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{{short description|Sheer, lightweight plain-woven textile of fine, tightly-twisted yarn, of silk or various synthetic fibers}}
{{Short description|Sheer, lightweight plain-woven textile}}
[[Image:Lillian Gish 2.jpg|thumb|The American actress [[Lillian Gish]] in morning dress in chiffon and lace in 1922]]
[[File:Lillian Gish 2.jpg|thumb|upright|The American actress [[Lillian Gish]] in morning dress in chiffon and lace in 1922]]
[[Image:No8633No8638No8626No9651.png|thumb|Coat and skirt street suit of gray chiffon broadcloth with embroidery and lace decoration (1905)]]
[[File:No8633No8638No8626No9651.png|thumb|upright|Coat and skirt street suit of gray chiffon broadcloth with embroidery and lace decoration (1905)]]


'''Chiffon''' ({{IPA-fr|ʃi.fɔ̃|lang}}; {{IPAc-en|lang|ʃ|ɪ|ˈ|f|ɒ|n}}, {{respell|shif|ON}} (French ''{{transl|fr|chiffe}}'' cloth, or rag; Arabic {{lang|ar|شف}} ''{{transl|ar|šīff}}'' transparent, diaphanous, translucent fabric, or [[gauze]]; ({{lang|ar|عن}} ''{{transl|ar|'an}}'' s.th.) to shimmer through, reveal)<ref>{{cite book |title=Hans Wehr Arabic Dictionary |page=404}}</ref> is a lightweight, balanced [[plain weave|plain-woven]] [[Sheer (textile)|sheer]] [[textiles|fabric]], or gauze, like [[Gossamer (fabric)|gossamer]], woven of alternate [[Spinning (textiles)|S- and Z-twist]] crepe (high-twist) yarns.<ref name="textiles">Kadolph, Sara J., ed.: ''Textiles'', 10th edition, Pearson/Prentice-Hall, 2007, {{ISBN|0-13-118769-4}}, p. 230.</ref> The twist in the crepe yarns puckers the fabric slightly in both directions after weaving, giving it some stretch and a slightly rough feel.
'''Chiffon''' ({{IPA-fr|ʃi.fɔ̃|lang}}; {{IPAc-en|lang|ʃ|ɪ|ˈ|f|ɒ|n}}, {{respell|shif|ON}}, from the French word ''{{transl|fr|chiffe}}'' which means "cloth or rag";<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-12 |others=MasterClass |title=What Is Chiffon Fabric? Learn About the Characteristics of This Luxury Fabric and How Chiffon Is Made |url=https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-chiffon-fabric-learn-about-the-characteristics-of-this-luxury-fabric-and-how-chiffon-is-made#what-is-chiffon |website=Masterclass.com}}</ref> is a lightweight, balanced [[plain weave|plain-woven]] [[Sheer (textile)|sheer]] [[textiles|fabric]], or gauze, like [[Gossamer (fabric)|gossamer]], woven of alternate [[Spinning (textiles)|S- and Z-twist]] crepe (high-twist) yarns.<ref name="textiles">Kadolph, Sara J., ed.: ''Textiles'', 10 th edition, Pearson/Prentice-Hall, 2007, {{ISBN|0-13-118769-4}}, p. 230.</ref><ref>[https://www.masterclass.com/articles/28-types-of-fabrics-and-their-uses 28 Types of Fabrics and Their Uses] MasterClass</ref> Crepe yarn tends to have a tighter twist than standard yarns.<ref name=":0" /> The twist in the [[Crêpe (textile)|crepe]] [[yarn]]s puckers the fabric slightly in both directions after weaving, giving it some stretch and a slightly rough feel.


== Characteristics ==
⚫
Early chiffon was made purely from [[silk]]. In 1938, a nylon version of chiffon was invented, followed in 1958 with the creation of polyester chiffon, which became immensely popular due to its resilience and low cost. Under a magnifying glass, chiffon resembles a fine net or mesh, which gives it some transparency.
Chiffon is a lightweight fabric which is associated with elegance and luxury;<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2017-12-15 |title=What is Chiffon? Luxury Fabric Vs Thrifty Synthetic {{!}} Contrado |url=https://www.contrado.co.uk/blog/what-is-chiffon-luxury-natural-fabric-vs-thrifty-synthetic/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=Contrado Blog |language=en-GB}}</ref> it drapes well and has a shimmery and sheer appearance.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Under a magnifying glass, chiffon resembles a fine net or mesh, which gives it some transparency.


Chiffon can be produced out of natural or synthetic fibres.<ref name=":0" /> Silk chiffon was very expensive, and it is with the development of synthetic chiffon, such as nylon chiffon, polyester chiffon, and rayon chiffon, that chiffon became more accessible and more popular for common usage.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
⚫
Chiffon is most commonly used in evening wear, especially as an overlay, for giving an elegant and floating appearance to the [[gown]]. It is also a popular fabric used in [[blouse]]s, [[ribbon]]s, scarves and [[lingerie]]. Like other [[crape|crêpe fabrics]], chiffon can be difficult to work with because of its light and slippery texture. Due to this delicate nature, chiffon must be hand washed very gently.<ref name="textiles" />


Since chiffon is a light-weight fabric which frays easily, bound or French [[Seam types|seams]] must be used to stop the fabric from fraying. Chiffon is smoother and more lustrous than the similar fabric [[georgette (fabric)|georgette]].
Since chiffon is a light-weight fabric which frays easily, bound or French [[Seam types|seams]] must be used to stop the fabric from fraying.


=== Natural fibres ===
⚫
==References==
Early chiffon was made purely from [[silk]] and was very expensive; when used in fashion, it was associated with high status.<ref name=":0" /> Silk chiffon displays colours beautifully since silk fibres absorb dyes well. Chiffon also drapes well, adding structure to the clothing item it is formed into. <ref name=":0" /> Silk chiffon needs to be [[Dry cleaning|dry cleaned]].<ref name=":0" />

In [[China]], silk chiffon made of [[Noil|raw silk]] was known as {{Transliteration|zh|xiāo}} ({{Lang-zh|c=绡}}), which was also the name of raw silk.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26813079 |title=History of textile technology of ancient China |date=1992 |publisher=Science Press New York |others=Weiji Cheng |isbn=1-880132-02-8 |location=Rego Park, NY |oclc=26813079}}</ref>{{Rp|page=352}}

Chiffon could also be made out of [[cotton]].<ref name=":1" />

=== Synthetic fibres ===
⚫
In 1938, a [[nylon]] chiffon was invented; this was followed by the creation of [[polyester]] chiffon in 1958, which became immensely popular due to its resilience and low cost.<ref name=":0" />

Chiffon can also be produced out of [[rayon]].<ref name=":0" />

== Usage ==
⚫
In modern Western fashion, chiffon is most commonly used in evening wear, especially as an overlay, for giving an elegant and floating appearance to the [[gown]].<ref name=":0" /> It is also a popular fabric used in [[blouse]]s, [[ribbon]]s, scarves and [[lingerie]].<ref name=":0" />

In [[India]], Chiffon is primarily used to make [[Sari|Sarees]] and [[Dupatta|dupattas]].<ref name=":0" />

== Similar items ==
Chiffon is smoother and more lustrous than the similar fabric [[georgette (fabric)|georgette]].<ref name=":1" />

Chiffon is more flow and airy when drape than organza which is stiffer.

Chiffon is more moveable and flimsy while Tulle is more firm with a mesh type appearance.

== See also ==
*[[Chiffon cake]]

⚫
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}


{{Fabric}}
{{Fabric}}

Latest revision as of 23:25, 24 May 2024

The American actress Lillian Gish in morning dress in chiffon and lace in 1922
Coat and skirt street suit of gray chiffon broadcloth with embroidery and lace decoration (1905)

Chiffon (French: [ʃi.fɔ̃]; English: /ʃɪˈfɒn/, shif-ON, from the French word chiffe which means "cloth or rag";[1] is a lightweight, balanced plain-woven sheer fabric, or gauze, like gossamer, woven of alternate S- and Z-twist crepe (high-twist) yarns.[2][3] Crepe yarn tends to have a tighter twist than standard yarns.[1] The twist in the crepe yarns puckers the fabric slightly in both directions after weaving, giving it some stretch and a slightly rough feel.

Characteristics[edit]

Chiffon is a lightweight fabric which is associated with elegance and luxury;[4] it drapes well and has a shimmery and sheer appearance.[1][4] Under a magnifying glass, chiffon resembles a fine net or mesh, which gives it some transparency.

Chiffon can be produced out of natural or synthetic fibres.[1] Silk chiffon was very expensive, and it is with the development of synthetic chiffon, such as nylon chiffon, polyester chiffon, and rayon chiffon, that chiffon became more accessible and more popular for common usage.[1][4]

Since chiffon is a light-weight fabric which frays easily, bound or French seams must be used to stop the fabric from fraying.

Natural fibres[edit]

Early chiffon was made purely from silk and was very expensive; when used in fashion, it was associated with high status.[1] Silk chiffon displays colours beautifully since silk fibres absorb dyes well. Chiffon also drapes well, adding structure to the clothing item it is formed into. [1] Silk chiffon needs to be dry cleaned.[1]

In China, silk chiffon made of raw silk was known as xiāo (Chinese: 绡), which was also the name of raw silk.[5]: 352 

Chiffon could also be made out of cotton.[4]

Synthetic fibres[edit]

In 1938, a nylon chiffon was invented; this was followed by the creation of polyester chiffon in 1958, which became immensely popular due to its resilience and low cost.[1]

Chiffon can also be produced out of rayon.[1]

Usage[edit]

In modern Western fashion, chiffon is most commonly used in evening wear, especially as an overlay, for giving an elegant and floating appearance to the gown.[1] It is also a popular fabric used in blouses, ribbons, scarves and lingerie.[1]

In India, Chiffon is primarily used to make Sarees and dupattas.[1]

Similar items[edit]

Chiffon is smoother and more lustrous than the similar fabric georgette.[4]

Chiffon is more flow and airy when drape than organza which is stiffer.

Chiffon is more moveable and flimsy while Tulle is more firm with a mesh type appearance.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "What Is Chiffon Fabric? Learn About the Characteristics of This Luxury Fabric and How Chiffon Is Made". Masterclass.com. MasterClass. 2021-08-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^ Kadolph, Sara J., ed.: Textiles, 10 th edition, Pearson/Prentice-Hall, 2007, ISBN 0-13-118769-4, p. 230.
  3. ^ 28 Types of Fabrics and Their Uses MasterClass
  4. ^ a b c d e "What is Chiffon? Luxury Fabric Vs Thrifty Synthetic | Contrado". Contrado Blog. 2017-12-15. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  5. ^ History of textile technology of ancient China. Weiji Cheng. Rego Park, NY: Science Press New York. 1992. ISBN 1-880132-02-8. OCLC 26813079.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chiffon_(fabric)&oldid=1225519673"