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'''EURL''' is a [[Structural gene|structural protein gene]] that is encoded within the [[human chromosome 21]]..<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome |journal = Scientific Reports|volume = 6|last=Li |first=Shan Shan |last2=Qu |first2=Zhengdong |date=7 November 2016 |
'''EURL''' is a [[Structural gene|structural protein gene]] that is encoded within the [[human chromosome 21]]..<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome |journal = Scientific Reports|volume = 6|last=Li |first=Shan Shan |last2=Qu |first2=Zhengdong |date=7 November 2016 |pages=29514 |doi=10.1038/srep29514 |pmc=4941730 |pmid=27404227 |last3=Haas |first3=Matilda |last4=Ngo |first4=Linh |last5=Heo |first5=You Jeong |last6=Kang |first6=Hyo Jung |last7=Britto |first7=Joanne Maria |last8=Cullen |first8=Hayley Daniella |last9=Vanyai |first9=Hannah Kate|bibcode = 2016NatSR...629514L}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://www.cell.com/cell-systems/abstract/S2405-4712(17)30001-7 |title=Chromosome-wise Protein Interaction Patterns and Their Impact on Functional Implications of Large-Scale Genomic Aberrations |last=Brunak |first=Søren |last2=Juul |first2=Anders |date=2017-03-22 |journal=Cell Systems |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=357–364.e3 |language=English |doi=10.1016/j.cels.2017.01.001 |pmid=28215527 |access-date=2019-04-15 |last3=Leffers |first3=Henrik |last4=Jensen |first4=Thomas Skøt |last5=Skakkebæk |first5=Niels Erik |last6=Belling |first6=Kirstine |last7=Weinhold |first7=Nils |last8=Kirk |first8=Isa Kristina}}</ref> It stands for gene Expressed in Undifferentiated Retina and Lens and was first found in [[chick embryo]]s. It is also known as C21orf 91 (Chromosome 21 open reading frame 91)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000154642-C21orf91/tissue |accessdate=14 April 2019 |title=C21orf91}}</ref>. This gene produces many molecules; among them is a protein that influences neural development. This protein-coding region helps to code for neural development in humans and is strongly associated with neural [[progenitor cells]] as well as neurons associated with the [[cerebral cortex]] of the brain<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |title=The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=6 |pages=29514 |date=11 July 2016 |doi=10.1038/srep29514 |pmid=27404227 |pmc=4941730 |last1=Li |first1=Shan Shan |last2=Qu |first2=Zhengdong |last3=Haas |first3=Matilda |last4=Ngo |first4=Linh |last5=Heo |first5=You Jeong |last6=Kang |first6=Hyo Jung |last7=Britto |first7=Joanne Maria |last8=Cullen |first8=Hayley Daniella |last9=Vanyai |first9=Hannah Kate |last10=Tan |first10=Seong-Seng |last11=Chan-Ling |first11=Tailoi |last12=Gunnersen |first12=Jenny Margaret |last13=Heng |first13=Julian Ik-Tsen |bibcode=2016NatSR...629514L }}</ref> |
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Thus, being on chromosome 21, defects linked to this gene are heavily correlated to [[Down Syndrome]]. There are some knockout models regarding other genes involved in Down Syndrome, but there seems to be primary interest in a knockdown model for this specific gene. It is believed that because there is three codes of this gene rather than two, that the higher concentration of this molecule has the implications leading to Down Syndrome. Scientists are currently working on a hypothesis that the dosage of the EURL protein is directly correlated to neural development in the embryo and how an altered dosage leads to the neural deficits seen in Down Syndrome.<ref name=":1"/> |
Thus, being on chromosome 21, defects linked to this gene are heavily correlated to [[Down Syndrome]]. There are some knockout models regarding other genes involved in Down Syndrome, but there seems to be primary interest in a knockdown model for this specific gene. It is believed that because there is three codes of this gene rather than two, that the higher concentration of this molecule has the implications leading to Down Syndrome. Scientists are currently working on a hypothesis that the dosage of the EURL protein is directly correlated to neural development in the embryo and how an altered dosage leads to the neural deficits seen in Down Syndrome.<ref name=":1"/> |
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Revision as of 03:22, 27 July 2019
EURL is a structural protein gene that is encoded within the human chromosome 21..[1][2] It stands for gene Expressed in Undifferentiated Retina and Lens and was first found in chick embryos. It is also known as C21orf 91 (Chromosome 21 open reading frame 91)[3]. This gene produces many molecules; among them is a protein that influences neural development. This protein-coding region helps to code for neural development in humans and is strongly associated with neural progenitor cells as well as neurons associated with the cerebral cortex of the brain[4] Thus, being on chromosome 21, defects linked to this gene are heavily correlated to Down Syndrome. There are some knockout models regarding other genes involved in Down Syndrome, but there seems to be primary interest in a knockdown model for this specific gene. It is believed that because there is three codes of this gene rather than two, that the higher concentration of this molecule has the implications leading to Down Syndrome. Scientists are currently working on a hypothesis that the dosage of the EURL protein is directly correlated to neural development in the embryo and how an altered dosage leads to the neural deficits seen in Down Syndrome.[4]
References
- ^ Li, Shan Shan; Qu, Zhengdong; Haas, Matilda; Ngo, Linh; Heo, You Jeong; Kang, Hyo Jung; Britto, Joanne Maria; Cullen, Hayley Daniella; Vanyai, Hannah Kate (7 November 2016). "The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome". Scientific Reports. 6: 29514. Bibcode:2016NatSR...629514L. doi:10.1038/srep29514. PMC 4941730. PMID 27404227.
- ^ Brunak, Søren; Juul, Anders; Leffers, Henrik; Jensen, Thomas Skøt; Skakkebæk, Niels Erik; Belling, Kirstine; Weinhold, Nils; Kirk, Isa Kristina (2017-03-22). "Chromosome-wise Protein Interaction Patterns and Their Impact on Functional Implications of Large-Scale Genomic Aberrations". Cell Systems. 4 (3): 357–364.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cels.2017.01.001. PMID 28215527. Retrieved 2019-04-15.
- ^ "C21orf91". Retrieved 14 April 2019.
- ^ a b Li, Shan Shan; Qu, Zhengdong; Haas, Matilda; Ngo, Linh; Heo, You Jeong; Kang, Hyo Jung; Britto, Joanne Maria; Cullen, Hayley Daniella; Vanyai, Hannah Kate; Tan, Seong-Seng; Chan-Ling, Tailoi; Gunnersen, Jenny Margaret; Heng, Julian Ik-Tsen (11 July 2016). "The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome". Scientific Reports. 6: 29514. Bibcode:2016NatSR...629514L. doi:10.1038/srep29514. PMC 4941730. PMID 27404227.
- ^ Li, Shan Shan; Qu, Zhengdong; Haas, Matilda; Ngo, Linh; Heo, You Jeong; Kang, Hyo Jung; Britto, Joanne Maria; Cullen, Hayley Daniella; Vanyai, Hannah Kate; Tan, Seong-Seng; Chan-Ling, Tailoi; Gunnersen, Jenny Margaret; Heng, Julian Ik-Tsen (11 July 2016). "The HSA21 gene EURL/C21ORF91 controls neurogenesis within the cerebral cortex and is implicated in the pathogenesis of Down Syndrome". Scientific Reports. 6: 29514. Bibcode:2016NatSR...629514L. doi:10.1038/srep29514. PMC 4941730. PMID 27404227.
- ^ "Tissue expression of C21orf91 - Summary - the Human Protein Atlas". Retrieved 14 April 2019.