Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast | |
|---|---|
| Оренбургская область | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal district | Volga[1] |
| Economic region | Urals[2] |
| Administrative center | Orenburg |
| Government | |
| • Body | Legislative Assembly |
| • Governor | Yury Berg[3] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 124,000 km2 (48,000 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 29th |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,033,072 |
| • Estimate (2018)[6] | 1,977,720 (−2.7%) |
| • Rank | 23rd |
| • Density | 16/km2 (42/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 59.7% |
| • Rural | 40.3% |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (MSK+2  [7]) |
| ISO 3166 code | RU-ORE |
| License plates | 56 |
| OKTMO ID | 53000000 |
| Official languages | Russian[8] |
| Website | http://www.orb.ru/ |
Orenburg Oblast (Russian: Оренбу́ргская о́бласть, Orenburgskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast (Чка́ловская о́бласть) in honor of Valery Chkalov. Population: 2,033,072 (2010 Census).[5]
Geography
The most important river of the oblast is the Ural.
Orenburg is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.
Administrative divisions
Demographics
Population: 2,033,072 (2010 Russian census);[5] 2,179,551 (2002 Census);[9] 2,174,459 (1989 Soviet census).[10]
- Vital statistics for 2012
- Births: 29 736 (14.7 per 1000)
- Deaths: 28 225 (13.9 per 1000) [11]
- Total fertility rate:[12]
2009 - 1.76 | 2010 - 1.80 | 2011 - 1.80 | 2012 - 1.95 | 2013 - 2.00(e)
According to the 2010 Census, the ethnic composition of the oblast was as follows:[5]
- Russians: 75.9%
- Tatars: 7.6%
- Kazakhs: 6%
- Ukrainians: 2.5%
- Bashkirs: 2.3%
- Mordvinians: 1.9%
- Germans: 0.6%
- Chuvash: 0.6%
- Belarusians: 0.3%
- Azeris: 0.4%
- other groups, none more than 0.2% of the population
- 30,449 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[13]
Religion
As of a 2012 official survey[14] 40.2% of the population of Orenburg Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 3% declares to be generically Christian (excluding Catholic and Protestant), 2% follows other Orthodox Churches. Muslims constitute 13% of the population. 3% of the population follows Rodnovery (Slavic Paganism), 6.8% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the survey. In addition, 20% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious" and 12% to be atheist.[14]
Economy
Orenburg Oblast is one of the major agricultural areas of Russia. Its climate is favorable for farming: humid spring, dry summer and a large number of sunny days make perfect conditions for cultivating hard wheat and rye, sunflowers, potatoes, peas, beans, corn, and gourds.
The range of the oblast's export commodities includes: oil and oil products, gas and gas produced products, rolled ferrous and non-ferrous metals, nickel, asbestos, chromium compounds, rough copper, electric engines, radiators, products of machine-building industry.
See also
References
- ^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
- ^ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ^ Official website of Orenburg Oblast. Yury Alexandrovich Berg, Governor of Orenburg Oblast Template:Ru icon
- ^ "Сведения о наличии и распределении земель в Российской Федерации на 01.01.2019 (в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации)". Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography. Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
- ^ a b c d Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/2012/demo/edn12-12.htm
- ^ http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/publications/catalog/doc_1137674209312
- ^ http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936
- ^ a b c Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. Sreda.org
- ^ 2012 Survey Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 24-09-2012.