This document profiles several important figures in the history and development of technology and the internet. It provides brief biographies and photos of pioneers such as Tim Berners-Lee, who invented the World Wide Web; Ray Tomlinson, who invented email; Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, co-founders of Apple; Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft; and Vint Cerf, considered the "Father of the Internet." It also discusses companies such as Xerox PARC, Compuserve, and Prodigy, which were early leaders in networking and online services.
The document provides an overview of a 12-week course on the concept of the Internet. It discusses the following key topics:
- Weeks 1-3 cover the history and development of the Internet, common Internet services, and the benefits of the Internet.
- Weeks 4-6 discuss hardware requirements for Internet connectivity like modems, wireless transmission technologies, and challenges to effective transmission.
- Weeks 7-9 cover issues with Nigeria's telecommunication infrastructure, economic factors affecting Internet access, and government policies.
- Weeks 10-12 explain Internet service providers, the economic impact of local vs foreign ISPs, the domain name system, and how to configure name servers.
The document provides a timeline history of the internet from 1957 to 2012. It describes several key events and innovations such as the creation of ARPA which led to the development of packet switching and the ARPANET, the first email program, the introduction of TCP/IP, the creation of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee, and the launch of popular websites and technologies like Google, Facebook, YouTube and Wikipedia. The timeline traces the evolution of the internet from its origins as a US military network to the ubiquitous technology and tool it is today.
I’m a big fan of all things tech and Boston. So here’s my own personal Boston Nerd Tour. It has been edited for brevity; for the expanded version, visit my personal blog: High Tech in the Hub, http://www.hightechinthehub.com/2017/08/boston-nerd-tour/
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Image Attribution outside of public domain:
12: BCadam CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneur_Walk_of_Fame#/media/File:Hewlett_and_Packard_stars.jpg
14: John Phelan / Wikimedia Commons
https://www.museeum.com/museum/mit-museum/
16: Quora https://www.quora.com/Massachusetts-Institute-of-Technology-MIT-What-do-MIT-students-think-of-the-Rogers-building
18: John Phelan Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MIT_Building_10_and_the_Great_Dome,_Cambridge_MA.jpg
20: MIT List Visual Arts Center https://listart.mit.edu/public-art-map/fairchild-buildings
22: Rau1654 CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Computer_Science_and_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory#/media/File:Stata_Center1.jpg
24: Daderot Wiki Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:B_and_B_Chemical_Company,_780_Memorial_Drive,_Cambridge,_MA_-_IMG_2955.JPG
26: Petrocchi Construction http://petrocchidcd.com/project_item/harvard-university-maxwell-dworkin-laboratory/
28- Daderot Wiki commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harvard_University_Science_Center_-_panorama.jpg
30- Dan4th Nicholas CC2.0
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2006_newsstand_Cambridge_Massachusetts_USA_150445218.jpg
32- MALERIE YOLEN-COHEN http://www.getawaymavens.com/boston-ma-immersed-in-art/
34: Daderot Wiki Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kresge_-_Harvard_Business_School_-_DSC02998.JPG
36: Cabot & Forbes http://ccfne.com/?portfolio=raytheon-bbn-technologies
40: Dr. Jonathan E. Goldberg http://www.lifechangesgroup.com/site/directions/brookline-ss-pierce-building-1024x725/
42: John Phelan CC BY-SA 3.0 Wiki Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sandy_Pond,_Lincoln_MA.jpg
44: Rayethon
http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/rtnwcm/groups/public/documents/image/rtn-ghq2-small.jpg
46: Cushman & Wakefield http://cushwakeboston.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/25corporatedrive.jpg
48: Glassdoor https://media.glassdoor.com/l/347032/mit-lincoln-laboratory-office.jpg
50: Glassdoor https://www.glassdoor.com/Overview/Working-at-Bose-EI_IE3098.11,15.htm
52: Mill & Main http://mill-and-main.com/news/town-maynard-lauds-increase-occupancy-mill-main/
54: Boston Globe https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/10/12/local-officials-fret-about-what-emc-sale-will-mean-for-massachusetts/RsZJSBAeyGgaDMW275kVIK/story.html
56: Emw CC BY-SA 3.0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Laboratories#/media/File:Cross_Point_Towers;_northeast_side;_Lowell,_MA;_2011-09-11.JPG
58: Lisa Shea CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddard_Rocket_Launching_Site
Map photos provided by Google Map
Martin Pot: "Wat betekent het IoT voor de architectuur, voor ons bouwen en wonen? Hoe verhouden wij ons tot deze technologie; wat is onze rol en invloed als bewoner?"
Chapter 11 of a university course in media history by Prof. Bill Kovarik, based on the book Revolutions in Communication: Media History from Gutenberg to the Digital Age (Bloomsbury, 2nd ed., 2015).
The document discusses the history and development of the Internet and telecommunications. It describes how the Internet was created to allow computers to share information over long distances. Key pioneers who contributed to the development of the Internet and digital communication technologies are profiled, including Vannevar Bush, Claude Shannon, and Tim Berners-Lee. The document also outlines common uses of the Internet today, such as e-commerce, communication, media/entertainment, and how information travels across the global network of connected devices.
The document summarizes important inventors and developments in the computer field, including:
- Charles Babbage invented the Analytical Engine in 1822, laying the foundations for modern computers. Alan Turing developed the Turing Machine and helped establish the concept of the algorithm.
- Important early computers included the Z1, Z2, and Z3 by Konrad Zuse, the Atanasoff-Berry Computer by John Vincent Atanasoff & Clifford Berry, and ENIAC developed for the US Army by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert.
- Major advances included the first personal computer by Henry Roberts in 1974, the first laptop by IBM in 1975, the first Apple computer by
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Ian Fenwick, the founding partner of digiAindra co ltd, a strategic digital marketing firm based in Bangkok, Thailand. The presentation covers three main topics: 1) how digital technology has become mainstream, 2) how marketing has lagged behind in adopting digital, and 3) the global and all-encompassing reach of digital platforms. It provides statistics and examples to illustrate how digital devices, internet usage, and social media have grown tremendously worldwide in recent decades.
Free Software Movement and Open Source CommunitiesHaggen So
The document summarizes the history of the free software and open source movements. It discusses early hacker culture at MIT, the founding of the GNU project and Free Software Foundation by Richard Stallman, the creation of the Linux kernel by Linus Torvalds, and Eric Raymond's influential essay "The Cathedral and the Bazaar" which helped popularize the open source term. It also covers diversity and conflicts between the free software and open source communities as well as the impact of open source software on the software industry and politics.
The document discusses the history and evolution of the Internet and new media technologies. It defines key terms like the Internet, World Wide Web, Web 2.0, and various social media platforms. Theories around the societal impact of these technologies are explored, including how they have changed communication, journalism, and economics. The future of an even more connected "Evernet" is also envisioned.
In 2000, Bran Ferren and fellow Disney R&D executive Danny Hillis left to found a design and invention firm called Applied Minds. Hillis was also a renowned entrepreneur; among other accomplishments, he had founded Thinking Machines, the first company to make parallel architecture supercomputers. Based in Los Angeles, Applied Minds soon gained an enviable track record of successful projects. In 2014, Applied Minds spun out another atelier-style company, called Applied Inventions, which is based in Boston and works on startup and commercial inventions. Applied Minds continues to focus on projects for government and large-scale businesses. Now run by Ferren, it is dedicated to assembling creative minds in a wide variety of disciplines, including gaming software, biotechnology, materials science, specialized exploration vehicles, and satellite and space technology. The researchers at Applied Minds collaborate continually across disciplines to produce game-changing innovations.
The significance of Ferren’s ideas about innovation is not limited to design and technology. His enterprises have attracted, empowered, and nurtured dozens of remarkable artists, inventors, and engineers. They produce breakthrough innovations in record time, with an extraordinarily consistent track record and in a variety of industrial and consumer areas. He has, in other words, created a company that routinely creates miracles.
Ferren spoke with strategy+business at the Applied Minds rapid prototyping facility in Burbank, Calif. The conversation cut to the heart of a key aspiration for many business leaders: fostering greatness, in the form of new products, services, and technologies, within the context of an established company or institution.
1. Belgian information expert Paul Otlet imagined a "Radiated Library" in the 1930s that used technology of the time like telephone and radio to create something similar to the internet.
2. In the 1960s, researchers at universities and technology companies in the US began experimenting with and developing early versions of packet switching and inter-connected computer networks that would later become known as the ARPANET and lay the foundation for the internet.
3. By the late 1970s, TCP/IP emerged as the main protocol for ARPANET and helped connect different networks, establishing the internet. This allowed for greater connectivity and use of the internet throughout the 1980s.
The document discusses the history and rise of podcasting and its potential uses for teaching and learning. It provides background on when the term "podcasting" was coined and how the necessary technologies like MP3 players and audio software made it possible. It then covers various pedagogical uses like recording lectures, student projects, language lessons and enhancing other media. Challenges discussed include copyright and finding appropriate content.
The document provides a history of the development of the Internet from its origins in the 1960s to the present day. It describes how the Internet began as a project of the US military called ARPANET to create a decentralized network that could withstand attacks. Key developments included the creation of email in 1972, the introduction of TCP/IP in the 1970s which allowed different networks to connect, the launch of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s, and the rise of popular services and technologies like search engines, browsers, social media, and ecommerce in the late 1990s. The document also discusses some of the ongoing issues surrounding the Internet like privacy, security, and the digital divide.
This document discusses key questions around how the internet has impacted media concentration and power dynamics. It examines the extent to which online media has replicated traditional patterns of ownership concentration in print and broadcast. It also looks at how the internet has changed news production and distribution. Additionally, it explores the effects of file sharing, open-source software, and intellectual property disputes. The document then analyzes different definitions of power and how information and communication technologies have impacted capabilities-based power, relational power, structural power, and meta power.
Government 2.0: architecting for collaborationTara Hunt
Unfortunately, the video won't embed this way. :( And it makes it soooo awesome. So, here is where to find them:
1. The Day of the Longtail By Michael Markman, Peter Hirshberg, Bob Kalsey; Produced for The Computer History Museum
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7xAA71Ssids
2. What the Heck is BarCamp? by Ryanne Hodson & Jay Dedman
http://ryanedit.blogspot.com/2006/06/barcampsf.html
3. Transit Camp on CityTV
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDkEPvIwarI
The document discusses how imagination led to important innovations in information technology like the Internet, World Wide Web, smartphones, and search engines. It argues that without imagination, there would be no digital revolution as we know it today and provides examples of pioneering technologies that emerged from imaginative ideas including the Internet, Web browsers, Google, iPod, and iPhone.
Famous Personalities in the field of Information TechnologyNagesh Agrawal
This document profiles several influential figures in the history of computing and the internet. It discusses the contributions of pioneers like Steve Jobs, Tim Berners-Lee, Bill Gates, Linus Torvalds, and others who developed early operating systems, programming languages, search engines, e-commerce sites, and more. It also mentions entrepreneurs who founded influential technology companies like Microsoft, Apple, Google, Oracle, and others.
The document provides brief biographies of several technology pioneers from the early days of the internet and web. It summarizes that Sergey Brin and Larry Page co-founded Google after developing the PageRank algorithm while students at Stanford. It also mentions that Marc Andreessen co-authored the Mosaic browser and co-founded Netscape, and that Steve Case founded AOL which helped popularize the internet. Finally, it notes that Pierre Omidyar founded eBay in 1995 after it was originally called AuctionWeb.
Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn created TCP/IP, the communication protocols that allow computers to connect to each other and exchange information over the Internet. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web and the basics of how information is accessed and shared over the Internet. Ray Tomlinson enabled sending messages between machines in different locations by inventing the use of the "@" symbol in email addresses.
The document provides information about several important figures in computer science and technology. It discusses their major accomplishments and contributions, including inventing technologies like the computer mouse, the microprocessor, WiFi, Bluetooth, USB, and the World Wide Web. Many of them were pioneers in fields like artificial intelligence, computer programming, software development, internet infrastructure and more.
IT icons from all over the world for class9 ppt projectAshaRani590410
The document discusses several IT icons who made major contributions to the development of technology. It describes Tim Berners-Lee as the inventor of the World Wide Web who implemented the first successful communication between an HTTP client and server. Bill Gates is mentioned as the developer of Microsoft who wrote his first software program at age 13. Larry Page and Sergey Brin are credited with founding Google in 1998 through their collective efforts. Sundar Pichai is highlighted as the current CEO of Google who led innovations like Chrome, Drive, Gmail, and Maps and is also CEO of Alphabet Inc.
1. This document provides summaries of 4 famous personalities related to IT: Steve Jobs, Tim Berners-Lee, Bill Gates, and James Gosling. It describes their backgrounds, educations, key accomplishments and contributions to the technology industry.
2. Steve Jobs is described as the co-founder of Apple Computer who pioneered personal computing and product design. He co-founded Apple in 1976 and led the development of the Apple II and Macintosh computers. Tim Berners-Lee is credited with inventing the World Wide Web in 1989-1990 while working at CERN.
3. Bill Gates co-founded Microsoft and helped drive the widespread adoption of personal computers through Microsoft's MS-DOS and Windows operating
Tim Berners-Lee Inventor of the World Wide WebCharlie
A blog post adapted from my presentation about Tim Berners-Lee who invented the world wide web. Goes over the history and some other information on Tim Berners-Lee.
My collage presentation in first semester and also the first presentation in collage.
The Internet & WWW, the difference between both of them the advantages and disadvantages of Internet.
IoT Now And In The Future: Presented by Niroshan Madampitige, Head of Deliver...InterCon
InterCon is a premier technology conference that brings together like-minded people on a common platform to share knowledge, present ideas, get recognition, and network. InterCon Dubai will offer knowledgeable sessions, informative content, extraordinary speakers, and an overall memorable experience.
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The document provides a history of the Internet from its origins in 1969 as a US military and research network called ARPANET, to its growth and commercialization in the 1990s. Some key events included the development of TCP/IP protocols and email in the 1970s, the connection of universities and commercialization of services in the 1980s, the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989, and the release of Mosaic and Netscape browsers in the early 1990s which opened the Internet to the general public. By the late 1990s hundreds of millions of people were using the Internet globally on a regular basis. The document also discusses that no single entity owns the Internet due to its decentralized design, but various organizations coordinate its technical operations and
This document provides a history of social media from 1960 to 2009. It discusses early platforms like PLATO, email, BBS systems, IRC, and the World Wide Web. Major social media sites are introduced, like Friendster in 2002, LinkedIn in 2003, MySpace and Flickr in 2004, and Facebook and YouTube in 2005. Twitter arrives in 2006 and Foursquare in 2009. The document outlines the growth of social media and how people's need for social connection online has evolved greatly over time.
The Origin and Evolution of the Internet and the www.Anvith KS
What is the Internet? (Origin, Important Milestones, Then and Now of Internet )
What is the WWW? (Origin , Differentiate Internet and Web, Important Milestones, Evolution of the Web: 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, Then and Now of the Web )
Convergence (Emergence of the smartphone, iPhone and then Android, Moving from the Web to the Smartphone (Android), Android Origin , Android Evolution, Android, Current Status)
This document discusses the history and evolution of the internet from its origins as ARPANET, a network developed by the US Department of Defense to protect against nuclear attacks, through the creation of the World Wide Web by Tim Berner Lee in 1990. It then covers the major growth period of the internet in the late 1990s and 2000s as commercial sites like Amazon launched, browsers like Netscape and Internet Explorer competed for dominance, and Google and Yahoo rose to prominence. The document concludes by noting how the internet has become essential to both business and personal use worldwide.
Tim Berners-Lee is widely considered the inventor of the World Wide Web. He developed the world's first web browser and website at CERN in 1989-1990. Throughout his career, he has championed increasing internet accessibility and open standards. He is a staunch advocate for net neutrality.
The document provides a history of the internet and key developments from its early concepts in the 1960s to the late 1990s. It discusses how the original ARPANET grew into the modern Internet based on open architecture networking. Key developments included the Domain Name System to enable scaling, the launch of the first webpage in 1989, and the introduction of popular services and technologies in the 1990s like Mosaic, JavaScript, Google, and Wikipedia.
The document discusses the evolution of the internet from its origins as ARPANET, created by the US Department of Defense in the 1960s, to the modern internet. It highlights several key milestones, including the invention of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, which made the internet user-friendly and accessible to the public, fueling its rapid expansion. The advent of smartphones in the early 2000s brought mobile internet access, skyrocketing usage. More recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has connected everyday devices, transforming technology interactions. The internet has become essential worldwide for communication, commerce, and innovation.
Introduction of internet to the globe arise robyArise Roby
The document summarizes the history and development of the Internet from its origins in the 1960s as a U.S. military network called ARPANET to enable information sharing between researchers. Key events included the first file transfer between computers in 1965 and the first message sent over ARPANET in 1969. Standards and protocols like Ethernet and TCP/IP were developed in the 1970s allowing the Internet to expand beyond research institutions. By the 1990s, Tim Berners-Lee had invented the World Wide Web, bringing the Internet to the mainstream through browsers and hyperlinks. Wireless connectivity and mobile devices have now made the Internet ubiquitous.
The document discusses how India values its culture of learning, with classrooms being treasured and knowledge being worshipped over ages as virtues that are ingrained in Indian society. It expresses gratitude to the author's parents for firmly instilling values of hard work and education through their own example of striving to provide the best education for their children despite coming from a rural background. The Indian Institutes of Technology are also highlighted as centers that bring together bright students and groom them to technological and overall excellence.
Smart mobility refers to the integration of advanced technologies and innovative solutions to create efficient, sustainable, and interconnected transportation systems. It encompasses various aspects of transportation, including public transit, shared mobility services, intelligent transportation systems, electric vehicles, and connected infrastructure. Smart mobility aims to improve the overall mobility experience by leveraging data, connectivity, and automation to enhance safety, reduce congestion, optimize transportation networks, and minimize environmental impacts.
Redefining Cybersecurity with AI CapabilitiesPriyanka Aash
In this comprehensive overview of Cisco's latest innovations in cybersecurity, the focus is squarely on resilience and adaptation in the face of evolving threats. The discussion covers the imperative of tackling Mal information, the increasing sophistication of insider attacks, and the expanding attack surfaces in a hybrid work environment. Emphasizing a shift towards integrated platforms over fragmented tools, Cisco introduces its Security Cloud, designed to provide end-to-end visibility and robust protection across user interactions, cloud environments, and breaches. AI emerges as a pivotal tool, from enhancing user experiences to predicting and defending against cyber threats. The blog underscores Cisco's commitment to simplifying security stacks while ensuring efficacy and economic feasibility, making a compelling case for their platform approach in safeguarding digital landscapes.
Garbage In, Garbage Out: Why poor data curation is killing your AI models (an...Zilliz
Enterprises have traditionally prioritized data quantity, assuming more is better for AI performance. However, a new reality is setting in: high-quality data, not just volume, is the key. This shift exposes a critical gap – many organizations struggle to understand their existing data and lack effective curation strategies and tools. This talk dives into these data challenges and explores the methods of automating data curation.
Improving Learning Content Efficiency with Reusable Learning ContentEnterprise Knowledge
Enterprise Knowledge’s Emily Crockett, Content Engineering Consultant, presented “Improve Learning Content Efficiency with Reusable Learning Content” at the Learning Ideas conference on June 13th, 2024.
This presentation explored the basics of reusable learning content, including the types of reuse and the key benefits of reuse such as improved content maintenance efficiency, reduced organizational risk, and scalable differentiated instruction & personalization. After this primer on reuse, Crockett laid out the basic steps to start building reusable learning content alongside a real-life example and the technology stack needed to support dynamic content. Key objectives included:
- Be able to explain the difference between reusable learning content and duplicate content
- Explore how a well-designed learning content model can reduce duplicate content and improve your team’s efficiency
- Identify key tasks and steps in creating a learning content model
Demystifying Neural Networks And Building Cybersecurity ApplicationsPriyanka Aash
In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have emerged as a cornerstone of artificial intelligence, revolutionizing various fields including cybersecurity. Inspired by the intricacies of the human brain, ANNs have a rich history and a complex structure that enables them to learn and make decisions. This blog aims to unravel the mysteries of neural networks, explore their mathematical foundations, and demonstrate their practical applications, particularly in building robust malware detection systems using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs).
LeadMagnet IQ Review: Unlock the Secret to Effortless Traffic and Leads.pdfSelfMade bd
Imagine being able to generate high-quality traffic and leads effortlessly. Sounds like a dream, right? Well, it’s not. It’s called LeadMagnet IQ, and it’s here to revolutionize your marketing efforts.
(Note: Download the paper about this software. After that, click on [Click for Instant Access] inside the paper, and it will take you to the sales page of the product.)
Keynote : Presentation on SASE TechnologyPriyanka Aash
Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) solutions are revolutionizing enterprise networks by integrating SD-WAN with comprehensive security services. Traditionally, enterprises managed multiple point solutions for network and security needs, leading to complexity and resource-intensive operations. SASE, as defined by Gartner, consolidates these functions into a unified cloud-based service, offering SD-WAN capabilities alongside advanced security features like secure web gateways, CASB, and remote browser isolation. This convergence not only simplifies management but also enhances security posture and application performance across global networks and cloud environments. Discover how adopting SASE can streamline operations and fortify your enterprise's digital transformation strategy.
Welcome to Cyberbiosecurity. Because regular cybersecurity wasn't complicated...Snarky Security
How wonderful it is that in our modern age, every bit of our biological data can be digitized, stored, and potentially pilfered by cyber thieves! Isn't it just splendid to think that while scientists are busy pushing the boundaries of biotechnology, hackers could be plotting the next big bio-data heist? This delightful scenario is brought to you by the ever-expanding digital landscape of biology and biotechnology, where the integration of computer science, engineering, and data science transforms our understanding and manipulation of biological systems.
While the fusion of technology and biology offers immense benefits, it also necessitates a careful consideration of the ethical, security, and associated social implications. But let's be honest, in the grand scheme of things, what's a little risk compared to potential scientific achievements? After all, progress in biotechnology waits for no one, and we're just along for the ride in this thrilling, slightly terrifying, adventure.
So, as we continue to navigate this complex landscape, let's not forget the importance of robust data protection measures and collaborative international efforts to safeguard sensitive biological information. After all, what could possibly go wrong?
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This document provides a comprehensive analysis of the security implications biological data use. The analysis explores various aspects of biological data security, including the vulnerabilities associated with data access, the potential for misuse by state and non-state actors, and the implications for national and transnational security. Key aspects considered include the impact of technological advancements on data security, the role of international policies in data governance, and the strategies for mitigating risks associated with unauthorized data access.
This view offers valuable insights for security professionals, policymakers, and industry leaders across various sectors, highlighting the importance of robust data protection measures and collaborative international efforts to safeguard sensitive biological information. The analysis serves as a crucial resource for understanding the complex dynamics at the intersection of biotechnology and security, providing actionable recommendations to enhance biosecurity in an digital and interconnected world.
The evolving landscape of biology and biotechnology, significantly influenced by advancements in computer science, engineering, and data science, is reshaping our understanding and manipulation of biological systems. The integration of these disciplines has led to the development of fields such as computational biology and synthetic biology, which utilize computational power and engineering principles to solve complex biological problems and innovate new biotechnological applications. This interdisciplinary approach has not only accelerated research and development but also introduced new capabilities such as gene editing and biomanufact
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY - Advantages and DisadvantagesSAI KAILASH R
Explore the advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technology in this comprehensive SlideShare presentation. Blockchain, the backbone of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, is revolutionizing various industries by offering enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency. However, it also comes with challenges such as scalability issues and energy consumption. This presentation provides an in-depth analysis of the key benefits and drawbacks of blockchain, helping you understand its potential impact on the future of technology and business.
This PDF delves into the aspects of information security from a forensic perspective, focusing on privacy leaks. It provides insights into the methods and tools used in forensic investigations to uncover and mitigate privacy breaches in mobile and cloud environments.
Top 12 AI Technology Trends For 2024.pdfMarrie Morris
Technology has become an irreplaceable component of our daily lives. The role of AI in technology revolutionizes our lives for the betterment of the future. In this article, we will learn about the top 12 AI technology trends for 2024.
Retrieval Augmented Generation Evaluation with RagasZilliz
Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances chatbots by incorporating custom data in the prompt. Using large language models (LLMs) as judge has gained prominence in modern RAG systems. This talk will demo Ragas, an open-source automation tool for RAG evaluations. Christy will talk about and demo evaluating a RAG pipeline using Milvus and RAG metrics like context F1-score and answer correctness.
Retrieval Augmented Generation Evaluation with Ragas
140characters
1. Steve Jobs
Chairman, CEO,
and co-founder of
Apple Inc.;
chairman and
majority
shareholder of
Pixar; and the
founder, chairman,
and CEO of NeXT.
And a
visionary/thief who
walked out of
Xerox PARC with
their brain trust.
Photo:
en.wikiquote.org
2. Tim Berners-Lee
Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the
World Wide Web Web while at
CERN, the European Particle
Physics Laboratory, in 1989. He
wrote the first web client and
server in 1990. His specifications
of URIs, HTTP and HTML were
refined as Web technology spread.
Berners-Lee is also Director of
WC3 (World Wide Web
Consortium 'Magna Carta for the
web' to save internet from abuse
He is presently working on a new
decentralized platform. Let’s hope
that we learned something from
the first iteration and that it sticks
this time. Photo: ja.wikipedia.org
3. Ray Tomlinson
.
In 1971, a computer
scientist named Ray
Tomlinson was facing
a vexing problem:
how to connect
people who
programmed
computers with one
another. At that time,
computers weren’t
connected to one
another. The U.S.
government sought
to overcome when
the problem and
hired BBN
Technologies, where
Tomlinson worked, to
help develop a
network called
Arpanet, forerunner
of the Internet.
Tomlinson’s solution:
the @ sign. Photo
NPR.org
5. Steve Wozniak
Co-founder Steve
Wozniak almost didn't
join Apple. He had a
job offer at HP in
Oregon, and was
considering taking it
because he thought
Apple would crash and
burn. Whew! Photo:
afr.com
6. Bill Hewlett and
David Packard
What list could be complete
without mentioning this pair,
who founded their legendary
company in Packard’s garage
in Palo Alto. Fun fact: A young
Steve Jobs, then age 12,
called Hewlett (whose
number was listed) and
requested any available parts
for a frequency counter he
was building. Hewlett,
impressed with Jobs'
gumption, offered him a
summer job assembling
frequency counters.
Photo:Wikipedia
7. Paul Mockapetris
Actually, it’s Dr.
Paul Mockapetris,
and his claim to
fame and place in
history: he was the
creator of Domain
Name System
architecture
8. Jon Postel Considered the ‘god’
of the Internet,
Jonathan Bruce
Postel made many
significant
contributions to the
medium’s
development. He is
known principally for
being the Editor of
the Request for
Comment (RFC)
document series, and
for administering the
Internet Assigned
Numbers Authority
(IANA) until his
death. Photo:
Wikipedia
9. Hedy Lamarr
– Yes, that Hedy Lamarr. The
actress helped developed a
radio guidance system for
Allied torpedoes, which used
spread spectrum and
frequency hopping
technology. It’s now
incorporated into Wi-fi,
Bluetooth and CDMA. No
Oscar, but she did receive an
Electronic Frontier
Foundation Pioneer award.
Photo:
oldtimeradiodownloads.com
10. J. C. R. Licklider
Arguably the father of
the modern computer,
Licklider foresaw a
worldwide computer
network long before it
was built. He also
funded much of the
early research. Photo:
es.wikipedia.org
11. Douglas Engelbart
Engelbart is best known for his
work on founding the field of
human–computer interaction,
particularly while at his
Augmentation Research Center
Lab in SRI International, which
resulted in creation of the mouse,
and the development of
hypertext, networked computers,
and precursors to graphical user
interfaces. Photo:
blog.innovationjournalism.org
12. Xerox PARC
The Palo Alto Research Center was
responsible for such developments
as laser printing, Ethernet, the
modern personal computer,
graphical user interface (GUI) and
desktop paradigm, object-oriented
programming, ubiquitous
computing, electronic paper,
amorphous silicon (a-Si)
applications, and advancing very-
large-scale integration for
semiconductors. Their mistake:
allowing Steve Jobs and Bill Gates in
to look under the hood, both of
whom stole what they needed to
build their products – and empires.
Show of hands: Who has heard of
Apple and Microsoft? Xerox PARC?
Photo: jarcors.com
14. Bill Gross
Before there
was Y
Combinator,
there was
Idealab, the
first business
accelerator
(1996).
Howard
Morgan was
there, too.
Photo: Le Web
15. Bill Gates
In 1975, Gates launched Microsoft with co-founder Paul
Allen, and the company became the world’s largest PC
company. That’s ‘personal computer,’ btw. Gates was CEO
until he stepped down in 2000, remaining as chairman
full-time, before transitioning to a part-time spot to work
full-time at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
We won’t even get into Common Core.
As for the government’s anti-trust lawsuit against
Microsoft (United States v. Microsoft, 1998), as
BusinessWeek reported: “Early rounds of his deposition
show him offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I
don't recall,' so many times that even the presiding judge
had to chuckle. Worse, many of the technology chief's
denials and pleas of ignorance were directly refuted by
prosecutors with snippets of e-mail that Gates both sent
and received.” Microsoft was found guilty of violating the
Sherman Antitrust Act, and just a head’s up to Gates’ pal
Mark Zuckerberg. In fact, MSFT was an early investor in
Facebook. Photo: flickr.com
16. Paul Allen
Co-founded
Microsoft with Bill
Gates in 1975.
According to
Wikipedia, in
March 2018, he
was estimated to
be the 44th-
wealthiest person
in the world, with
an estimated net
worth of $21.7
billion, revised at
the time of his
death to $20.3
billion. Photo:
Seattle Times
17. Vint Cerf
Considered the Father of the
Internet. Cerf was a manager
for the United States' Defense
Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) funding
various groups to develop
TCP/IP technology. When the
Internet began to transition
to a commercial opportunity
during the late 1980s, Cerf
moved to MCI where he was
instrumental in the
development of the first
commercial email system
(MCI Mail) connected to the
Internet. Photo: Wikipedia
18. Judy Estrin
Estrin worked with Vinton
Cerf on the Transmission
Control Protocol project at
Stanford University in the
1970s. Estrin is a serial
entrepreneur who co-
founded eight technology
companies. She was the chief
technology officer of Cisco
Systems from 1998 to 2000.
She is currently CEO of JLABS,
LLC, a privately held company
focused on furthering
innovation in business,
government, and nonprofit
organizations. Photo:
YouTube
19. Stewart Brand
Author of the Whole Earth
Catalog; founder of The
WELL ("Whole Earth
'Lectronic Link"), a
prototypical, wide-ranging
online community for
intelligent, informed
participants the world over.
According to The New
Yorker, “In a 2005
commencement address at
Stanford, Steve Jobs
described the “Whole Earth
Catalog” as “Google in
paperback form, thirty-five
years before Google came
along.” Photo:
en.wikipedia.org
21. Glenda Shroeder
Implemented the first command-
line user interface shell and
publishing one of the earliest
research papers describing
electronic mail systems. Photo:
quazoo.com
22. Bob Taylor
ARPA director (1965-
1969) who convinced
ARPA to fund a
computer network aka
ARPA net, which gave
birth to the internet.
Photo:
internethalloffame.org
23. Sally Floyd
As the inventor of Random Early
Detection ("RED") active queue
management scheme, she
founded the field of Active
Queue Management (AQM)
with Van Jacobson. Almost all
Internet routers use RED or
something developed from it to
manage network congestion.
Floyd devised adding delay jitter
to message timers to avoid
synchronization. Winner, IEEE
Internet Award (2005) and the
ACM SIGCOMM Award (2007)
for her contributions to
congestion control. In 2007 was
named one of the top-ten most
cited researchers in computer
science. Phpto: topyaps.com
24. Andy Grove
The semiconductor
pioneer who transformed
Intel from a manufacturer
of memory chips into one
of the world's dominant
producers of
microprocessors. Photo:
Wikipedia
25. Nolan Bushnell
Creator of Pong and founder of both
Atari, Inc. and the Chuck E. Cheese
chain, Bushnell has been inducted into
the Video Game Hall of Fame and the
Consumer Electronics Association Hall of
Fame, received the BAFTA Fellowship
and the Nations Restaurant News
"Innovator of the Year" award, and was
named one of Newsweek's "50 Men
Who Changed America." Bushnell has
started more than twenty companies
and is one of the founding fathers of the
video game industry. Photo: Wikipedia
26. Ann Winblad
An early Silicon Valley investor, she
and partner John Hummer co-
founded VC firm Hummer Winblad
in 1989, and certainly witnessed and
participated in some of the most
spectacular transformations in
technology from the most seminal
days. Named by BusinessWeek as
one of the Top 25 Power Brokers in
Silicon Valley. Photo: flickr.com
27. Jerry Yang
Jerry Yang co-founded Yahoo!
in 1994, while he was a
Master’s candidate at Stanford.
In fact, "Jerry and David's
Guide to the World Wide Web"
was the master’s thesis he was
working on with co-founder
David Filo. Yang served as CEO
from 2007 to 2009. He wasn’t
the company’s first CEO (that
was Tim Koogle) and was far
from being the last one, either.
In all fairness, it was Yahoo’s
investment in Alibaba under
Yang’s leadership that
ultimately saved the company.
Such as it is. Photo: Wikipedia
28. John Chambers
In 1983, Chambers
joined a startup called
Cisco. In 1995, at 46, he
assumed the role of
CEO and grew the
company from $70
million in annual
revenues to a run-rate
of approximately $40
billion in 2007. Photo:
gogovtech.com
29. Larry Ellison
Long before there was Mark
Zuckerberg, there was Oracle co-
founder and CEO (and one of the
company’s largest shareholders)
Larry Ellison demonstrating to the
world what hubris was all about.
He did manage to wrest the
company from the verge of
bankruptcy to becoming a major
player and acquirer of such
companies as PeopleSoft, Siebel
Systems, Sun Microsystems and
Net Suites, founded by former
Oracle employee Zack Nelson. An
avid yacht enthusiast, he also
helped to bring America’s Cup back
to US shores in 2010, for the first
time in 15 years. Photo:
dazeinfo.com
30. Leland Stanford
Stanford University was appropriately named
after the one-time (one-term) California
governor and robber baron/president of the
Southern Pacific Railroad, the company that
built the western part of the first
transcontinental railroad. In fact, it was
Stanford himself who presided at the
ceremonial driving of "Last Spike" in
Promontory, Utah on May 10, 1869. And
founded the university that has been
producing a fair share of tech robber barons
ever since. Photo: Wikipedia
31. Michael Dell
Founder, Dell Technologies,
which he basically started out
of his dorm room at the
University of Texas. In 1992,
aged 27, he became the
youngest CEO of a company
ranked in Fortune magazine's
list of the top 500
corporations. Note to self: he
has got a wicked good
memory.
Photo: Wikipedia
32. David Filo
The Yahoo co-founder deserves his own
spot if for only one reason: As Google
co-founder Sergey Brin recalled during
an interview at Stanford’s
Global Entrepreneurship Summit, "In the
early days when we had the little
prototype and we were shopping it
around he [Filo] said, 'Why don't you
just go out and build this thing?' They
went to Excite CEO George Bell and
offered to sell it to him for $1 million. He
rejected the offer and later criticized
Vinod Khosla, one of Excite's venture
capitalists, after he negotiated Brin and
Page down to $750,000. Photo:
Wikipedia
33. Terry Semel
The former Yahoo CEO
offered Stanford grads
Sergei Brin and Larry Page
$1B for then startup
Google. Looking for
investors. Brin and Page
wanted $3B but didn’t
want to sell. Semel refused
to propose any further
acquisition offers. In
retrospect, maybe not such
a good decision. Photo:
quotationof.com
34. Steven Levy Editor at Large, Wired, Founder and Editor
in Chief, Backchannel (launched on
Medium, acquired by Conde Nast), tech
historian and writer extraordinaire who
has penned such must-reads as Insanely
Great: The Life and Times of Macintosh,
the Computer that changed Everything,
Hackers: Heroes of the Computer
Revolution, Artificial Life : A Report from
the Frontier Where Computers Meet
Biology, In The Plex: How Google Thinks,
Works, and Shapes Our Lives and Crypto:
How the Code Rebels Beat the Government
Saving Privacy in the Digital Age. Fun fact,
according to Wikipedia: In 1978, Steven
Levy rediscovered Albert Einstein's brain in
the office of the pathologist who removed
and preserved it.Photo: LinkedIn
35. Mitch Kapor
Founder of Lotus
(acquired by IBM), co-
founder Electronic
Freedom Foundation and
founder, Kapor Capital
(@Twilio, @Uber,
@ClassDojo ,@Clever,
@Optimizely,@Formlabs)
Photo:
computerhistory.org
36. Compuserv
According to Wikipedia, CompuServe
(CompuServe Information Service,
also known as CIS) was the first major
commercial online service provider in
the U.S. It dominated during the
1980s and remained a major
influence through the mid-1990s. CIS
was known for its online chat system,
message forums covering a variety of
topics, extensive software libraries for
most computer platforms, and a
series of popular online games,
notably MegaWars III and Island of
Kesmai. It also was known for its
introduction of the GIF format for
pictures. In 1997, parent company
H&R Block decided to sell the
company. AOL had come along and,
well, video killed the radio star.
37. Steve Wilhite
Compuserv employee Wilhite was
the primary creator of the GIF file
format, which went on to become
the de facto standard for 8-bit color
images on the Internet until PNG
became a viable alternative. He
developed the GIF (Graphic
Interchange Format) in 1987. By
2016, the format had found
mainstream use in website design,
social media posts, workflow
documents and how-to guides.In
2013, he was the recipient of a
Lifetime Achievement Webby Award
in recognition of having invented the
GIF file format. His speech (which
was limited to 140 characters): It's
prounounced "jif" not "gif."
38. Prodigy
Prodigy – another early
major online service
provider, offering subscribers
access to a broad range of
networked services, including
news, weather, shopping,
bulletin boards, games, polls,
expert columns, banking,
stocks, travel, and a variety of
other features. Prodigy built
some of the web’s very first
store fronts/ecommerce
portals. Bonus points: what
was the company’s name,
before it was changed to
Prodigy? Answer is on next
slide
39. Trintex
Prodigy was founded on
February 13, 1984, as Trintex, a
joint venture between CBS,
computer manufacturer IBM,
and Sears, Roebuck and
Company. CBS left the venture
in 1986 when CBS CEO Tom
Wyman was divesting
properties outside of CBS's core
broadcasting business. The
service was launched regionally
in 1988 in Atlanta, Hartford,
and San Francisco under the
name Prodigy, which was
headquartered in White Plains,
NY. And that concludes our
Web 1.0 trivia moment.
40. Robert Metcalfe
Co-inventor of Ethernet, co-founder of
3Com. Of course, Metcalfe also famously
missed the mark with some of his
predictions:
The Open Source Movement's ideology is
utopian balderdash
After the wireless mobile bubble bursts
this year (mid 90s), we will get back to
stringing fibers ... bathrooms are still
predominantly plumbed. For more or less
the same reason, computers will stay
wired.
(Windows and Linux) are outdated
clunkers that wont be able to adequately
handle the coming of "video internet”
Then again, even a broken clock is right
twice a day, and some tech founders only
have to hit it once.
Photo: Wikipedia
Editor's Notes
Chairman, CEO, and co-founder of Apple Inc.; chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT
Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web Web while at CERN, the European Particle Physics Laboratory, in 1989. He wrote the first web client and server in 1990. His specifications of URIs, HTTP and HTML were refined as Web technology spread. He is presently working on a new decentralized platform. Let’s hope that we learned something from the first iteration and that it sticks this time.
In 1971, a computer scientist named Ray Tomlinson was facing a vexing problem: how to connect people who programmed computers with one another. At that time, each programmer was typically connected to a particular mainframe machine via a phone connection and a teletype machine—basically a keyboard with a built-in printer. But these computers weren’t connected to one another. The U.S. government sought to overcome when the problem and hired BBN Technologies, where Tomlinson worked, to help develop a network called Arpanet, forerunner of the Internet. Tomlinson’s solution: the @ sign. Photo NPR.org
The philosopher postulated long ago that some day there would be a language based purely on mathematics. Photo: mumbrella.com.au
Co-founder Steve Wozniak almost didn't join Apple. He had a job offer at HP in Oregon, and was considering taking it because he thought Apple would crash and burn. Whew! Photo: afr.com
What list could be complete without a mention of this pair, who founded their legendary company in Packard’s one-car garage in Palo Alto. Fun fact: A young Steve Jobs, then age 12, called Hewlett (whose number was in the Phone book) and requested any available parts for a frequency counter he was building. Hewlett, impressed with Jobs' gumption, offered him a summer job assembling frequency counters.
Actually, it’s Dr. Paul Mockapetris, and his claim to fame and place in history: he was the creator of Domain Name System architecture
Considered the ‘god’ of the Internet, Jonathan Bruce Postel made many significant contributions to the medium’s development. He is known principally for being the Editor of the Request for Comment (RFC) document series, and for administering the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) until his death. Photo: Wikipedia
– Yes, that Hedy Lamarr. The actress helped developed a radio guidance system for Allied torpedoes, which used spread spectrum and frequency hopping technology. It’s now incorporated into Wi-fi, Bluetooth and CDMA. No Oscar, but she did receive an Electronic Frontier Foundation Pioneer award.
Arguably the father of modern computer who foresaw a worldwide computer network long before it was built. He also funded much of the early research. Photo: es.wikipedia.org
Early computer pioneer – you can thank him for the mouse. Photo: blog.innovationjournalism.org
Tthe Palo Alto Research Center was responsible for such developments as laser printing, Ethernet, the modern personal computer, graphical user interface (GUI) and desktop paradigm, object-oriented programming, ubiquitous computing, electronic paper, amorphous silicon (a-Si) applications, and advancing very-large-scale integration (VLSI) for semiconductors. Their mistake: allowing Bill Gates and Steve Jobs in early, both of whom stole what they needed to build their products – and their empires. Show of hands? Who has heard of Apple and Microsoft? Xerox PARC?
Founded Sun Microsystems, along with now-investor and beach privacy afficionado Vinod Khosla, Bill Joy and Andy Bechtolsheim
before there was Y Combinator, there was Idealab, the first busines accelerator (1996). Howard Morgan was there, too. NOT the same Bill Gross of Fart Spray fame.
In 1975, Gates and founded Microsoft with co-founder Paul Allen, and the company became the world’s largest PC company. That’s ‘personal computer,’ btw. Gates was CEO until he stepped down in 2000, remaining as chairman full-time, before transitioning to a part-time spot to work full-time at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. We won’t even get into Common Core. As for the government’s anti-trust lawsuit against Microsoft (United States v. Microsoft, 1998) BusinessWeek reported: “Early rounds of his deposition show him offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I don't recall,' so many times that even the presiding judge had to chuckle. Worse, many of the technology chief's denials and pleas of ignorance were directly refuted by prosecutors with snippets of e-mail that Gates both sent and received.” Microsoft was found guilty of violating the Sherman Antitrust Act, and just a head’s up to Gates’ pal Mark Zuckerberg. In fact, MSFT was an early investor in Facebook. Photo: lickr.com
Co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates in 1975. According to Wikipedia, in March 2018, he was estimated to be the 44th-wealthiest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of $21.7 billion, revised at the time of his death to $20.3 billion. Photo: Seattle Times
Considered the Father of the Internet. Cerf was a manager for the United States' Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) funding various groups to develop TCP/IP technology. When the Internet began to transition to a commercial opportunity during the late 1980s, Cerf moved to MCI where he was instrumental in the development of the first commercial email system (MCI Mail) connected to the Internet. Photo: Wikipedia
Estrin worked with Vinton Cerf on the Transmission Control Protocol project at Stanford University in the 1970s. Estrin is a serial entrepreneur who co-founded eight technology companies. She was the chief technology officer of Cisco Systems from 1998 to 2000. She is currently CEO of JLABS, LLC, a privately held company focused on furthering innovation in business, government, and nonprofit organizations. Photo: YouTube
Author of the Whole Earth Catalog; founder of The WELL ("Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link"), a prototypical, wide-ranging online community for intelligent, informed participants the world over. According to The New Yorker, “In a 2005 commencement address at Stanford, Steve Jobs described the “Whole Earth Catalog” as “Google in paperback form, thirty-five years before Google came along.”
Created ARPANET protocols that are the foundation of today’s internet
Implemented the first command-line user interface shell and publishing one of the earliest research papers describing electronic mail systems. Photo: quazoo.com
ARPA director (1965-1969) who convinced ARPA to fund a computer network aka ARPA net, which gave birth to the internet. Photo: internethalloffame.org
As the inventor of Random Early Detection ("RED") active queue management scheme, she founded the field of Active Queue Management (AQM) with Van Jacobson. Almost all Internet routers use RED or something developed from it to manage network congestion. Floyd devised the now-common method of adding delay jitter to message timers to avoid synchronization. Winner, IEEE Internet Award (2005) and the ACM SIGCOMM Award (2007) for her contributions to congestion control, and in 2007 was named one of the top-ten most cited researchers in computer science.
Semiconductor pioneer who transformed Intel from a manufacturer of memory chips into one of the world's dominant producers of microprocessors
Creator of Pong and founder of both Atari, Inc. and the Chuck E. Cheese chain, Bushnell has been inducted into the Video Game Hall of Fame and the Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame, received the BAFTA Fellowship and the Nations Restaurant News "Innovator of the Year" award, and was named one of Newsweek's "50 Men Who Changed America." Bushnell has started more than twenty companies and is one of the founding fathers of the video game industry. Photo: Wikipedia
An early Silicon Valley investor, she and partner John Hummer co-founded VC firm Hummer Winblad in 1989, and certainly witnessed and participated in some of the most spectacular transformations in technology from the most seminal days. Named by BusinessWeek as one of the Top 25 Power Brokers in Silicon Valley. Photo: flickr.com
Jerry Yang co-founded Yahoo! in 1994, while he was a Master’s candidate at Stanford. In fact, "Jerry and David's Guide to the World Wide Web" was the master’s thesis he was working on with co-founder David Filo. Yang served as CEO from 2007 to 2009. He wasn’t the company’s first CEO (that was Tim Koogle) and was far from being the last one, either. In all fairness, it was Yahoo’s investment in Alibaba under Yang’s leadership that ultimately saved the company. Such as it is. Photo: Wikipedia
Photo: Wikipedia
In 1983, Chambers joined a startup called Cisco. In 1995, at 46, he assumed the role of CEO and grew the company from $70 million in annual revenues to a run-rate of approximately $40 billion in 2007. Photo: gogovtech.com
Long before there was Mark Zuckerberg, there was Oracle co-founder and CEO (and one of the company’s largest shareholders) Larry Ellison demonstrating to the world what hubris was all about. He did manage to wrest the company from the verge of bankruptcy to becoming a major player and acquirer of such companies as PeopleSoft, Siebel Systems, Sun Microsystems and Net Suites, founded by former Oracle employee Zack Nelson. An avid yacht enthusiast, he also helped to bring America’s Cup back to US shores in 2010, for the first time in 15 years. Photo: dazeinfo.com
Stanford University was now seemingly appropriately named after the one-time (one-term) California governor and robber baron/president of the Southern Pacific Railroad, the company that built the western part of the first transcontinental railroad. In fact, it was Stanford himself who presided at the ceremonial driving of "Last Spike" in Promontory, Utah on May 10, 1869. And founded the university that has been producing a fair share of tech robber barons ever since.
The former Yahoo CEO offered Stanford grads Sergei Brin and Larry Page $1B for then startup Google. Looking for investors. Brin and Page wanted $3B but didn’t want to sell. Semel refused to propose any further acquisition offers. In retrospect, maybe not such a good decision. Photo: quotationof.com
Editor at Large, Wired, Founder and Editor in Chief, Backchannel (launched on Medium, acquired by Conde Nast), writer and tech historian extraordinaire who has penned such must-reads as Insanely Great: The Life and Times of Macintosh, the Computer that changed Everything
Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution, Artificial Life : A Report from the Frontier Where Computers Meet Biology, In The Plex: How Google Thinks, Works, and Shapes Our Lives and Crypto: How the Code Rebels Beat the Government Saving Privacy in the Digital Age. Fun fact, according to Wikipedia: In 1978, Steven Levy rediscovered Albert Einstein's brain in the office of the pathologist who removed and preserved it.
Founder of Lotus (acquired by IBM), co-founder Electronic Freedom Foundation and founder, Kapor Capital (@Twilio, @Uber, @ClassDojo ,@Clever, @Optimizely,@Formlabs). Photo: computerhistory.org
According to Wikipedia, CompuServe (CompuServe Information Service, also known by its initialism CIS) was the first major commercial online service provider in the United States. It dominated during the 1980s and remained a major influence through the mid-1990s. CIS was known for its online chat system, message forums covering a variety of topics, extensive software libraries for most computer platforms, and a series of popular online games, notably MegaWars III and Island of Kesmai. It also was known for its introduction of the GIF format for pictures. In 1997, parent company H&R Block decided to sell the company. AOL had come along and well, video killed the radio star.
Compuserv employee Wilhite was the primary creator of the GIF file format, which went on to become the de facto standard for 8-bit color images on the Internet until PNG became a viable alternative. He developed the GIF (Graphic Interchange Format) in 1987. By 2016, the format had found mainstream use in website design, social media posts, workflow documents and how-to guides. In 2013, he was the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Webby Award in recognition of having invented the GIF file format. His speech (which was limited to 140 characters): It's prounounced "jif" not "gif."
Prodigy – another early major online service provider, offering subscribers access to a broad range of networked services, including news, weather, shopping, bulletin boards, games, polls, expert columns, banking, stocks, travel, and a variety of other features. Prodigy built some of the web’s very first store fronts. Bonus points: what was the company’s name, before it was changed to Prodigy? Answer is below.
Trintex
Prodigy was founded on February 13, 1984, as Trintex, a joint venture between CBS, computer manufacturer IBM, and Sears, Roebuck and Company. CBS left the venture in 1986 when CBS CEO Tom Wyman was divesting properties outside of CBS's core broadcasting business. The company's service was launched regionally in 1988 in Atlanta, Hartford, and San Francisco under the name Prodigy, which was headquartered in White Plains, NY.
Trintex
Co-inventor of Ethernet, co-founder of 3Com. Of course, Metcalfe also famously missed the mark with some of his predictions:
The Open Source Movement's ideology is utopian balderdash
After the wireless mobile bubble bursts this year (mid 90s), we will get back to stringing fibers ... bathrooms are still predominantly plumbed. For more or less the same reason, computers will stay wired.
(Windows and Linux) are outdated clunkers that wont be able to adequately handle the coming of "video internet"