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{{short description|Noble family of Poland}}
{{short description|Noble family of Poland}}
{{no footnotes|date=March 2021}}
{{more footnotes|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox noble house
{{Infobox noble house
|surname = Potocki
|surname = Potocki
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|final ruler =
|final ruler =
|current head =
|current head =
|founding year = Officially in 15th century
|founding year = 15th century (officially)
|deposition=
|deposition=
|estates = Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Croatia, Belarus
|cadet branches =
|cadet branches =
}}
}}
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[[Image:JanMatejko.AlfredPotocki.ws.jpg|thumb|150px|right|[[Alfred Józef Potocki|Alfred Potocki]]]]
[[Image:JanMatejko.AlfredPotocki.ws.jpg|thumb|150px|right|[[Alfred Józef Potocki|Alfred Potocki]]]]
[[Image:Jan Potocki.PNG|thumb|150px|right|[[Jan Potocki]]]]
[[Image:Jan Potocki.PNG|thumb|150px|right|[[Jan Potocki]]]]
The '''Potocki family''' ({{IPA-pl|pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi}}, plural Potoccy, Potocki, Potocka, Patoka) was a prominent [[szlachta|Polish noble family]] in the [[Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)|Kingdom of Poland]] and [[magnates]] of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and most powerful aristocratic families in Poland.
The '''House of Potocki''' ({{IPA-pl|pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi}}; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent [[szlachta|Polish noble family]] in the [[Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)|Kingdom of Poland]] and [[magnates]] of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and most powerful aristocratic families in Poland.


==History==
==History==
The Potocki family originated from the small village of [[Potok Wielki, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship|Potok Wielki]]; their family name derives from that place name. The family contributed to the cultural development and history of Poland's [[Eastern Borderlands]] (today Western Ukraine). The family is renowned for numerous Polish statesmen, military leaders, and cultural activists.
The Potocki family originated from the small village of [[Potok Wielki, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship|Potok Wielki]]; their family name derives from that place name. The family contributed to the cultural development and history of Poland's [[Eastern Borderlands]] (today Western Ukraine). The family is renowned for numerous Polish statesmen, military leaders, and cultural activists.


The first known Potocki was Żyrosław z Potoka (born about 1136). The children of his son Aleksander (~1167) [[castelan]] of [[Sandomierz]], were progenitors of new noble families such as the Moskorzewskis, Stanisławskis, Tworowskis, Borowskis, and Stosłowskis. [[Jakub Potocki]] (c. 1481-1551) was the progenitor of the [[magnate]] line of the Potocki family.
The first known Potocki was Żyrosław z Potoka (born about 1136). The children of his son Aleksander (~1167) [[castelan]] of [[Sandomierz]], were progenitors of new noble families such as the Moskorzewski, Stanisławski, Tworowski, Borowski, and Stosłowski.
[[Jakub Potocki]] (c. 1481–1551) was the protoplast of the [[magnate]] line of the Potocki family. The magnate line split into three primary lineages, called:
* Hetman Line or Silver Pilawa, many members of which held the position of [[Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Hetman]], the protoplast was [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]]. The line divided into a number of branches, including Łańcut, Krzeszów, Tulczyn and Wilanów branches.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ciara |first=Stefan |title=Potoccy - zarys dziejów rodu |url=https://www.wilanow-palac.pl/zarys_dziejow_rodu_potockich.html |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.wilanow-palac.pl}}</ref>
* Primate Line or Golden Pilawa, named after the most prominent member [[Teodor Andrzej Potocki]], [[Primate of Poland]].<ref name=":0" />
The magnate line split into three primary lineages, called:
* Iron Pilawa line{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}
* "Linia hetmańska" ("Srebrna Pilawa"), in English: "[[Hetman]]'s lineage" ("Silver Pilawa"). Note some sources refer to Pilawa as Piława.
* "Linia Prymasowa" ("Złota Pilawa"), in English: "[[Primate (bishop)|Primate]]'s lineage" ("Golden Pilawa")
* "Żelazna Pilawa", considered the oldest ones, in English: "Iron Pilawa"


The "Złota Pilawa" line received the title of [[count]] from the Emperor of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] in 1606. The entire family began using the Count title after the [[partitions of Poland]]. The title was recognized 1777 and 1784 in the [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] and 1838, 1843, 1859, 1890 1903 in [[Imperial Russia|Russia]] and 1889 by the Pope and in the Kingdom of Poland ([[Congress Poland]]). <!--this needs details, although, did they get a new count title or was it confirmed after partitions?-->
The "Złota Pilawa" line received the title of [[count]] from the Emperor of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] in 1606. The entire family began using the Count title after the [[partitions of Poland]]. The title was recognized 1777 and 1784 in the [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] and 1838, 1843, 1859, 1890 1903 in [[Imperial Russia|Russia]] and 1889 by the Pope and in the Kingdom of Poland ([[Congress Poland]]). <!--this needs details, although, did they get a new count title or was it confirmed after partitions?-->
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* [[Alfred Józef Potocki]] (1817–1889), [[Sejm Marshal]], [[Minister-President of Austria]]
* [[Alfred Józef Potocki]] (1817–1889), [[Sejm Marshal]], [[Minister-President of Austria]]
* [[Alfred Wojciech Potocki]] (1785–1862), landowner, politician
* [[Alfred Wojciech Potocki]] (1785–1862), landowner, politician
* [[Andrzej Potocki]] (?-1692), [[Field Crown Hetman]]
* [[Andrzej Potocki]] (1630–1692), [[Field Crown Hetman]]
* [[Andrzej Potocki (1618–1663)|Andrzej Potocki]] (1618–1663), [[Obozny]] and [[voivode]]
* [[Andrzej Potocki (1618–1663)|Andrzej Potocki]] (1618–1663), [[Obozny]] and [[voivode]]
⚫
* [[Teodor Potocki]] (1664–1738), Primate of Poland and [[Interrex (Poland)|interrex]] in 1733
* [[Antoni Protazy Potocki]] (1761–1801), banker and voivode
* [[Antoni Protazy Potocki]] (1761–1801), banker and voivode
* [[Artur Potocki (1787–1832)|Artur Potocki]] (1787–1832), landowner, officer
* [[Artur Potocki (1787–1832)|Artur Potocki]] (1787–1832), landowner, officer
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* [[Feliks Kazimierz Potocki]] (1630–1702), Field and Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Feliks Kazimierz Potocki]] (1630–1702), Field and Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Franciszek Salezy Potocki]] (1700–1772), [[Krajczy]], [[Field Clerk of the Crown]]
* [[Franciszek Salezy Potocki]] (1700–1772), [[Krajczy]], [[Field Clerk of the Crown]]
* [[Ignacy Potocki]] (1750–1809), politician, writer and office holder.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Potocki, Ignaty | volume= 22 |last= Bain |first= Robert Nisbet |author-link= Robert Nisbet Bain| page = 208 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Jan Potocki]] (1761–1815), writer (''[[The Manuscript Found in Saragossa]]'')
* [[Jan Potocki]] (1761–1815), writer (''[[The Manuscript Found in Saragossa]]'')
* [[Jerzy Józef Potocki]] (1889–1961), diplomat, officer
* [[Jerzy Józef Potocki]] (1889–1961), diplomat, officer
* [[Józef Potocki]] (1673–1751), Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Józef Potocki]] (1673–1751), Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Józef Potocki (XVII-1723)|Józef Potocki]] (?-1723), [[Great Guard of the Crown]]
* [[Józef Potocki (XVII-1723)|Józef Potocki]] (?-1723), [[Great Guard of the Crown]]
* [[Józef Mikołaj Kazimierz Marian Alfred Jakub Potocki]] (1862–1922)
* [[Katarzyna Potocka]] (?-1642), was married to [[Janusz Radziwill (1612–1655)|Janusz Radziwiłł]]
* [[Katarzyna Potocka]] (?–1642), was married to [[Janusz Radziwill (1612–1655)|Janusz Radziwiłł]]
* [[Konstancja Potocka]] (1781–1852), was married to Jan Potocki and [[Edward Raczynski (1786–1845)|Edward Raczyński]]
* [[Konstancja Potocka]] (1781–1852), was married to Jan Potocki and [[Edward Raczynski (1786–1845)|Edward Raczyński]]
* [[Mikołaj Potocki]] (1595–1651), Field and Great Crown Hetman
* [[Mikołaj Potocki]] (1595–1651), Field and Great Crown Hetman
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* [[Roman Ignacy Potocki]] (1750–1809), co-author of the [[Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791]]
* [[Roman Ignacy Potocki]] (1750–1809), co-author of the [[Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791]]
* [[Roman Potocki]] (1852–1915), landowner
* [[Roman Potocki]] (1852–1915), landowner
* [[Seweryn Potocki]] (1762–1829), curator of [[Kharkov]] educational district in [[Russian Empire]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Petronis|first1=Vytautas|title=Constructing Lithuania: Ethnic Mapping in Tsarist Russia, ca. 1800-1914|date=2007|publisher=Stockholm University Press|page=95}}</ref>
* Seweryn Potocki (1762–1829), curator of [[Kharkov]] educational district in [[Russian Empire]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Petronis|first1=Vytautas|title=Constructing Lithuania: Ethnic Mapping in Tsarist Russia, ca. 1800-1914|date=2007|publisher=Stockholm University Press|page=95}}</ref>
* [[Stanisław Kostka Potocki]] (1755–1821), writer, publicist, collector and patron of art
* [[Stanisław Kostka Potocki]] (1755–1821), writer, publicist, collector and patron of art
* [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]] (1579–1667), Field and Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]] (1579–1667), Field and Great Hetman of the Crown
* [[Stanisław Potocki (1659-1683)|Stanisław Potocki]] (1659–1683), [[starost]] of [[Halicz]] and [[Kolomyia|Kołomyja]], [[rotmistrz]] and [[pułkownik]] of cavalry
* [[Stanisław Potocki (1659-1683)|Stanisław Potocki]] (1659–1683), [[starost]] of [[Halicz]] and [[Kolomyia|Kołomyja]], [[rotmistrz]] and [[pułkownik]] of cavalry
* [[Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki]] (1753–1805), Marshal of the [[Targowica Confederation]]
* [[Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki]] (1753–1805), Marshal of the [[Targowica Confederation]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Potocki, Stanislaw Felix | volume= 22 |last= Bain |first= Robert Nisbet |author-link= Robert Nisbet Bain| pages = 208&ndash;209 |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Stefan Potocki, voivode of Bratslav|Stefan Potocki]], [[starosta]] of [[Viljandi|Fellin]]
* Stefan Potocki, voivode of Bratslav (1568-1631), [[starosta]] of [[Viljandi|Fellin]]
* [[Stefan Potocki (1624–1648)|Stefan Potocki]], [[starosta]] of [[Nizhyn]]
* [[Stefan Potocki (1624–1648)|Stefan Potocki]] (1624–1648), [[starosta]] of [[Nizhyn]]
* [[Stefan Aleksander Potocki]], the founder of the [[Order of Saint Basil the Great|Basilian]] [[Buchach basilian monastery]]
* [[Stefan Aleksander Potocki]] (? — 1726/1727), the founder of the [[Order of Saint Basil the Great|Basilian]] Buchach basilian monastery
⚫
* [[Teodor Potocki]] (1664–1738), Primate of Poland and [[Interrex (Poland)|interrex]] in 1733
* [[Wiktoria Elżbieta Potocka]] (died c. 1670), was married to [[Adam Hieronim Sieniawski (1623–1650)|Adam Hieronim Sieniawski]] and Andrzej Potocki
* [[Wiktoria Elżbieta Potocka]] (died c. 1670), was married to [[Adam Hieronim Sieniawski (1623–1650)|Adam Hieronim Sieniawski]] and Andrzej Potocki
* In the years following World War 2, Potocki family members migrated to Australia. This includes, Sean Potocki . Recipient of the [[National Medal]] for 15 years National Service . Also a recipient of the [[Commendation of Brave Conduct]] , [[National Police Service Medal]] , Pride of Australia Medal {Bravery} , [[New South Wales Police Service Medal]] 20 year clasp . Sean Potocki has received numerous commendations for service and bravery . Including being awarded [[Rotary]] 2006 Police Officer of the Year .


==Other relatives==
==Other relatives==
*Count [[Geoffrey Potocki de Montalk]] (1902–1997), an accomplished New Zealand poet, has been erroneously described as a "feigned member" of the Pilawa Potocki family. In fact, he is a direct descendant of the Bocki Potocki line, until recently believed to have died out with the death of Count Jozef Franciszek Jan Potocki, his great-grandfather, in Paris.{{cn|date=September 2020}}
*Count [[Geoffrey Potocki de Montalk]] (1902–1997), an accomplished New Zealand poet, has been erroneously described as a "feigned member" of the Pilawa Potocki family. In fact, he is a direct descendant of the Bocki Potocki line, until recently believed to have died out with the death of Count Jozef Franciszek Jan Potocki, his great-grandfather, in Paris.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}


==Purported members==
==Purported members==
* [[Avraham ben Avraham]], birth name Valentin Potocki. Purportedly converted to [[Judaism]], moved to [[Vilna]] to hide his identity but was executed for heresy on May 23, 1749 (the second day of the Jewish holiday of [[Shavuot]]). His remains are believed to be have been secretly buried next to the [[Vilna Gaon]], with a monument to that effect first erected in 1927. Though his existence is generally accepted among Orthodox Jews, many secular scholars contest his existence due to a lack of primary sources. He was first mentioned in writing by Rabbi [[Yaakov Emden]] in 1755, six years after he would have died.
* [[Avraham ben Avraham]], birth name Valentin Potocki. Purportedly converted to [[Judaism]], moved to [[Vilna]] to hide his identity but was executed for heresy on May 23, 1749 (the second day of the Jewish holiday of [[Shavuot]]). His remains are believed to have been secretly buried next to the [[Vilna Gaon]], with a monument to that effect first erected in 1927. Though his existence is generally accepted among Orthodox Jews, many secular scholars contest his existence due to a lack of primary sources. He was first mentioned in writing by Rabbi [[Yaakov Emden]] in 1755, six years after he would have died.
* Maria Patocka: said to be the mother of Crimean khan [[Adil Giray]].
* Maria Patocka: said to be the mother of Crimean khan [[Adil Giray]].


Latest revision as of 12:09, 6 June 2024

Potocki
CountryPoland
Founded15th century (officially)
FounderJakub Potocki (c. 1481-1551)
TitlesHetmans
Primates of Poland
Magnates
Nobles
Estate(s)Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Croatia, Belarus
Hetman Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki
Hetman Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki
Field Hetman Andrzej Potocki
Hetman Feliks Kazimierz Potocki
Stanisław Kostka Potocki
Alfred Potocki
Jan Potocki

The House of Potocki (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈtɔt͡skʲi]; plural: Potoccy, male: Potocki, feminine: Potocka) was a prominent Polish noble family in the Kingdom of Poland and magnates of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Potocki family is one of the wealthiest and most powerful aristocratic families in Poland.

History[edit]

The Potocki family originated from the small village of Potok Wielki; their family name derives from that place name. The family contributed to the cultural development and history of Poland's Eastern Borderlands (today Western Ukraine). The family is renowned for numerous Polish statesmen, military leaders, and cultural activists.

The first known Potocki was Żyrosław z Potoka (born about 1136). The children of his son Aleksander (~1167) castelan of Sandomierz, were progenitors of new noble families such as the Moskorzewski, Stanisławski, Tworowski, Borowski, and Stosłowski.

Jakub Potocki (c. 1481–1551) was the protoplast of the magnate line of the Potocki family. The magnate line split into three primary lineages, called:

The "Złota Pilawa" line received the title of count from the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 1606. The entire family began using the Count title after the partitions of Poland. The title was recognized 1777 and 1784 in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria and 1838, 1843, 1859, 1890 1903 in Russia and 1889 by the Pope and in the Kingdom of Poland (Congress Poland).

In 1631 Stefan Potocki, who started the "Złota Pilawa" lineage, died and was buried in Zolotyi Potik (pl. Złoty Potok, Golden Potok, a village owned by this lineage), his descendants started to use the Pilawa coat of arms in golden colour. Because of that the lineage is called the "Złota Pilawa" (Golden Piława).

There are also four branches called:

  • "Gałąź łańcucka" (Branch of Łańcut)
  • "Gałąź krzeszowicka" (Branch of Krzeszowice)
  • "Gałąź tulczyńska" (Branch of Tulczyn)
  • "Gałąź wilanowska" (branch of Wilanów)

Named after the hubs of their respective constellations of properties.

The family became prominent in the 16th and 17th centuries as a result of the patronage of Chancellor Jan Zamoyski and King Sigismund III Vasa.

Notable family members[edit]

Other relatives[edit]

  • Count Geoffrey Potocki de Montalk (1902–1997), an accomplished New Zealand poet, has been erroneously described as a "feigned member" of the Pilawa Potocki family. In fact, he is a direct descendant of the Bocki Potocki line, until recently believed to have died out with the death of Count Jozef Franciszek Jan Potocki, his great-grandfather, in Paris.[citation needed]

Purported members[edit]

  • Avraham ben Avraham, birth name Valentin Potocki. Purportedly converted to Judaism, moved to Vilna to hide his identity but was executed for heresy on May 23, 1749 (the second day of the Jewish holiday of Shavuot). His remains are believed to have been secretly buried next to the Vilna Gaon, with a monument to that effect first erected in 1927. Though his existence is generally accepted among Orthodox Jews, many secular scholars contest his existence due to a lack of primary sources. He was first mentioned in writing by Rabbi Yaakov Emden in 1755, six years after he would have died.
  • Maria Patocka: said to be the mother of Crimean khan Adil Giray.

Coat of arms and motto[edit]

The Potocki family used the Piława coat of arms, and their motto was Scutum opponebat scuto (Latin for "Shield opposing shield"; literally "He opposed shield to shield").

  • Silver Pilawa
    Silver Pilawa
  • Golden Pilawa
    Golden Pilawa
  • Arms of the Counts Potocki
    Arms of the Counts Potocki
  • Pilawa at the Potocki mausoleum at Wilanów Park
    Pilawa at the Potocki mausoleum at Wilanów Park
  • Pilawa at Leżajsk monastery
    Pilawa at Leżajsk monastery

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Potocka-Wąsowiczowa, Anna z Tyszkiewiczów. Wspomnienia naocznego świadka. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1965.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Ciara, Stefan. "Potoccy - zarys dziejów rodu". www.wilanow-palac.pl. Retrieved 2024-05-02.
  2. ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Potocki, Ignaty" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). p. 208.
  3. ^ Petronis, Vytautas (2007). Constructing Lithuania: Ethnic Mapping in Tsarist Russia, ca. 1800-1914. Stockholm University Press. p. 95.
  4. ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Potocki, Stanislaw Felix" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). pp. 208–209.

External links[edit]

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