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{{Short description|Genus of cacti}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
|status=LC
⚫
|name = ''Leocereus bahiensis''
|status_system=IUCN3.1
|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Machado, M. |date=2017 |title=''Leocereus bahiensis'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T151744A121506633 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T151744A121506633.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
|image = Leocereus_bahiensis_2.jpg
|image = Leocereus_bahiensis_2.jpg
|display_parents = 3
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
⚫
|genus = Leocereus
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
|parent_authority = [[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]<ref name=POWO_297455-2/>
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
⚫
|species = bahiensis
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|authority = Britton & Rose<ref name=POWO_137329-2/>
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|synonyms =
|familia = [[Cactaceae]]
Of ''Leocereus_bahiensis'':<ref name=POWO_137329-2/>
|subfamilia = [[Cactoideae]]
{{Species list
|tribus = [[Trichocereeae]]
|Cereus bahiensis|Britton & Rose
|genus = '''''Leocereus'''''
|Leocereus bahiensis subsp. barreirensis|(P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
⚫
|genus_authority = [[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]
|Leocereus bahiensis subsp. exiguospinus|(P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
⚫
|species = '''''L. bahiensis'''''
|binomial = ''Leocereus bahiensis''
|Leocereus bahiensis subsp. robustispinus|(P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
|Leocereus bahiensis subsp. urandianus|(F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves
|binomial_authority = [[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]
|Leocereus estevesii|P.J.Braun
|synonyms = ''Cereus bahiensis'' <small>[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]</small><br/>''Leocereus bahiensis ssp. barreirensis'' <small>([[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]) [[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]</small><br/>''Leocereus bahiensis ssp. exiguospinus'' <small>([[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]) [[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]</small><br/>''Leocereus bahiensis ssp. robustispinus'' <small>([[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]) [[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Braun|Braun]] & [[Eddie Esteves Pereira|Esteves]]</small><br/>''Leocereus bahiensis ssp. urandianus'' <small>[[F.Ritter]]</small><br/>''Leocereus estevesii'' <small>[[P.J.Braun]]</small><br/>''Leocereus urandianus'' <small>[[F.Ritter]]</small><br/>''Lophocereus bahiensis'' <small>[[Charles Russell Orcutt|Orcutt]]</small>
|Leocereus urandianus|F.Ritter
}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO_137329-2>{{Cite POWO|title=''Leocereus bahiensis'' Britton & Rose|id=137329-2|access-date=2023-09-30|mode=cs1}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''''Leocereus bahiensis''''' is a [[species]] of [[cactus]] and the only species of the [[genus]] '''''Leocereus'''''.
'''''Leocereus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[cactus]]. Its only species is '''''Leocereus bahiensis''''', first described by [[Nathaniel Lord Britton]] and [[Joseph Nelson Rose]] in 1926.<ref name=POWO_297455-2>{{Cite POWO|title=''Leocereus'' Britton & Rose|id=297455-2|access-date=2023-09-30|mode=cs1}}</ref>

⚫
==Distribution==
⚫
The cactus is [[endemic]] to [[Brazil]], within [[Bahia]] state. It is found growing in the [[campos rupestres]] (rocky fields) montane savanna ecoregion of the [[Atlantic Forest]] biome.

⚫
It grows in rocky shady places such as amongst shrubs, or near cliffs and rocks.


==Description==
==Description==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2023}}
''Leocereus bahiensis'' has stems that are long, thing and almost [[terete]]. A full adult plant can grow up to 2 meters in length and about 1.5&nbsp;cm in diameter.
''Leocereus bahiensis'' has stems that are long, thing and almost [[terete]]. A full adult plant can grow up to 2 meters in length and about 1.5&nbsp;cm in diameter.


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The [[areole]]s are close together and circular. The Leocereus bahiensis has fruit 10 to 12&nbsp;mm with seeds about 1.5&nbsp;mm long.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://publicationsonline.carnegiescience.edu/publications_online/cactaceae/Britton_Rose_Cactaceae_|title=Carnegie Science|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
The [[areole]]s are close together and circular. The Leocereus bahiensis has fruit 10 to 12&nbsp;mm with seeds about 1.5&nbsp;mm long.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://publicationsonline.carnegiescience.edu/publications_online/cactaceae/Britton_Rose_Cactaceae_|title=Carnegie Science|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


⚫
==Distribution==
⚫
;Conservation
⚫
The cactus is [[endemic]] to [[Brazil]].<ref name=POWO_137329-2/> It is found growing in the [[campos rupestres]] (rocky fields) montane savanna ecoregion of the [[Atlantic Forest]] biome.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}
⚫
''Leocereus bahiensis'' are being affected by habitat loss due to range being widespread. The eastern range of the plant generally ends up in an area that is not ideal for agricultural growth. The major threat to habitat loss that happens within numerous national parks (Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Parque Estadual de Morro Chapeu, Parque Nacional Boqueirão da Onça and Parque Nacional do Rio Parnaiba.) is due to industrialization. The industrial agriculture of soy, Eucalyptus and cotton in the western are of its range are most affected.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/151744/0|title=Leocereus bahiensis|website=www.iucnredlist.org|access-date=2016-04-27}}</ref>

⚫
It grows in rocky shady places such as amongst shrubs, or near cliffs and rocks.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}

⚫
==Conservation==
⚫
''Leocereus bahiensis'' is being affected by habitat loss, though it has a wide range. The eastern range of the plant is generally regarded as ending up in an area that is not ideal for agricultural growth. The major threat to habitat loss that happens within numerous national parks (Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Parque Estadual de Morro Chapeu, Parque Nacional Boqueirão da Onça and Parque Nacional do Rio Parnaiba) is due to industrialization. The western area of its range is most affected by industrial-scale agriculture of soy, ''Eucalyptus'' and cotton.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" />


==Uses==
==Uses==
This plant is one of the few cacti that contain caffeine and mescaline. Mescaline is a psychedelic drug that is produced by some cacti and also called [[peyote]]. ''Leocereus bahiensis'' was not confirmed part of the genus ''Leocereus'' until 2012<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Cactaceae/Leocereus/|title=Leocereus — The Plant List|website=www.theplantlist.org|access-date=2016-04-27}}</ref>
This plant is one of the few cacti that contain [[caffeine]] and [[mescaline]]. Mescaline is a psychedelic drug that is produced by some cacti.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}


==References==
==References==
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{{Commonscat|Leocereus}}
{{Commonscat|Leocereus}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q8179413}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q8179413|from2=Q136909}}


[[Category:Trichocereeae]]
[[Category:Cereeae]]
[[Category:Cacti of South America]]
[[Category:Cacti of South America]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Brazil]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Brazil]]
[[Category:Flora of Bahia]]
[[Category:Flora of Bahia]]
[[Category:Flora of Atlantic Forest (biome)]]
[[Category:Flora of the Atlantic Forest]]
[[Category:Cactoideae genera]]
[[Category:Cactoideae genera]]
[[Category:Monotypic Cactaceae genera]]
[[Category:Monotypic Cactaceae genera]]

Latest revision as of 14:39, 30 September 2023

Leocereus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cereeae
Subtribe: Cereinae
Genus: Leocereus
Britton & Rose[3]
Species:
L. bahiensis
Binomial name
Leocereus bahiensis
Britton & Rose[2]
Synonyms[2]

Of Leocereus_bahiensis:[2]

  • Cereus bahiensis Britton & Rose
  • Leocereus bahiensis subsp. barreirensis (P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
  • Leocereus bahiensis subsp. exiguospinus (P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
  • Leocereus bahiensis subsp. robustispinus (P.J.Braun & Esteves) P.J.Braun & Esteves
  • Leocereus bahiensis subsp. urandianus (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves
  • Leocereus estevesii P.J.Braun
  • Leocereus urandianus F.Ritter

Leocereus is a genus of cactus. Its only species is Leocereus bahiensis, first described by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose in 1926.[3]

Description[edit]

Leocereus bahiensis has stems that are long, thing and almost terete. A full adult plant can grow up to 2 meters in length and about 1.5 cm in diameter.

They tend to grow like vines, they do not have wool or hairs but the do have needle like spines (about 4 cm long, yellowish brown in color) and felt. In Bahia it is called the "tail of the fox" due to its long thing bristle like composition.

The flower is white and narrow and within it are hair bristle spines.

The areoles are close together and circular. The Leocereus bahiensis has fruit 10 to 12 mm with seeds about 1.5 mm long.[4]

Distribution[edit]

The cactus is endemic to Brazil.[2] It is found growing in the campos rupestres (rocky fields) montane savanna ecoregion of the Atlantic Forest biome.[citation needed]

It grows in rocky shady places such as amongst shrubs, or near cliffs and rocks.[citation needed]

Conservation[edit]

Leocereus bahiensis is being affected by habitat loss, though it has a wide range. The eastern range of the plant is generally regarded as ending up in an area that is not ideal for agricultural growth. The major threat to habitat loss that happens within numerous national parks (Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Parque Estadual de Morro Chapeu, Parque Nacional Boqueirão da Onça and Parque Nacional do Rio Parnaiba) is due to industrialization. The western area of its range is most affected by industrial-scale agriculture of soy, Eucalyptus and cotton.[1]

Uses[edit]

This plant is one of the few cacti that contain caffeine and mescaline. Mescaline is a psychedelic drug that is produced by some cacti.[citation needed]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Machado, M. (2017). "Leocereus bahiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T151744A121506633. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T151744A121506633.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d "Leocereus bahiensis Britton & Rose". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  3. ^ a b "Leocereus Britton & Rose". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  4. ^ "Carnegie Science".[permanent dead link]
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