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| parent = Varanus (Empagusia)
| parent = Varanus (Empagusia)
| species = rudicollis
| species = rudicollis
| authority = ([[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1845)<ref name="first">{{citeweb|url=http://www.monitor-lizards.net/species/empagusia/rudicollis.html|title=Monitor-lizards.net}}</ref>
| authority = ([[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1845)<ref name="first">{{citeweb|url=http://www.monitor-lizards.net/species/empagusia/rudicollis.html|title=Monitor-lizards.net|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519024256/http://www.monitor-lizards.net/species/empagusia/rudicollis.html|archivedate=2010-05-19|df=}}</ref>
}}
}}
The '''black roughneck monitor lizard''', ''Varanus rudicollis'', is a species of [[monitor lizard]] found in [[Southeast Asia]]n countries of [[Thailand]], [[Burma]], and [[Malaysia]]. It is also found in [[Indonesia]] on [[Sumatra]] and [[island]]s of the [[Riau Archipelago]]<ref name="second">{{citeweb|url=http://www.indonesiatraveling.com/National%20Parks%20Indonesia/reptiles_indo/pages/varanus-rudicollis.htm|title=Indonesiatraveling.com}}</ref> It is sometimes known simply as the '''roughneck monitor lizard'''.<ref>[http://jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Varanus&species=rudicollis JCVI.org]</ref> In Thailand is called ''h̄èā cĥāng'' ({{lang-th|เห่าช้าง}}; "elephant bark").<ref>{{cite news|title=อ.เจษฎา เร่งแจง เห่าช้าง เป็นสัตว์กลุ่มตะกวด ไม่ใช่งู-ไม่มีพิษ|url=http://hilight.kapook.com/view/121803|date=12 June 2015|accessdate=16 June 2016|work=Kapook.com|language=Thai}}</ref>
The '''black roughneck monitor lizard''', ''Varanus rudicollis'', is a species of [[monitor lizard]] found in [[Southeast Asia]]n countries of [[Thailand]], [[Burma]], and [[Malaysia]]. It is also found in [[Indonesia]] on [[Sumatra]] and [[island]]s of the [[Riau Archipelago]]<ref name="second">{{citeweb|url=http://www.indonesiatraveling.com/National%20Parks%20Indonesia/reptiles_indo/pages/varanus-rudicollis.htm|title=Indonesiatraveling.com}}</ref> It is sometimes known simply as the '''roughneck monitor lizard'''.<ref>[http://jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Varanus&species=rudicollis JCVI.org]</ref> In Thailand is called ''h̄èā cĥāng'' ({{lang-th|เห่าช้าง}}; "elephant bark").<ref>{{cite news|title=อ.เจษฎา เร่งแจง เห่าช้าง เป็นสัตว์กลุ่มตะกวด ไม่ใช่งู-ไม่มีพิษ|url=http://hilight.kapook.com/view/121803|date=12 June 2015|accessdate=16 June 2016|work=Kapook.com|language=Thai}}</ref>


The [[habitat]] of ''Varanus rudicollis'' is limited to primary and secondary [[rainforest]] and [[mangrove]] [[swamp]]s.<ref>[http://www.mampam.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=58&Itemid=84 Mampam.com]</ref> In the wild the black roughneck monitor is very rarely seen, but whether this is because of its rarity or its very secretive behavior is uncertain.<ref name="first" /> They are often kept successfully in [[Captivity (animal)|captivity]], but have a shy disposition.<ref name="first" /><ref name="third">{{citeweb|url=http://www.herpcenter.com/roughneck-monitor-caresheet.html|title=Herpcenter.com}}</ref>
The [[habitat]] of ''Varanus rudicollis'' is limited to primary and secondary [[rainforest]] and [[mangrove]] [[swamp]]s.<ref>[http://www.mampam.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=58&Itemid=84 Mampam.com]</ref> In the wild the black roughneck monitor is very rarely seen, but whether this is because of its rarity or its very secretive behavior is uncertain.<ref name="first" /> They are often kept successfully in [[Captivity (animal)|captivity]], but have a shy disposition.<ref name="first" /><ref name="third">{{citeweb|url=http://www.herpcenter.com/roughneck-monitor-caresheet.html|title=Herpcenter.com|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031114945/http://www.herpcenter.com/roughneck-monitor-caresheet.html|archivedate=2009-10-31|df=}}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==

Revision as of 00:30, 26 April 2018

Black roughneck monitor lizard
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Varanidae
Genus: Varanus
Subgenus: Empagusia
Species:
V. rudicollis
Binomial name
Varanus rudicollis
(Gray, 1845)[1]

The black roughneck monitor lizard, Varanus rudicollis, is a species of monitor lizard found in Southeast Asian countries of Thailand, Burma, and Malaysia. It is also found in Indonesia on Sumatra and islands of the Riau Archipelago[2] It is sometimes known simply as the roughneck monitor lizard.[3] In Thailand is called h̄èā cĥāng (Thai: เห่าช้าง; "elephant bark").[4]

The habitat of Varanus rudicollis is limited to primary and secondary rainforest and mangrove swamps.[5] In the wild the black roughneck monitor is very rarely seen, but whether this is because of its rarity or its very secretive behavior is uncertain.[1] They are often kept successfully in captivity, but have a shy disposition.[1][6]

Description

The roughneck is a medium to large monitor. It usually reaches an average adult size of 3–4 ft. (90–120 cm), with a maximum length of 5 feet (150 cm), reported.[6] The rough-necked monitor can be easily recognised by large pointed scales adorning the necks of adults.

Roughneck Monitors are a favorite among reptile keepers because of their docile nature. They are best known for their tendency to go dormant and pretend you don't exist.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Monitor-lizards.net". Archived from the original on 2010-05-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b "Indonesiatraveling.com".
  3. ^ JCVI.org
  4. ^ "อ.เจษฎา เร่งแจง เห่าช้าง เป็นสัตว์กลุ่มตะกวด ไม่ใช่งู-ไม่มีพิษ". Kapook.com (in Thai). 12 June 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  5. ^ Mampam.com
  6. ^ a b "Herpcenter.com". Archived from the original on 2009-10-31. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  • (1992). Reproductive notes on the black roughneck monitor lizard (Varanus rudicollis Gray, 1845). VaraNews 3(2): 3.

Further reading

  • Photos at Redtailboa.net
  • Photos at Museumstuff.com
  • Amer, Sayed A. M. and Yoshinori Kumazawa 2008. Timing of a mtDNA gene rearrangement and intercontinental dispersal of varanid lizards. Genes Genet. Syst. 83: 275–280
  • Auliya, M. (2006). Taxonomy, Life History, and conservation of giant reptiles in west Kalimantan. Natur und Tier Verlag, Münster, 432 pp.
  • Ávalos, J. de & Martínez Carrión, P. (1997). Warane Reptilia (Münster) 2 (5): 16-21
  • Barbour, Thomas (1932). A new Bornean monitor Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club 13: 1-2
  • Bayless, Mark K. 1997. The rough-neck Monitor lizard (Varanus rudicollis) Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 32 (12): 250-252
  • Bennett, Daniel 1993. A review of some literature concerning the rough-necked monitor lizard Varanus rudicollis Reptilian 1 (9): 7-10
  • Bennett, Daniel; Liat, Lim Boo 1995. A note on the distribution of Varanus dumerilii and V. rudicollis in Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 49(2):113-116.
  • Bong Heang, Kiew 1987. An annotated checklist of the herpetofauna of Ulu Endau, Johore, Malaysia Malayan Nature J. 41(2-3): 413-423.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp.
  • De Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp.
  • Gaulke, Maren 1991. Systematic relationships of the Philippine water monitors as compared with Varanus s. salvator, with a discussion of dispersal routes Mertensiella 2: 154-167
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp.
  • Horn,H.G. & Peters,G. 1982. Beiträge zur Biologie des Rauhnackenwarans, Varanus (Dendrovaranus) rudicollis Gray. Salamandra 18 (1/2): 29-40
  • MANGILI (1962). Giard. zool. Roma, 4: 30
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. (1997). Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp.
  • Taylor, E.H. 1963. The lizards of Thailand. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 44: 687-1077.
  • Werner, F. 1900. Reptilien und Batrachier aus Sumatra, gesammelt Herrn. Gustav Schneider jr., im Jahre 1897-1898. Zool.Jahrb. (syst) 13:479-508
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