.
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