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[[Image:Native Encampment by Skinner Prout, from Australia (1876, vol II).jpg|thumb|250px|A 19th-century engraving showing Aboriginal people and a humpy.]]
[[Image:Native Encampment by Skinner Prout, from Australia (1876, vol II).jpg|thumb|250px|A 19th-century engraving showing Aboriginal people and a humpy.]]


[[File:Aboriginal winter encampments in wurlies, near Adelaide, South Australia, Eugene von Guérard ca. 1858.jpg|thumb|Aboriginal winter encampments in wurlies, South Australia, ca. 1858]]
[[File:Aboriginal camp, ca.1858.jpg|thumb|Aboriginal camp, Victoria, ca. 1858.]]
A '''humpy''', also known as a '''gunyah''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allwords.com/word-gunyah.html|title=Definition of gunyah|website=www.allwords.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Memmott, Paul | title=Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley : the Aboriginal architecture of Australia | year=2007 | publication-date=2007 | publisher=University of Queensland Press | edition= 1st | isbn=978-0-7022-3245-9 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oneplanet.com.au/tents.html |title=Tents |publisher=One Planet |access-date=2012-12-06}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Cannot, Jack | author2=Prince, Victor | title=I'll build a gunyah for you : song | publication-date=1912 | publisher=Allan & Co. Pty. Ltd | url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/34768258 | access-date=7 January 2019 }}</ref> '''wurley''', '''wurly''' or '''wurlie''', is a small, temporary shelter, traditionally used by [[Aboriginal Australians|Australian Aboriginal people]]. These impermanent dwellings, made of branches and bark, are sometimes called a [[lean-to]], since they often rely on a standing tree for support.
A '''humpy''', also known as a '''gunyah''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allwords.com/word-gunyah.html|title=Definition of gunyah|website=www.allwords.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Memmott, Paul | title=Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley : the Aboriginal architecture of Australia | year=2007 | publication-date=2007 | publisher=University of Queensland Press | edition= 1st | isbn=978-0-7022-3245-9 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oneplanet.com.au/tents.html |title=Tents |publisher=One Planet |access-date=2012-12-06}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author1=Cannot, Jack | author2=Prince, Victor | title=I'll build a gunyah for you : song | publication-date=1912 | publisher=Allan & Co. Pty. Ltd | url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/34768258 | access-date=7 January 2019 }}</ref> '''wurley''', '''wurly''' or '''wurlie''', is a small, temporary shelter, traditionally used by [[Aboriginal Australians|Australian Aboriginal people]]. These impermanent dwellings, made of branches and bark, are sometimes called a [[lean-to]], since they often rely on a standing tree for support.


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The word humpy comes from the [[Turrubal language|Jagera]] language (a [[Murri people|Murri]] people from [[Coorparoo, Queensland|Coorparoo]] in [[Brisbane]]); other [[Australian Aboriginal languages|language groups]] would have different names for the structure. In [[South Australia]], such a shelter is known as a "wurley" (also spelled "wurlie"), possibly from the [[Kaurna language|Kaurna]] language.<ref>Peters, Pam, The Cambridge Australian English Style Guide, Cambridge University Press, 1996, p818</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23130901 |title=A Bark Humpy. How to Build it? |newspaper=[[The Queenslander]] |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 October 1930 |access-date=7 January 2019 |page=57 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article97703505 |title=Humpies and Gunyahs : Coloured Families on the Tweed |newspaper=[[The Sunday Mail (Brisbane)|Sunday Mail]] |issue=550 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 December 1933 |access-date=7 January 2019 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
The word humpy comes from the [[Turrubal language|Jagera]] language (a [[Murri people|Murri]] people from [[Coorparoo, Queensland|Coorparoo]] in [[Brisbane]]); other [[Australian Aboriginal languages|language groups]] would have different names for the structure. In [[South Australia]], such a shelter is known as a "wurley" (also spelled "wurlie"), possibly from the [[Kaurna language|Kaurna]] language.<ref>Peters, Pam, The Cambridge Australian English Style Guide, Cambridge University Press, 1996, p818</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23130901 |title=A Bark Humpy. How to Build it? |newspaper=[[The Queenslander]] |location=Queensland, Australia |date=30 October 1930 |access-date=7 January 2019 |page=57 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article97703505 |title=Humpies and Gunyahs : Coloured Families on the Tweed |newspaper=[[The Sunday Mail (Brisbane)|Sunday Mail]] |issue=550 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=10 December 1933 |access-date=7 January 2019 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><br />

<br />


==Usage==
==Usage==
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==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Aboriginal family group, Eugene Von Guerard, ca. 1859.jpg|Aboriginal family and their temporary bark ''gunya'' (shelter), ca. 1856.
⚫
File:StateLibQld 2 239273 Bark humpy on Cleveland Road, Brisbane, 1874.jpg|Bark humpy, Brisbane, 1874
⚫
File:StateLibQld 1 113072 Bushman with his dog and horse outside a humpy, Hughenden district^, 1910-1920.jpg|Bushman humpy, 1910s
File:Humpy, Gunyah, south west Queensland. part of scenes of far western Queensland, Fred McKay gulf patrol, 1937 - (John Flynn?) (19306853893).jpg|Humpy in far western Queensland, 1937
File:Humpy, Gunyah, south west Queensland. part of scenes of far western Queensland, Fred McKay gulf patrol, 1937 - (John Flynn?) (19306853893).jpg|Humpy in far western Queensland, 1937
File:Native Wurley.jpg|Native Wurley, 1886
File:Native Wurley.jpg|Native Wurley, 1886
⚫
File:StateLibQld 1 113072 Bushman with his dog and horse outside a humpy, Hughenden district^, 1910-1920.jpg|Bushman humpy, 1910s
⚫
File:StateLibQld 2 239273 Bark humpy on Cleveland Road, Brisbane, 1874.jpg|Bark humpy, Brisbane, 1874

</gallery>
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Wiltja]]
* [[Wiltja]]
* [[Hogan]]
* [[Wigwam]]
* [[Igloo]]
* [[Goahti]]

* [[Longhouse]]

* [[Tipi]]
* [[Yurt]]


==Notes==
==Notes==

Revision as of 21:47, 13 March 2024

For the John Williamson album, see Gunyah (album). For the chess player, see Koneru Humpy.

A 19th-century engraving showing Aboriginal people and a humpy.
Aboriginal winter encampments in wurlies, South Australia, ca. 1858
Aboriginal camp, Victoria, ca. 1858.

A humpy, also known as a gunyah,[1][2][3][4] wurley, wurly or wurlie, is a small, temporary shelter, traditionally used by Australian Aboriginal people. These impermanent dwellings, made of branches and bark, are sometimes called a lean-to, since they often rely on a standing tree for support.

Etymology

The word humpy comes from the Jagera language (a Murri people from Coorparoo in Brisbane); other language groups would have different names for the structure. In South Australia, such a shelter is known as a "wurley" (also spelled "wurlie"), possibly from the Kaurna language.[5][6][7]

Usage

Both names were adopted by early white settlers, and now form part of the Australian lexicon. The use of the term appears to have broadened in later usage to include any temporary building made from any available materials, including canvas, flattened metal drums, and sheets of corrugated iron.

Gallery

  • Aboriginal family and their temporary bark gunya (shelter), ca. 1856.
    Aboriginal family and their temporary bark gunya (shelter), ca. 1856.
  • Humpy in far western Queensland, 1937
    Humpy in far western Queensland, 1937
  • Native Wurley, 1886
    Native Wurley, 1886
  • Bushman humpy, 1910s
    Bushman humpy, 1910s
  • Bark humpy, Brisbane, 1874
    Bark humpy, Brisbane, 1874

See also


Notes

  1. ^ "Definition of gunyah". www.allwords.com.
  2. ^ Memmott, Paul (2007), Gunyah, Goondie and Wurley : the Aboriginal architecture of Australia (1st ed.), University of Queensland Press, ISBN 978-0-7022-3245-9
  3. ^ "Tents". One Planet. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  4. ^ Cannot, Jack; Prince, Victor (1912), I'll build a gunyah for you : song, Allan & Co. Pty. Ltd, retrieved 7 January 2019
  5. ^ Peters, Pam, The Cambridge Australian English Style Guide, Cambridge University Press, 1996, p818
  6. ^ "A Bark Humpy. How to Build it?". The Queenslander. Queensland, Australia. 30 October 1930. p. 57. Retrieved 7 January 2019 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ^ "Humpies and Gunyahs : Coloured Families on the Tweed". Sunday Mail. No. 550. Queensland, Australia. 10 December 1933. p. 7. Retrieved 7 January 2019 – via National Library of Australia.

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