Sveti Andrija, Dubrovnik: Difference between revisions

Sveti Andrija
	Sveti Andrija
Geography
Location	Adriatic Sea
Coordinates	42°38′45″N 17°57′5″E / 42.64583°N 17.95139°E
Archipelago	Elaphiti Islands
Area	0.053 km2 (0.020 sq mi)
Length	475 m (1558 ft)
Width	130 m (430 ft)
Highest elevation	57 m (187 ft)
Administration
	Croatia
County	Dubrovnik-Neretva
Sveti Andrija Lighthouse
Coordinates	42°38′47″N 17°57′05″E / 42.646525°N 17.951387°E
Constructed	1873
Construction	stone tower
Height	17 metres (56 ft)
Shape	cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern rising from a 2-story keeper’s house
Markings	unpainted white stone tower, white lantern
Power source	solar power
Focal height	69 metres (226 ft)
Range	main: 24 nautical miles (44 km; 28 mi); reserve: 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi)
Characteristic	Fl W 15s.

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Sveti Andrija (Croatian for "Saint Andrew") is an island in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. It is part of the Elaphiti Islands archipelago, Dalmatia and is situated 6 nautical miles (11 km) from Dubrovnik, 3 nautical miles (6 km) from Koločep, 2 nautical miles (4 km) from Lopud and 4 nautical miles (7 km) from Šipan.^[4] The island is 475 metres (1,558 feet) long, and its maximal width is 130 metres (430 feet), while its coastline is 1,130 m (3,710 ft) long. The total area of the island is 53,757 square metres (578,640 square feet), with a maximum height elevation of 57 m (187 ft) above sea level.^[5]

The shores of the island are rocky and inhospitable. The western part of the island is covered with pine forest and various Mediterranean growth. Vegetation on the rest of the island is low lying, consisting mainly of bushes. Owing to the numerous birds present, the island was declared an ornithological reserve.

History[edit]

The patrician family Crijević of Ragusa built the Benedictine monastery on the island in the 15th century. The remote and isolated monastery was used for various purposes throughout its existence. At one point, it was used to quarantine the inhabitants of the island of Lopud. The monastery was destroyed during the 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake.

Lighthouse[edit]

In 1873 a lighthouse was built on the island, financed by the Austro-Hungarian government. A two-storey house was built, with a masonry tower in the centre. The building has an area of 210 square metres (2,300 square feet), and a lantern room with a gallery fitted at the top of the 17 metres (56 ft) tower. The optic is a clamshell Fresnel lens. At a height of 69 metres (226 feet) above sea level, the light is visible from a distance of 24 nautical miles (44 kilometres; 28 miles), making it one of the strongest lights in the Adriatic Sea.^[6]^[7]

Famous people on Sveti Andrija[edit]

Ludovik Crijević Tuberon, a historian from Ragusa (now known as Dubrovnik), lived here towards the end of 15th century. In the 16th century, Mavro Vetranović Čavčić, a famous poet from Ragusa, lived on Sveti Andrija as a monk. His poem "Remeta" details the time he spent on the island.

Legend connected with Sveti Andrija[edit]

A young girl, Mare, lived with her three brothers on the island of Lopud. Her friend Cvijeta had a brother Niko who was very fond of Mare. The brothers were fishing one night and from the stormy sea they rescued a shipwreck victim, the young patrician Ivan, a member of an influential noble family from Ragusa. After Mare nursed him back to health they fell in love, but their romance was forbidden, as they came from different classes. Ivan tried his best to obtain his father's blessing, but to no avail. Disappointed, he withdrew from ordinary life and became a monk on the island of Sveti Andrija. Mare learned of this and went to the island to meet her beloved. She repeated her visits more and more often, sometimes swimming from Lopud. By the end of the summer, Sveti Andrija was not clearly visible from Lopud any more. To solve the problem of declining visibility, Ivan would light a lantern on the rock and wait for Mare while she swam towards the signal.

Niko and his brothers found out and decided to get revenge. One evening, as Mare was preparing to swim towards Sveti Andrija, Niko and his brothers were following her. When night came they lit a lantern in their boat and started rowing towards open sea. Mare was following the light further and further away. Ivan waited three nights for her arrival. On the third night, the sea threw Mare's body on the rocks. As a result, Ivan remained in the monastery for the rest of his life.^[8]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c Jasprica, Kovačić & Ruščić 2006, p. 28.
^ Sveti Andrija Lighthouse Archived 2016-10-30 at the Wayback Machine Plovput
^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Croatia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
^ (in Croatian) Sveti Andrija on morsko-prase.hr Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
^ Duplančić Leder, Tea; Ujević, Tin; Čala, Mendi (June 2004). "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000" (PDF). Geoadria. 9 (1). Zadar: 5–32. doi:10.15291/geoadria.127. Retrieved 2019-12-26.
^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Croatia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
^ "Sveti Andrija". Lighthouses. Plovput. Archived from the original on 2016-10-30. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
^ Document Archived in Dubrovnik-1483

Sources[edit]

Jasprica, Nenad; Kovačić, Sanja; Ruščić, Mirko (June 2006). "Flora and vegetation of Sveti Andrija island, southern Croatia" (PDF). Natura Croatica. 15 (1–2): 27–42. Retrieved 5 July 2018.

[FOOTNOTEJaspricaKovačićRuščić200628-1] Jasprica, Kovačić & Ruščić 2006, p. 28.

[2] Sveti Andrija Lighthouse Archived 2016-10-30 at the Wayback Machine Plovput

[3] Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Croatia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved January 15, 2016.

[4] (in Croatian) Sveti Andrija on morsko-prase.hr Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine

[Duplancic-Cala-Ujevic-5] Duplančić Leder, Tea; Ujević, Tin; Čala, Mendi (June 2004). "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000" (PDF). Geoadria. 9 (1). Zadar: 5–32. doi:10.15291/geoadria.127. Retrieved 2019-12-26.

[south-6] Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Croatia". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 26 February 2015.

[plov2-7] "Sveti Andrija". Lighthouses. Plovput. Archived from the original on 2016-10-30. Retrieved 26 February 2015.

[8] Document Archived in Dubrovnik-1483

[1]

[3]

[2]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Infobox Islands
 | name             = Sveti Andrija
-| image name       = File:Croatia-02091 - Sveti Andrija Lighthouse.jpg
+| image_name       = File:Croatia-02091 - Sveti Andrija Lighthouse.jpg
+| native_name_link = Croatian language
-| image caption    =
-| image size       =
+| location         = [[Adriatic Sea]]
-| locator map      =
-| native name      =
-| native name link = Croatian language
-| nickname         =
-| location         = [[Adriatic sea]]
 | coordinates      = {{coord|42|38|45|N|17|57|5|E |region:HR_type:isle |display=title,inline}}
+| image_map = {{infobox mapframe | zoom = 10 | stroke-width = 1 | marker = lighthouse }}
+| map = Croatia
 | archipelago      = [[Elaphiti Islands]]
-| total islands    =
+| area_km2         = 0.053
-| major islands    =
+| length_m         = 475
+| length_footnotes = {{sfn|Jasprica|Kovačić|Ruščić|2006|p=28}}
-| area_km2         =  0.053
-| highest mount    = 57
+| width_m          = 130
+| width_footnotes  = {{sfn|Jasprica|Kovačić|Ruščić|2006|p=28}}
-| elevation_m      =
+| elevation_m      = 57
+| elevation_footnotes = {{sfn|Jasprica|Kovačić|Ruščić|2006|p=28}}
 | country          = Croatia
-| country admin divisions title     = [[Counties of Croatia|County]]
+| country_admin_divisions_title     = [[Counties of Croatia|County]]
-| country admin divisions           = [[Dubrovnik-Neretva County|Dubrovnik-Neretva]]
+| country_admin_divisions           = [[Dubrovnik-Neretva County|Dubrovnik-Neretva]]
+| module = {{Infobox lighthouse | embed=yes | qid = Q28375965
-| country largest city              =
+| suppressfields = image
-| population       =
+| location = Sveti Andrija Island, Croatia
-| population as of =
+| coordinates = {{coord|42.646525|N|17.951387|E|display=inline}}
-| density_km2 =
+| yearbuilt = 1873
-| ethnic groups    =
+| construction = stone tower
-| additional info  =
+| shape = cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern rising from a 2-story keeper’s house<ref>{{cite rowlett|hrv3|accessdate=January 15, 2016}}</ref>
-}}
+| marking = unpainted white stone tower, white lantern
+| height = {{convert|17|m|ft}}
+| focalheight = {{convert|69|m|ft}}
+| range = main: {{convert|24|nmi}}<br/>reserve: {{convert|12|nmi}}<ref>[http://www.plovput.hr/en/Aids-to-Navigation/Lighthouses/Lighthouse/a/View/id/11 Sveti Andrija Lighthouse] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030000839/http://www.plovput.hr/en/Aids-to-Navigation/Lighthouses/Lighthouse/a/View/id/11 |date=2016-10-30 }} Plovput</ref>
+| characteristic = Fl W 15s.
+}}}}
-'''Sveti Andrija''' ([[Croatian language|Croatian]] for [[Saint Andrew]]) is an [[island]] in the [[Croatia]]n part of the [[Adriatic Sea]]. It is part of [[Elaphiti Islands]] archipelago, [[Dalmatia]] and is situated {{convert|6|nmi|km}} from [[Dubrovnik]], {{convert|3|nmi|km|0}} from [[Koločep]], {{convert|2|nmi|km|0}} from [[Lopud]] and {{convert|4|nmi|km|0}} from [[Šipan]].<ref>{{hr icon}} [http://www.morsko-prase.hr/2006/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1443&Itemid=32 Sveti Andrija on morsko-prase.hr]</ref> The island is {{convert|475|m|abbr=off}} long, and its maximal width is {{convert|1300|m|abbr=off}}, length of shore is {{convert|1130|m|abbr=on}}. Total area of the island is {{convert|53757|m2|abbr=off}}, and height is {{convert|57|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Duplancic-Cala-Ujevic">{{cite paper | url=http://www.academa.si/zff/Duplancic_Cala_Ujevic_9_1-1.pdf| title=Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000 | journal=Geoadria | location=[[Zadar]]| volume=9| issue=1| pages=5–32|date=June 2004| last1=Duplančić Leder | first1=Tea| last2=Ujević| first2=Tin| last3=Čala | first3=Mendi| format=PDF| accessdate=2011-01-21}}</ref>
+'''Sveti Andrija''' ([[Croatian language|Croatian]] for "[[List of saints named Andrew|Saint Andrew]]") is an [[island]] in the [[Croatia]]n part of the [[Adriatic Sea]]. It is part of the [[Elaphiti Islands]] archipelago, [[Dalmatia]] and is situated {{convert|6|nmi|km}} from [[Dubrovnik]], {{convert|3|nmi|km|0}} from [[Koločep]], {{convert|2|nmi|km|0}} from [[Lopud]] and {{convert|4|nmi|km|0}} from [[Šipan]].<ref>{{in lang|hr}} [http://www.morsko-prase.hr/2006/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1443&Itemid=32 Sveti Andrija on morsko-prase.hr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720200518/http://www.morsko-prase.hr/2006/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1443&Itemid=32 |date=2011-07-20 }}</ref> The island is {{convert|475|m|abbr=off}} long, and its maximal width is {{convert|130|m|abbr=off}}, while its coastline is {{convert|1130|m|abbr=on}} long. The total area of the island is {{convert|53757|m2|abbr=off}}, with a maximum height elevation of {{convert|57|m|abbr=on}} above sea level.<ref name="Duplancic-Cala-Ujevic">
+{{cite journal
+| url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/9636
+| title=Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000
+| journal=Geoadria
+| location=[[Zadar]]
+| volume=9
+| issue=1
+| pages=5–32
+| date=June 2004
+| last1=Duplančić Leder
+| first1=Tea
+| last2=Ujević
+| first2=Tin
+| last3=Čala
+| first3=Mendi
+| doi=10.15291/geoadria.127
+| format=PDF
+| access-date=2019-12-26
+| doi-access=free
+}}</ref>
-The shores of the island are rocky and inhospitable. The western part of the island is covered with pine forest and various [[Mediterranean]] growth. Vegetation on the rest of the island is low lying, mainly bushes. Due to numerous amount of [[bird]]s, the island was declared an ornithological reserve.
+The shores of the island are rocky and inhospitable. The western part of the island is covered with pine forest and various [[Mediterranean]] growth. Vegetation on the rest of the island is low lying, consisting mainly of bushes. Owing to the numerous [[bird]]s present, the island was declared an ornithological reserve.
 ==History==
+The [[House of Crijević|patrician family Crijević]] of Ragusa built the [[Benedictine]] [[monastery]] on the island in the 15th century. The remote and isolated monastery was used for various purposes throughout its existence. At one point, it was used to quarantine the inhabitants of the island of [[Lopud]]. The monastery was destroyed during the [[1667 Dubrovnik earthquake]].
-The [[House of Crijević|patrician family Crijević]] from Dubrovnik built [[Benedictine]] [[monastery]] on the island in the 15th century. The monastery was remote and isolated and during time it was used for various purposes. For some time, it was used as quarantine for inhabitants of island of [[Lopud]]. The monastery was destroyed during an earthquake in 1667.
 ==Lighthouse==
-During 1873 a [[lighthouse]] was built on the island, financed by the [[Austro-Hungarian]] government. A two-storey house was built, with a masonry tower in the centre. The building has area of {{convert|210|m2|abbr=off}}, and a lantern room with a gallery is fitted at the top of the {{convert|17|m}} tower. The optic is a clamshell [[Fresnel]] lens. At a height of {{convert|69|m|abbr=off}} [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]], the light is visible from a distance of {{convert|24|nmi|abbr=off|lk=in}}, making it one of strongest lights in [[Adriatic Sea]].<ref name=south>{{cite rowlett|hrv3| accessdate= 26 February 2015}}</ref><ref name=plov2>{{cite web| url= http://www.plovput.hr/en/Aids-to-Navigation/Lighthouses/Lighthouse/a/View/id/11  |work= Lighthouses  | title=  Sveti Andrija   |publisher=Plovput     | accessdate= 26 February  2015}}</ref>
+In 1873 a [[lighthouse]] was built on the island, financed by the [[Austro-Hungarian]] government. A two-storey house was built, with a masonry tower in the centre. The building has an area of {{convert|210|m2|abbr=off}}, and a lantern room with a gallery fitted at the top of the {{convert|17|m}} tower. The optic is a clamshell [[Fresnel]] lens. At a height of {{convert|69|m|abbr=off}} [[Above mean sea level|above sea level]], the light is visible from a distance of {{convert|24|nmi|abbr=off|lk=in}}, making it one of the strongest lights in the [[Adriatic Sea]].<ref name=south>{{cite rowlett|hrv3| accessdate= 26 February 2015}}</ref><ref name=plov2>{{cite web  | url= http://www.plovput.hr/en/Aids-to-Navigation/Lighthouses/Lighthouse/a/View/id/11  | work= Lighthouses  | title= Sveti Andrija  | publisher= Plovput  | access-date= 26 February 2015  | url-status= dead  | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161030000839/http://www.plovput.hr/en/Aids-to-Navigation/Lighthouses/Lighthouse/a/View/id/11  | archive-date= 2016-10-30  }}</ref>
 == Famous people on Sveti Andrija ==
+[[Ludovik Crijević Tuberon]], a historian from [[Dubrovnik|Ragusa]] (now known as Dubrovnik), lived here towards the end of 15th century.
-In the 16th century, [[Mavro Vetranović]] Čavčić, a famous poet from [[Dubrovnik]] lived on the island as a monk. About this time on the island he wrote in his poem "Remeta".
+In the 16th century, [[Mavro Vetranović]] Čavčić, a famous poet from Ragusa, lived on Sveti Andrija as a monk. His poem "Remeta" details the time he spent on the island.
-[[Ludovik Crijević Tuberon]], a historian from Dubrovnik lived there at the end of 15th century.
 == Legend connected with Sveti Andrija ==
+A young girl, Mare, lived with her three brothers on the island of [[Lopud]]. Her friend Cvijeta had a brother Niko who was very fond of Mare. The brothers were fishing one night and from the stormy sea they rescued a shipwreck victim, the young [[Patrician (post-Roman Europe)|patrician]] Ivan, a member of an influential noble family from Ragusa. After Mare nursed him back to health they fell in love, but their romance was forbidden, as they came from different classes. Ivan tried his best to obtain his father's blessing, but to no avail. Disappointed, he withdrew from ordinary life and became a monk on the island of Sveti Andrija. Mare learned of this and went to the island to meet her beloved. She repeated her visits more and more often, sometimes swimming from Lopud. By the end of the summer, Sveti Andrija was not clearly visible from Lopud any more. To solve the problem of declining visibility, Ivan would light a [[lantern]] on the rock and wait for Mare while she swam towards the signal.
+Niko and his brothers found out and decided to get revenge. One evening, as Mare was preparing to swim towards Sveti Andrija, Niko and his brothers were following her. When night came they lit a lantern in their boat and started rowing towards open sea. Mare was following the light further and further away. Ivan waited three nights for her arrival. On the third night, the sea threw Mare's body on the rocks. As a result, Ivan remained in the [[monastery]] for the rest of his life.<ref>Document Archived in [[Dubrovnik]]-1483</ref>
-A young girl, Mare, lived with three brothers on island of Lopud. Her friend Cvijeta had a brother Niko who was very interested in Mare. The brothers were fishing one night and from the stormy sea they rescued a shipwreck victim, the young [[Patrician (post-Roman Europe)|patrician]] ''"Ivan"''. He was from an influential noble family from Dubrovnik. He was sick and Mare nursed him. They fell in love, but their love was forbidden because they came from different classes. Ivan tried his best to obtain permission from his father but without any success. Disappointed, he quit ordinarry life and become  a monk on the island of Sveti Andrija. Mare learned about that and went to island to see her beloved. She repeated her visits more and more often, sometimes swimming from [[Lopud]]. At the end of the summer days Sveti Andrija was not clearly visible from Lopud any more. To solve this situation of declining visibility, Ivan had the duty to light a [[lantern]] on the rock and wait for Mare, while she swam towards the signal.
-Niko and her brothers found out and together they decided to get revenge. One evening Mare was swimming towards Sv. Andrija and Niko and her brothers were following her. When night came they lit a lantern in their boat and started rowing towards open sea. Mare was following the light further and further away. Ivan was waiting that night and then the next night and then the next. The third night the sea threw her body on the rocks. After that Ivan remained all his life in the [[monastery]].<ref>Document Archived in [[Dubrovnik]]-1483</ref>
 == See also ==
+{{stack|{{Portal|Croatia}}}}
 *[[List of lighthouses in Croatia]]
 ==References==
+{{Commons category|Sveti Andrija (Elaphiti)}}
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
+==Sources==
+* {{cite journal|url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/5161|title=Flora and vegetation of Sveti Andrija island, southern Croatia|last1=Jasprica|first1=Nenad|last2=Kovačić|first2=Sanja|last3=Ruščić|first3=Mirko|journal=Natura Croatica|volume=15|issue=1–2|date=June 2006|pages=27–42|format=PDF|access-date=5 July 2018}}
 {{Elaphiti Islands}}
 {{Inhabited Islands of Croatia}}
+{{Authority control | additional=Q28375965}}
 [[Category:Islets of Croatia]]
 [[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1873]]
-[[Category:Towers completed in 1873]]
 [[Category:Lighthouses in Croatia]]
 [[Category:Islands of the Adriatic Sea]]