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- 1. Whats the BIM Idea? Why does this happen? Project Delivery Methods ▪ Traditional Owner Contractor Architect & Engineer Sub. Sub. Sub. Sub.Sub. Design-Bid-Build Current Models Planning Design Bid Construction Occupancy Design-Bid-Build (Linear Process) CM at Risk; Design-Build
- 2. (Collaborative Process) Planning Design Construction Occupancy Current Construction Model Concept & Design Civil Struc. Mech. Elec.Plumb. Fire Prot. Arch. Construction & Operation 2-D Drawings & Specifications
- 3. Coordination / Quality RFI RFI RFI RFI RFI RFI Uncoordinated Drawings = Multiple RFI’s Why does this happen? How the subcontractor installed it How the project was Documented How the owner was billed
- 4. When it was delivered What the owner really wanted How the owner requested it How the project manager understood it How the architect designed it What the contractor bid How the marketing team described it Current AEC Process New Model Planning Design Bid Construction Occupancy Design-Bid-Build (Linear Process) CM at Risk; Design-Build (Collaborative Process) Planning
- 5. Design Construction Occupancy Planning Design Construction Occupancy CM at Risk; Design-Build + VDC/BIM Technology-Enabled Collaborative Process ( ) What Is BIM? What is BIM? Building Information Modeling
- 6. (BIM) Virtual Time Machine Integrated Project Data Data Sharing Enhanced Visualization Coordination Collision Detection Linked Parametric Information Process Collaboration Interoperability Digital Intelligent Object-Oriented Data-Rich ... all based around the concept that BIM is a process of using technology -- not just technology itself There are so many definitions!
- 7. Building Information Modeling ▪ Software simulation of design, construction, and facility operation ▪ Virtual Construction - Building it twice – Once in the computer - Once in the field. ▪ Data-Rich Computer Model - Not just an electronic drawing tool. ▪ Object-Based (not just lines) Relational Database ▪ Intelligent ‘Drawings’: Data→ Physical and Functional Characteristics. BIM = BIM: Virtual Representations ▪ A BIM is a virtual representation of the physical and functional characteristics of a facility, for good or bad. BIM: Virtual Representations Construction Model with BIM
- 8. Relational Database Civil Struc. Elec. Construction & Operation Design, Documents, & Data (3-D, 4-D, 5-D) Arch. Facility Mgmt. Fire Prot. Cost Data Mech. Plumb. Concept & Design Why does this happen?
- 9. How the subcontractor installed it How the project was Documented How the owner was billed When it was delivered What the owner really wanted How the owner requested it How the design team modeled it What the owner visualized and approved. What the contractor bid How the marketing team described it AEC Process With BIM
- 10. Influence vs Cost Curve E ff o rt Typical ‘Value’ Engineering ! Strategy Design Construction Operation 25% 75% L if e cy cl e co st Virtual Building Design Proposed Entry Definitions/Terminology (How to Speak BIM)
- 11. BIM Terminology ▪ Current state industry utilizes ▪ 2D construction document ▪ Definition: “2D refers to objects that are constructed on two planes (X and Y, height and width, row and column, etc.)” (1) ▪ Advantages ▪ Standardized ▪ Easy to construct ▪ Dimensionable ▪ Disadvantages ▪ Difficult to visualize ▪ Requires interpretation ▪ Limited usage (2D) 2D (two-dimensional) ▪ Definition: “3D modeling refers to the creation of three-dimensional objects that are defined mathematically and geometrically”
- 12. ▪ 3D (L X W X H) Project Geometry. Multiple Views ▪ Visualization & Design Assist ▪ Collision Detection & Coordination ▪ Constructibility Review ▪ Digital As-Built Record Documents ▪ Usually drawn the same way as 2D documents, so draftsmen can be productive -- just add the height dimension. BIM Terminology 3D (three-dimensional) ▪ Size, location, and intelligent attributes of all objects. ▪ Objects may be linked to each other to form a spatial relationship. ▪ From this model, floor plans, sections, elevations, and details are derived within the same software platform. ▪ Models from different disciplines may be linked together to form a federated
- 13. model. BIM Terminology 3D (three-dimensional) 2D to 3D 2D AutoCAD Drawing: HVAC 3D Model: HVAC 3D printouts used by field workers Definitions / Terms 2-D (L + W) in straight projection 3-D Image showing length, width, height 2-D CAD 3-D BIM
- 14. Mechanical / Plumbing / Sprinkler Model Structural Model Architectural Model Compiled Multi-Discipline Model 3D- Visualization Constructability / Code Approval 3D- Visualization 3D- Visualization 3D- Visualization 3D- Visualization 3D- Visualization
- 15. 3D- Visualization Definitions / Terms (3D + Time) Model & Schedule Linked • Coordinate complex sequencing & phasing issues • Evaluate site logistics needs and work flow • Discover hidden logic flaws in the schedule 4D (four-dimensional) TIME 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time
- 16. 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time 4D BIM: 3D Model + Time Definitions / Terms QTO: Window Panel Schedule Windows IsolatedWith Walls DisplayedWith Roof HiddenComposite Model •Quantity Takeoffs
- 17. • Options Analysis • Purchasing 5-D Model with quantity and cost data input and extracted. ▪ Each component in the model is tied to the Cost Estimate 5D (five-dimensional) BIM Terminology Embedded Knowledge • Quantities of all materials linked directly to databases •Data-Rich Model enables accurate quantity survey of materials • Cost implications of design changes can be understood in “real time”
- 18. 5D Design Cost Analysis Preconstruction – Version 1 52 5D BIM: 3D Model + Cost Preconstruction – Version 2 53 5D BIM: 3D Model + Cost Version 1 Version 2 Unit Unit Price Quantity Price Unit Price Quantity Price Gross Footage sf 890,000 890,000 Exterior Wall sf 330,444 241,433 Brick sf 18.00$ 247,833 4,460,994.00$ 18.00$ 181,075 3,259,345.50$ Glass sf 75.00$ 82,611 6,195,825.00$ 75.00$ 60,358 4,526,868.75$
- 19. Total 10,656,819.00$ 7,786,214.25$ 54 6D BIM: 3D Model + Asset Information • As-built Drawings • Operations & Maintenance Manuals • Manufacturer #’s, Model #’s Serial #’s • Warranty & Replacement Information • Energy Usage/Cost Simulation BIM Terminology Animation ▪ Use of 3D images to illustrate movement and/or passage of time along user- defined path BIM Terminology
- 20. Parametric ▪ Software objects that reflect the real-world behaviors and attributes of construction materials, equipment, and assemblies. ▪ Objects possess characteristics of construction materials, equipment, and assemblies and the interrelationship and interaction between them. ▪ Consistent relationships between elements as the model is manipulated. BIM Terminology Interoperability (as it relates to BIM) • The ability of Data-Rich Models to share valuable data with each other, through either import or export. BIM Terminology Collaborative BIM ▪ Model is developed collaboratively with the owner, design team, construction team, and others all contributing. Non-collaborative BIM
- 21. ▪ Model is not developed collaboratively, and the construction team must develop its own model based on the information provided by the design team in construction documents. Contractor has greater control over information in model. BIM Terminology Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) ▪ Single Model = Integrated Design ▪ Collaborative approach that brings designers, engineers, construction managers, trade workers, suppliers, and fabricators together early in the project to facilitate decision making and optimize project results. ▪ Under IDP a single model is commonly used for spatial coordination. ▪ Highlighted by the opportunity to use a different contracting vehicle – shared risk/reward. Traditional vs. Integrated Traditional Project Delivery Integrated Project Delivery Fragmented; Assembled on “just as needed” basis; Strongly hierarchical
- 22. Teams Composed of key project stakeholders; Assembled early in process; Open, collaborative Linear; Distinct; Segregated Process Early contributions of knowledge; Information openly shared; Trust; Respect Individually managed; Transferred to greatest extent possible Risk Collectively managed; Appropriately shared Individually pursued; Minimum effort for maximum returns Compensation/Reward Team success tied to project success; Value-based Paper-based; 2D Communication/Technology Digitally-based; Virtual; BIM Unilateral effort; Allocate and
- 23. transfer risk; No sharing Agreements Encourage; Foster; Promote and support multi-lateral open- sharing and collaboration; Risk sharing BIM Terminology Spatial Coordination ▪ Identification of physical interferences between objects or disciplines within the Model(s) ▪ Synonyms: Clash Detection, Interference, Collision, Conflict, Variance, Trade Coordination Spatial Coordination Designers or 3rd party 3D modelers
- 24. Subcontractors Construction Phase Architectural Design Structural Design Mechanical Shopdrawings Plumbing Shopdrawings Electrical Shopdrawings Other Shopdrawings Mechanical Model Plumbing Model Electrical Model Other Model Structural Model Architectural Model Consolidated Model Clash ReportRevision of Design Coordination
- 25. Meeting Automated Clash Detection Turner Formalized Process Short Feedback Cycles Reliable Clash Check Ensure Constructability 66 Harborview – Clash Report 67 Model Coordinator Electrical Coordinator Ductwork Coordinator Fire Sprinkler Coordinator Mech Pipe Coordinator Plumbing Coordinator
- 26. MEP Manager Spatial Coordination 69 70 Spatial Coordination 71 Spatial Coordination 72 Spatial Coordination 73 Spatial Coordination 74
- 27. Spatial Coordination 75 Spatial Coordination 76 Spatial Coordination ▪ 2D Construction Doc’s ▪ 3D Model ▪ Construction Schedule ▪ Sequence Animation ▪ Marketing Model ▪ Cost Estimate ▪ Space Plan ▪ O&M Program • 2D Construction Doc’s created through 3D Model
- 28. • Construction Schedule linked to 3D Model • Cost Estimate extracted from 3D Model • Space Plan extracted from 3D Model • O&M linked to 3D Model Is It BIM? NO YES Case Study
- 29. Geospatial Engineering BIM Benefits-Owners SI Explorer: New Google Maps Interface BIM & Facility Management 91 3D Visual Models BIM & Facility Management 92 STRI
- 30. National Zoo SERC Coordination with Master Plans BIM & Facility Management The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ Image Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc. Images Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc. Participants Owner – Jets + Giants – 99 year joint contract GC – Skanska USA Building + Civil Architect – Ewing Cole (Kansas City) Structural Engineer – Thornton Tomasetti Precast – High Concrete Steel – CanAm Steel The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ
- 31. Statistics Cost $1.3B 1.9M Square Feet 82,000 Seats 217 Box Seats 9,200 Club Seats 4x 40’x130’ Video Scoreboards 21,938 Tons of Steel 13,841 Steel Pieces 3200 Precast Pieces http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/5f/TRANSITPLAZA .jpg Innovation Drivers Delivery pressure due to aggressive sports schedule Limited on-site storage -Very Large Pieces -“Just In Time” Delivery. Pick from truck and place into structure
- 32. Need to coordinate production schedule across entire supply chain Quality control critical to erection schedule Dave Campbell Vice President, Corporate Director - SimCon Skanska USA Robust Production Management = Reliability Internet TabletPC with RFID Reader Manufactured1 RFID Tag 2 Ready to ship RFID Tag Received on Site3 RFID Tag
- 33. Erected4 RFID Tag VelaSystems Servers (Vela Hosting Facility) Reports Factory Jobsite Building Information Model Tag Tracking Precast Components RFID Reader RFID Tag Tag Tag Scanning Tag Scanning
- 34. Information Entry Vela Systems Sync Buttons Building Information Model Status Information Visual Reporting Estimated cost and time benefit: Gain of 10 days on project schedule @ $100,000/day benefit = $1.0M savings Meadowlands Benefits Real-time supply chain information; visibility into the status of pre-cast concrete components Creating real-time communication and collaboration between key stakeholders and suppliers
- 35. Increasing accuracy by eliminating cumbersome, error-prone paper-based processes Dave Campbell Vice President, Corporate Director - SimCon Skanska USA The New Meadowlands Stadium East Rutherford, NJ Image Courtesy of Skanska USA Building, Inc. Residential BIM The Next Big Thing! Computational/Parametric Design Reality Capture
- 36. Design to Fabrication Labor Deliverables Contracts Fee Structures Risk Rapid Prototype Printing Field Mobility Leverage of Mobile Apps Data Driven Productivity ??? Profit Driven Analytics
- 37. Cloud Driven Transformations http://www.bluebeam.com/ Design & Modeling Software Software for REBE Students https://www.sketchup.com/ https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/revit https://www.chiefarchitect.com/academic/ Software for REBE Students How do you get all this goodness? Sketchup – Academic Link- $55 Revit – Academic Link - Free Chief Architect - Academic Link – Free Spring Quarter Only Procore – Training Link – Email Request [email protected] Smart Sheets - Email Request [email protected] Bluebeam - Email Request [email protected] On Screen Takeoff - Email Request [email protected] Competition Team Only (CTO)
- 38. RS Means Online – Free Trail Link - Email Request [email protected] (CTO) Powerproject – Email Request [email protected] (CTO) https://www.sketchup.com/plans-and-pricing#for-higher- education https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/revit https://www.chiefarchitect.com/academic/ https://www.procore.com/certification mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] https://www.rsmeans.com/free-trial.aspx mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] History of the Built Environment • For personal use • Shelters • Rituals Neolithic Period – 10,000 BC to 2000 BC Neolithic Period • Local materials and labor • Primitive means and methods
- 39. • Unskilled craft • Organized design and construction Copper and Bronze Age – 3,300 BC to 700 BC • Egyptians o Professional labor, respected o Drawings on clay tablets o Primitive technology o Slave labor Copper and Bronze Age • Greeks – 800 BC to 146 BC o Stone columns and lintels o Pulleys, jibs and cranes o Survey skills o Recognition of the architect o Skilled labor Romans - 753 BC to 1453 AD • 100 ton cranes • Advanced building technologies
- 40. • Trade guilds • Slaves • Speed of construction • Social and economic drivers • Organization of Labor • Hydraulic lime mortar • Concrete • Arches • Infrastructure Romans Dark Ages – Western Europe - 500 to 1500 AD • Loss of knowledge • Loss of organized labor • Religion as a unifying labor element • Defensive • Feudal
- 41. Byzantine – 330 to 1453 AD • Influences from outside Western Europe • Religious Architecture • Massive masonry construction Medieval – 5th to 15th Century • Brick, stone • Master crafts with apprenticeship • Paid, skilled labor • Fortifications and religious buildings Medieval • drawings on parchment or tracing floor • Pile driver around 1500 • Tall spaces,
- 42. • Thin walls, • Flying buttresses Romanesque – 6th to 10th century • Barrels and arches • Tall spaces • Master crafts with apprenticeship • Small openings • Massive structures Gothic - 11th to 15th century • Tall spaces, large openings • Church as patron • Master crafts with apprenticeship • Flying Buttresses • Delicate structures • Water powered timber mills • Fired bricks, standards for size
- 43. • Early use of iron • Rebirth of Architect, classical design • Guilds of paid craftsmen • Patrons from the mercantile class The Renaissance – 14th to 16th century Renaissance Age of the Architect as Master • Leonardo Da Vinci • Michelangelo • Bramante • Palladio • Form, balance, symmetry • Rebirth of the classics Renaissance Architect as Master Builder – Brunelleschi
- 44. • Architect-Clock maker • Largest masonry dome • Integrated approach to design and construction • Form, balance, symmetry The Duomo – 1436 Brunelleschi Baroque – 16th century Architecture of Excess • Expressing the triumph of the Catholic church and the absolute State • Borromini • Bernini Age of Enlightenment • 17th century o Christopher Wren “If anyone calls, I’m designing St. Paul’s”
- 45. o Plate glass o Plumb bob o squares o level o drafting compass The New Democracy • 18th century o Cast/wrought Iron hangers, columns, machine cut nails o Imported materials o Water power o Thomas Jefferson, Monticello o Federal Style o L’ Enphant and the plan for the city of Washington 19th century o Steel, o Transportation
- 46. o Engines o Large capital projects o Arts and Crafts o City of Denver - 1858 AIA 1857 – elevates the profession o 1889 – Louise Bethune, 1st woman architect in AIA o 1888 Standardized contracts o University of Denver 1864 Industrial Revolution • Mass production • Decorative architecture • Steel wire • Bessemer steel • Engineering • AGC 1918 20th century - divergence • Skyscrapers • Curtain wall • Life Safety Codes • Age of Associations
- 47. • Separation of Services • Spearin Doctrine • Unions • Davis Bacon • Job Safety • Adversarial relationships • CAD Notable 20th C. Architecture • Falling Waters • The Empire State Building • The Seagram’s Building • Sydney Opera House • Bauhaus • Modernism • Post Modernism • De-constructivism 21st C. Architecture • Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, Thom Mayne • China, Middle East as hotspots • Sustainability • Materials sciences • Intelligent Buildings • Virtual Design and Construction
- 48. The Design and Construction industry has fallen behind all other industries except agriculture in its investment in and implementation of technology NIBS 21st c. (just getting there) Tools of the trade Stick in the dirt CAD to BIM to VDC T Square, mylar, plastic leads, Sepias, wash-off’s Etch-a-sketch, graphite Ink on linen Lead on parchment Design Evolution Scratches on slate Tools of the Trade Kneaded Erasers
- 49. Blueprints Labor Intensive Blue Lines - Reproduced Early CAD Black Lines - Printed Visualization, Problem Solving Tools Building Models with Intelligent Information BIM/Virtual Design and Construction • Commissioning • Operations • Maintenance • Disaster planning • Asset management
- 50. • Facility management • Big Data • Work Plan • Site logistics • Field mobility • Quality assurance • Quality control • Fabrication • Automation • Constructability • Coordination • Quantity take-off • Scheduling • Safety Planning • Execution Plans • Level of Detail • Visualizations • Analytics • Plans/Specs Leverage of Mobile Apps
- 51. Burns School of Real Estate & Construction Management CMGT 2300 - CMGT 4320 Architectural Planning & Design Management How an Architect thinks. How Architecture Can Impact Society? https://romneymanassa.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/how- architecture-can-impact-society/ https://romneymanassa.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/how- architecture-can-impact-society/ Design as a communication tool • Draw how you make toast https://www.ted.com/talks/tom_wujec_got_a_wicked_problem_f irst_tell_me_how_you_make_toast https://www.ted.com/talks/tom_wujec_got_a_wicked_problem_f irst_tell_me_how_you_make_toast Good or Bad Design?
- 52. Architecture… a lofty vocation • Roots in the Master Builder and the Renaissance – The notion of “Doing it All” – Brunelleschi (1377-1446) • The GREAT Dome of the Florence Cathedral • The father of Renaissance architecture • The enduring Romance of architecture is based on the Renaissance ideals of commitment to making the world more livable by developing the arenas in which human dramas play out—literally that the human condition can be improved by good design. • Architectural Determinism (philosophy): – “We architects are destined to improve human behavior and well being through good design.” How Architects Think
- 53. How Architects Think • Highly educated • Trained in problem solving • Guided by history, codes and standards • Aesthetics are important • Spatial relationships • Physiological and social considerations • Considers Art & Technology • Altruistic motivators • Noble profession Good or Bad Design? How Engineers Think • Highly educated • Trained in pragmatic problem solving • Performance is important
- 54. • Guided by Codes and Standards • Many Disciplines • Mechanical • Electrical • Structural • Civil • Specialty Good or Bad Design? Understanding the Role of the Designer • Make something from nothing • Integrator of programmatic information • Articulate architectural vision • Conceptualization • Strategic thinker Design Activity
- 55. Design Outcome Internal Influences Intra-discipline Influences External Influences Understanding the Role of the Architect • Validating architecture against the requirements and assumptions • Technical and artistic solutions • Models, drawings, specifications • Political Thinker • Confident of Owners The process of design is iterative in nature
- 56. 13 Design $Cost$ Must maintain balance between design and cost throughout the design-build process Understanding the Role of the Architect Cost Good or Bad Design? Good or Bad Design? 16 Two Distinct Functions Construction Process - Sequential Design Process - Integrative Clock Like
- 57. Cloud Like Schedule Based Solution Based 17 Systems Thinking Approach Cost Time Quality Design FunctionScope Performance Understanding That These Dials are Connected
- 58. Good or Bad Design? How Should You Think About Architecture? • Understanding of Architecture’s place in history • Impact on the built environment • Societal Impacts • Culture • Economic drivers • Motivators • Use, repurpose, retirement • First cost vs. total cost of ownership • Vision
- 59. How does design affect behavior? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkYZcGSBxUM&app=deskt op https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkYZcGSBxUM&app=deskt op Architecture Math / Design Principles Science / Materials Art /
- 60. Aesthetics History / Urban Context Sociology / Culture Psychology / User Needs Geography / Environment Finance / Management Engineering / Technology Engineering / Construction
- 61. Multiple Fields & Influences http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.amrinc.co m/Associations/133/data/images/home/350/People Picture.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wellmedclinicalresearch.net/ homeright.asp?id=&o_n=&aid=133&Category=General&usg=__ sxhxUaag9guPcTBhQLQzEigB06o=&h=1650&w=1275&sz=174 &hl=en&start=51&tbnid=Q8kf- CfvDG52sM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=116&prev=/images?q=people+o f+the+world&gbv=2&ndsp=18&hl=en&sa=N&start=36 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.amrinc.co m/Associations/133/data/images/home/350/People Picture.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wellmedclinicalresearch.net/ homeright.asp?id=&o_n=&aid=133&Category=General&usg=__ sxhxUaag9guPcTBhQLQzEigB06o=&h=1650&w=1275&sz=174 &hl=en&start=51&tbnid=Q8kf- CfvDG52sM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=116&prev=/images?q=people+o f+the+world&gbv=2&ndsp=18&hl=en&sa=N&start=36 http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pixdaus.co m/pics/Ne2ar9ABLhlYUnqYiZ.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pixd aus.com/index.php?pageno=3&tag=usa&sort=tag&usg=__AWCh HavMRoyQO0Rklxee2t2G7Qw=&h=587&w=900&sz=127&hl=e n&start=40&tbnid=t5HING7KOH8oEM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=146& prev=/images?q=urban+landscape&gbv=2&ndsp=18&hl=en&sa =N&start=36
- 67. Architecture Great Architecture Psychological Well Being Optimum Function Balanced Aesthetics Sound Construction Factors Affecting Architecture Urban Context
- 68. Culture / User Needs Environment Owner Requirements: Goal, Scope, Budget, Time Contract Agreement The quantity or value of any given element depends on the weight given to each factor Vitruvius’ Triad of Successful Buildings
- 69. Delight Aesthetics, Art, Beauty Firmness Structure, Strength, Durability Utility Function, Accommodation, Meeting Needs Future of Architecture The Next Architect takes a fresh book at our fast-evolving profession, starting with the proposition that everyone is an architect, both enables and empowered to help shape tomorrow’s world. Architects may assure each other of their own importance, but society has
- 70. come to view architecture as a luxury it can do without. This recognition becomes an occasion to rethink architecture and its value from the very core. Integrated Design Approach Integrated Design Approach Good or Bad Design? NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BUILDING SCIENCES
- 71. WBDG Whole Building Design Guide The Role of Buildings • The Case for Whole Building Design – Buildings are deceptively complex. At their best, they connect us with the past and represent the greatest legacy for the future. They provide shelter, encourage productivity, embody our culture, and certainly play an important part in life on the planet. – The role of buildings is constantly changing. – Buildings today are life support systems, communication and data
- 72. terminals, centers of education, justice, and community, and so much more. – They are incredibly expensive to build and maintain and must constantly be adjusted to function effectively over their life cycle. – The economics of building has become as complex as its design. Project Success – Design Perspective • Design Objectives • Each design objective described herein is significantly important, yet it is just one aspect of what it takes to achieve a successful project.
- 73. • A truly successful project is one where project goals are identified early on and where the interdependencies of all building systems are coordinated concurrently from the planning and programming phase. • WBDG design objectives: 1. Accessible 2. Aesthetics 3. Cost Effective 4. Functional/Operational 5. Historic Preservation 6. Productive 7. Secure/Safe 8. Sustainable
- 74. 1. Accessible • Pertains to building elements, heights and clearances implemented to address the specific needs of disabled people. • Related topics: – Equal Access and Flexibility – History of Accessible Facility Design – Beyond Accessibility to Universal Design http://www.wbdg.org/design/equal_access.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/accessible_history.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/plan_flexibility.php 2. Aesthetics
- 75. • Pertains to the physical appearance and image of building elements and spaces as well as the integrated design process. • Related topics: – Understanding the Language and Elements of Design – Engage the Integrated Design Process – Design Awards http://www.wbdg.org/design/respect_design.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/engage_process.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/design_awards.php 3. Cost-Effective • Pertains to selecting building elements on the basis of life-cycle costs (weighing options during concepts, design development, and value
- 76. engineering) as well as basic cost estimating and budget control. • Related topics: • Utilize Cost Management Throughout the Planning, Design, and Development Process • Use Economic Analysis to Evaluate Design Alternatives • Consider Non-Monetary Benefits such as Aesthetics, Historic Preservation, Security, and Safety http://www.wbdg.org/design/utilize_management.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/use_analysis.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/consider_benefits.php
- 77. 4. Functional / Operational • Pertains to functional programming—spatial needs and requirements, system performance as well as durability and efficient maintenance of building elements. • Related topics: • Account for Functional Needs • Ensure Appropriate Product/Systems Integration • Meet Performance Objectives http://www.wbdg.org/design/account_spatial.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/ensure_integration.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/meet_performance.php 5. Historic Preservation
- 78. • Pertains to specific actions within a historic district or affecting a historic building whereby building elements and strategies are classifiable into one of the four approaches: – preservation, – rehabilitation, – restoration, or – reconstruction. • Related topics: – Apply the Preservation Process Successfully – Update Building Systems Appropriately – Accommodate Life Safety and Security Needs – Provide Accessibility for Historic Buildings
- 79. http://www.wbdg.org/design/apply_process.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/update_systems.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/accommodate_needs.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/comply_requirements.php 6. Productive • Pertains to occupants' well-being—physical and psychological comfort—including building elements such as air distribution, lighting, workspaces, systems, and technology. • Related topics: – Integrate Technological Tools – Assure Reliable Systems and Spaces – Design for the Changing Workplace – Promote Health and Well-Being
- 80. – Provide Comfortable Environments http://www.wbdg.org/design/integrate_tools.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/assure_spaces.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/design_change.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/promote_health.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/provide_comfort.php 8. Secure / Safe • Pertains to the physical protection of occupants and assets from man-made and natural hazards. • Related topics: – Fire Protection – Occupant Safety and Health – Natural Hazards and Security – Security for Building Occupants and Assets http://www.wbdg.org/design/fire_protection.php
- 81. http://www.wbdg.org/design/ensure_health.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/resist_hazards.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/provide_security.php *. Sustainable • Pertains to environmental performance of building elements and strategies. • Related topics: – Optimize Site Potential – Optimize Energy Use – Protect and Conserve Water – Use Greener Materials – Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) – Optimize Operational and Maintenance Practices http://www.wbdg.org/design/site_potential.php
- 82. http://www.wbdg.org/design/minimize_consumption.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/conserve_water.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/env_preferable_products.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/ieq.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/optimize_om.php Building Types • Ammunition & Explosive Magazines • Archives & Record Storage Building • Armories • Aviation • Community Services • Educational Facilities • Federal Courthouse • Health Care Facilities
- 83. • Land Port of Entry • Libraries • Office Building • Parking Facilities • Research Facilities • Unaccompanied Personnel Housing (Barracks) • Warehouse http://www.wbdg.org/design/ammo_magazines.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/archives_records.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/armories.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/aviation.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/communityservices.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/educational.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/federal_courthouse.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/health_care.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/land_port.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/libraries.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/office.php
- 84. http://www.wbdg.org/design/parking.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/research.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/barracks.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/warehouse.php Functional Space Types • Atrium • Auditorium • Automated Data Processing: Mainframe • Automated Data Processing: PC System • Child Care • Clinic / Health Unit • Conference / Classroom • Courthouse: Courtroom • Courthouse: Enhanced Office
- 85. • Courthouse: Judicial Chamber • Firing Range • Food Service • General Storage • Hearing Room • Joint Use Retail • Light Industrial • Laboratory: Dry • Laboratory: Wet • Library • Loading Dock • Lobby
- 86. • Mail Center • Office • Parking: Basement • Parking: Outside / Structured • Parking: Surface • Physical Fitness (Exercise Room) • Place of Worship • Plaza • Private Toilet • Warehouse http://www.wbdg.org/design/atrium.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/auditorium.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/adp_mainframe.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/adp_pcsystem.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/childcare.php
- 88. http://www.wbdg.org/design/warehouse_st.php Design Disciplines • Every building project has a unique set of program goals and technical requirements that demand assembling all the stakeholders and a team of professionals in various design disciplines. • Each design discipline has a different set of skills, professional standards, and issues that drive how they operate in the building process. • Traditionally, many disciplines provide a specialized technical service that is not always well coordinated with other aspects of the project. • 'Whole building,' or integrated, design as a process requires the various
- 89. stakeholders and disciplines to coordinate and interact as early as possible in the process, and throughout the life cycle of the project to achieve a holistic solution that may yield multiple benefits. http://www.wbdg.org/wbdg_approach.php http://www.wbdg.org/resources/lcca.php Design Disciplines • Information Technologies Engineering • Interior Design • Landscape Architecture • Lighting Design • Planning
- 90. • Plumbing Engineering • Structural Engineering • Architecture • Architectural Programming • Commissioning Authority • Cost Estimating • Electrical Engineering • Fire Protection Engineering • HVAC and Refrigerating Engineering http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_infotecheng.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_interiordsgn.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_landscapearch.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_lightingdsgn.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_planning.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_plumbingeng.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_structeng.php
- 91. http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_architecture.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_archprogramming.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_ca.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_costest.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_electricaleng.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_fireprotecteng.php http://www.wbdg.org/design/dd_hvaceng.php Thinking Like an Architect First Stage of Design Programming • State the problem; • Establish goals; • Collect and analyze facts; • Establish functional relationships;
- 92. • Uncover and test concepts; • And finally state the problem to direct a course of action. Not a Linear Process Steps to Design Thinking Systems Approach Set Based Design A collaborative team approach to design
- 93. Several Ideas Design/Ris k Sets Hybrid Design Design Selected DOES INTEGRATED DESIGN & PROJECT DELIVERY MATTER? Cost-Influence Through
- 94. the Process Influence vs Cost Curve E ff o rt Typical ‘Value’ Engineering ! Strategy Design Construction Operation 25% 75% L if e cy cl
- 95. e co st Virtual Building Design Proposed Entry Silo Work Environment Designer Contractor Subcontractor Designs intent Determines means & methods Details &
- 96. executes means and methods Owner Figure 2.1 Collaborative Work Environment Figure 2.2 New Ways to Measure Success
- 97. Example – The Workplace • The OMG Factor • The Cost of Dis-Engagement - $550 billion/year Design Improves Engagement Why great architecture should tell a story https://www.ted.com/talks/ole_scheeren_why_great_architecture _should_tell_a_story https://www.ted.com/talks/ole_scheeren_why_great_architecture _should_tell_a_story Good or Bad Design?
- 98. Class this week Attend either Software Tips & Tricks/Q&A sessions and write up your three takeaways. • Wednesday, May 13th Lab - Sketchup, Chris Brasher • Thursday, May 14th Class - Chief Architect, Prof. Holt If you attend and write up both, and I will double your points. Bluebeam University • https://www.bluebeam.com/training/bluebeam-university https://www.bluebeam.com/training/bluebeam-university
- 99. The Business of Architecture 8 Business Drivers in Design and Construction Design Management / Copyright 2012 DBIA all rights reserved Cost Quality Design Value Dispute Resolution Risk / Reward Scope Creep Time
- 100. 9 Business Drivers in Design and Construction Insurance Labor Marketing New Business Development Fees Technology Contracts 10 The Business of Architects and Engineers
- 101. Designers sell Professional Services • Skills, Talent, Intellect, Experience • Services typically priced hourly • Hourly rates include a multiplier to account for overhead, downtime, marketing, training, profit, etc. • Key concept: “Billable Hours” 11 Require little or no capital to start-up • Typically do not have much equity at risk • Cash flow is paramount to survival • Relationships • Skillset
- 102. • Market The Business of Architects and Engineers 12 Motivators • Design reputation • Peer recognition • Intellectual satisfaction • Societal impact • Profit (may be compromised to achieve other goals) The Business of Architects and Engineers
- 103. 13 Size & Structure vary widely • Small or Large • Public or Private • Sole-Proprietorships, Partnerships, Corporations • A variety of design & engineering disciplines • Studio or office The Business of Architects and Engineers 14 Professional Liability Insurance • Performance of services to a Standard of Care (Not a promise of perfection)
- 104. • Insured for negligent errors or omissions of significant magnitude • Not typically insured for minor errors (which do occur) The Business of Architects and Engineers 15 Design Management / Copyright 2012 DBIA all rights reserved Risk for Designers • Next Project • Cash flow • Talent • Profitability • Make enough to keep the lights on • Professional Standing • Must maintain a license to practice
- 105. The Business of Architects and Engineers 16 Business Drivers in Design-Build Design Management / Copyright 2012 DBIA all rights reserved Risk for Designers ▪ In qualifications based: cost of marketing ▪ In alternate project delivery such as Design Build Primary risk is to fee at the beginning of the project Risk to professional reputation Risk is the cost of design
- 106. Business Drivers in Design-Build Firm Focus ▪ Generalist ▪ Specialty o Master Planning o Historic preservation o Security o Federal o Food Service o Other o Aviation o Sports o Religious o Institutional o Healthcare o Higher Education o K-12 o Residential o Hospitality
- 107. o Transportation o Commercial o Multifamily o Justice o Correctional o Industrial o Military o Retail o Interiors The Practice of Architecture Design is a complex intellectual process. Motivating creative people is even more complex.
- 108. Intrinsic: The nature of the work itself. Creative expression. Extrinsic: Money. Professional Recognition. Awards, Praise, Appreciation. Personal Individual values. Self discipline. Interpersonal Creative collaboration with other individuals. Mutual respect and accountability. The Practice of Design - Motivators
- 109. The Practice of Architecture #1 – Get work #2 – Produce the work #3 – Get paid #4 - Avoid getting sued #5 – Win Awards #6 - Be profitable #7 – Repeat #1 Getting the Work • Qualification based • Reputation • Relationships
- 110. • New Business Development • Competition • Fee • Team Design Fees • How do you establish the appropriate level of fees for the work? • Percent of the Cost of Construction • Complexity of the Work • Duration • Square foot cost • Size
- 111. • Fee Guides Fees Building cost based on 2009 figures Fees Building cost based on 2009 figures How is job billed against the fee? • Billable hours • Labor Cost times multiplier • Multiplier covers overhead and profit
- 112. Range of Services • Baseline Services • Standard Services • Comprehensive Services *Reference Appendix to Fees – Three-Tier Scope of Services document First Rule You Get What You Pay For! 28 1.00.70.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.50.5
- 113. When there are no variables and basic services only are required Applying Fee Adjustment Factors Slide up or down the scale depending on the variables associated with the project 29 Variables Affecting Architect’s Fee • Scope of services needed • Building complexity and type of construction • Project delivery method (e.g. DB = multiple bid packages) • Project schedule and fast tracking • Project documentation and computer modeling • Specialist consultants • Approvals and authorities having jurisdiction • Submittals required • New technologies
- 114. • Construction administration services • Project location and site conditions • Renovation of existing buildings • Repeat work or repetitive designs • Architect’s personnel • Demobilization and remobilization (start & stop) • Phased occupancy Fee Adjustment Factors 30 Building Complexity • Simple Design – Utilitarian character without complication of design, a minimum of finishes and very basic structural, mechanical, and electrical design
- 115. • Average Design – Conventional and common character requiring normal and routine coordination, detailing, structural, mechanical and electrical designs and systems • Complex Design – Exceptional character and complexity of design requiring more advanced or innovative systems and more extensive coordination of structural, mechanical and electrical design 31 Fee Calculation Worksheet (Sample) Plus reimbursable
- 116. direct expenses •Travel •Reproduction •Shipping costs •Modeling •Etc. How will re-design work be handled? 32 Distribution of Fee PHASE PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL FEE
- 117. Schematic design 12 – 25% Design development 12 – 25% Construction documents 35 – 45% Bidding and negotiation 2.5 – 6.5% Contract administration during construction 25 – 35% With new forms of project design and documentation such as BIM, more documentation and design is done in the early phase. Typical allocation of the fee in BIM projects is Schematic Design 25%,
- 118. Design Development 25% and Construction Documents 25%. Percentage of Effort – How is the Fee Spent? • Schematic Design 15% • Design Development 35% • Contract Documents 25% • Bidding 0% • Contract Administration 25% Design BuildTraditional • Schematic Design 15% • Design Development 20% • Contract Documents 40%
- 119. • Bidding 5% • Contract Administration 20% 100%100% Use a quasi-formal selection process to identify best team members Gather firms committed to a common teaming
- 120. agreement and competitive fees Have ethical business practices and sufficient production capacity Maximize the likelihood of making the short list Assemble the design team based on the Owner’s needs Be
- 121. professionally compatible with other team members The Design Team 36 Design & Pricing Before Contract Award • Selecting your architect – Pre-qualify just like sub-contractors • MUST have compatible cultures • MUST understand your Project Delivery process • MUST be willing to co-locate/work online
- 122. • MUST understand budget, schedule constraints • MUST have qualifications & good reputation • MUST have staffing capabilities 37 Put it all in Perspective • Architect (or Engineer) – Holds all the cards regarding design – Small $$$ investment for the client (0.1 to 0.01% of life cycle cost for owning and operating a facility) – Design has HUGH impact on
- 123. project performance for years • Contractor – Holds stewardship of the clients money – Larger $$$ investment for the client (approx. 1%) – Contractor has HUGH opportunity to influence design 38 3838 Putting Together the Team • Pre-qualify firms
- 124. • Hand pick individual team members • Not just looking for technical skills • Must have right attitude & affective talents • Need individuals who can & will advocate for the project and commit to the design-build process Specialty Design Consultants Site/Civil Engineering Structural Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Landscape Architecture Interior Design Geotechnical Engineering Food Service
- 125. Sustainable Design LEED Compliance Audio-Visual IT / Communications Cost Estimating Value Engineering Traffic Engineering Facility Operations Safety & Security BIM Theater Design Lighting Design Parking Building Envelope Vertical Transportation Fountain/Pool Design Cultural Advisors Historic Preservation Graphic Design Permitting Specialists Anti-Terrorist Protection Acoustics Electromagnetic interference Design-Build Advisors The Design Team
- 126. Pass Through Fees for Engineering Services The Practice of Architecture • Contracts • The Phases of Design • Specifications • Insurance • Human Resources • Marketing • New Business Development • Quality Assurance
- 127. Contracts • AIA • Consensus • DBIA • EJCDC • Other • Modifications • Families AIA Contract Document Families • AIA Contract Documents are divided into nine families based on project type or delivery method.
- 128. • Documents in each family provide a consistent structure and text base to support the major relationships on a design and construction project. • Understanding AIA document families will help you select the most appropriate standard forms for your project. TABLE OF ARTICLES 1 INITIAL INFORMATION 2 ARCHITECT’S RESPONSIBILITIES 3 SCOPE OF ARCHITECT’S BASIC SERVICES 4 ADDITIONAL SERVICES 5 OWNER’S RESPONSIBILITIES 6 COST OF THE WORK 7 COPYRIGHTS AND LICENSES 8 CLAIMS AND DISPUTES 9 TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION 10 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 11 COMPENSATION 12 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS 13 SCOPE OF THE AGREEMENT
- 129. AIA Family of Contracts DOCUMENT FAMILIES TYPE OF PROJECT DESCRIPTION SIZE Conventional (A201) Family A101, A101SP, A102, A103, A107, A121, A201, A201SP, A221, A401, A401SP, A503, A521, A701, B101, B101SP, B102, B103, B103SP, B104, B106, B107, B108, B109, B121, B144ARCH-CM, B201, B202, B203, B204, B205, B206, B207, B209, B210, B211, B212, B214, B221, B252, B253, B503, B509, C101, C401, C401SP, C421, C422, C727 and D503 When the owner's project is divided into separate contracts for design (with the architect) and construction (with one or more
- 130. contractors), it may be appropriate to use the A201 family. This is the most commonly used family of documents because it is suitable for the conventional delivery approach of design-bid- build. Small to large projects http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/referencematerial/aiab099119 AIA Family of Contracts Construction Manager as Constructor (CMc) Family A133, A133SP, A134, A134SP and B133 When the owner's project employs a construction manager who will complete the construction and also provide construction management services, use of the CMc family may
- 131. be appropriate. Under the Construction Manager as Constructor (CMc) approach, the functions of contractor and construction manager are merged and assigned to one entity that may or may not give a guaranteed maximum price, but which typically assumes control over the construction work by direct contracts with the subcontractors. Small to large private sector projects Design-Build Family A141, A142, A441, B142, B143, C141, C441, G704DB and G744 The Design-Build family is used where the project delivery method is design- build. In design-build project delivery, the owner enters into a contract with a
- 132. design-builder who is obligated to design and construct the project. The design-builder then enters into contracts with architects and construction contractors, as needed http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/referencematerial/aiab099121 http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/referencematerial/aiab099122 Percentage of Design Pre-Design -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% Design Design/Draw-Build 35% Design or Greater Preliminary Design Design-Build
- 133. 20% -35% Design Criteria Design-Build 5% - 20% Direct Sole-Source Selection -10% - 5% Qualifications Emphasis Technical & Price Emphasis Low Price Emphasis CRITERIA DOCUMENTS Describes End Result
- 134. BRIDGING DOCUMENTS Prescribes How To Achieve End Result Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents Programming Design Factors – Are you inside the head of your designers? ▪ Building Size ▪ Building Height ▪ Story Height
- 135. ▪ Space Utilization and Efficiency ▪ Finish Selection ▪ Aesthetics ▪ Functionality ▪ Performance or Prescriptive ▪ Perception ▪ Social ▪ Professional recognition ▪ Market position ▪ Schedule The Phases of Design
- 136. ▪ Conceptual Design/Programming ▪ Schematic Design ▪ Design Development ▪ Construction Documents ▪ Bidding ▪ Contract Administration The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.1 The Architect’s Basic Services consist of those described in Article 3 and include usual and customary structural, mechanical, and electrical engineering services. Services not set forth in this Article 3 are Additional Services.
- 137. The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.2 SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE SERVICES • § 3.2.1 The Architect shall review the program and other information furnished by the Owner, and shall review laws, codes, and regulations applicable to the Architect’s services. The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.2 SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE SERVICES • § 3.2.2 The Architect shall prepare a preliminary evaluation of the Owner’s program, schedule, budget for the Cost of the Work, Project site, and the proposed procurement or delivery method and other Initial Information, each in terms of the other, to ascertain the
- 138. requirements of the Project. The Architect shall notify the Owner of (1) any inconsistencies discovered in the information, and (2) other information or consulting services that may be reasonably needed for the Project. The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.2 SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE SERVICES • § 3.2.3 The Architect shall present its preliminary evaluation to the Owner and shall discuss with the Owner alternative approaches to design and construction of the Project, including the feasibility of incorporating environmentally responsible design approaches. • The Architect shall reach an understanding with the Owner regarding the requirements of the Project.
- 139. The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.2 SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE SERVICES • § 3.2.4 Based on the Project’s requirements agreed upon with the Owner, the Architect shall prepare and present for the Owner’s approval a preliminary design illustrating the scale and relationship of the Project components. The Phases of Design – Schematic Design • § 3.2 SCHEMATIC DESIGN PHASE SERVICES • § 3.2.6 The Architect shall submit to the Owner an estimate of the Cost of the
- 140. Work prepared in accordance with Section 6.3. • § 3.2.7 The Architect shall submit the Schematic Design Documents to the Owner, and request the Owner’s approval. Schematic Design Deliverables • Plans Sections, Elevations, renderings and models describing the design concepts for the project, including materials, organization, massing, and character. The Schematic Design is intended to set the design direction for the project Phases of Design – Design Development • § 3.3 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT PHASE SERVICES
- 141. • § 3.3.1 Based on the Owner’s approval of the Schematic Design Documents, and on the Owner’s authorization of any adjustments in the Project requirements and the budget for the Cost of the Work, the Architect shall prepare Design Development Documents for the Owner’s approval. Phases of Design – Design Development • § 3.3 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT PHASE SERVICES • The Design Development Documents shall illustrate and describe the development of the approved Schematic Design Documents and shall consist of drawings and other documents including plans, sections, elevations, typical construction details, and diagrammatic layouts of building systems to fix and describe the size and character of the
- 142. Project as to architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical systems, and such other elements as may be appropriate. • The Design Development Documents shall also include outline specifications that identify major materials and systems and establish in general their quality levels. Phases of Design – Design Development • § 3.3.2 The Architect shall update the estimate of the Cost of the Work. • § 3.3.3 The Architect shall submit the Design Development Documents to the Owner, advise the Owner of any adjustments to the estimate of the Cost of the Work, and request the Owner’s approval. Phases of Design – Contract Documents
- 143. • § 3.4 CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS PHASE SERVICES • § 3.4.1 Based on the Owner’s approval of the Design Development Documents, and on the Owner’s authorization of any adjustments in the Project requirements and the budget for the Cost of the Work, the Architect shall prepare Construction Documents for the Owner’s approval. • The Construction Documents shall illustrate and describe the further development of the approved Design Development Documents and shall consist of Drawings and Specifications setting forth in detail the quality levels of materials and systems and other requirements for the construction of the Work. Phases of Design – Contract Documents
- 144. • § 3.4 CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS PHASE SERVICES • The Owner and Architect acknowledge that in order to construct the Work the Contractor will provide additional information, including Shop Drawings, Product Data, Samples and other similar submittals, which the Architect shall review in accordance with Section 3.6.4. Phases of Design – Contract Documents • § 3.4.3 During the development of the Construction Documents, the Architect shall assist the Owner in the development and preparation of • (1) bidding and procurement information that describes the time, place and conditions of bidding, including bidding or proposal forms;
- 145. • (2) the form of agreement between the Owner and Contractor; and • (3) the Conditions of the Contract for Construction (General, Supplementary and other Conditions). The Architect shall also compile a project manual that includes the Conditions of the Contract for Construction and Specifications and may include bidding requirements and sample forms Phases of Design - Bidding • § 3.5 BIDDING OR NEGOTIATION PHASE SERVICES • § 3.5.1 GENERAL • The Architect shall assist the Owner in establishing a list of prospective contractors. Following the Owner’s approval of the Construction Documents, the Architect shall assist the Owner in (1) obtaining either competitive bids or negotiated proposals; (2)
- 146. confirming responsiveness of bids or proposals; (3) determining the successful bid or proposal, if any; and, (4) awarding and preparing contracts for construction. Contract Administration • § 3.6 CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES • § 3.6.1 GENERAL • § 3.6.1.1 The Architect shall provide administration of the Contract between the Owner and the Contractor as set forth below and in AIA Document A201™–2007, General Conditions of the Contract for Construction. If the Owner and Contractor modify AIA Document A201–2007, those modifications shall not affect the Architect’s services under this Agreement unless the Owner and the Architect amend this Agreement.
- 147. Contract Administration • § 3.6 CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES • § 3.6.1 GENERAL • § 3.6.1.2 The Architect shall advise and consult with the Owner during the Construction Phase Services. The Architect shall have authority to act on behalf of the Owner only to the extent provided in this Agreement. • The Architect shall not have control over, charge of, or responsibility for the construction means, methods, techniques, sequences or procedures, or for safety precautions and programs in connection with the Work, nor shall the Architect be responsible for the Contractor’s failure to perform the Work in accordance with the requirements of the Contract Documents.
- 148. • The Architect shall be responsible for the Architect’s negligent acts or omissions, but shall not have control over or charge of, and shall not be responsible for, acts or omissions of the Contractor or of any other persons or entities performing portions of the Work. Contract Administration • § 3.6 CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES • § 3.6.1 GENERAL • § 3.6.1.3 Subject to Section 4.3, the Architect’s responsibility to provide Construction Phase Services commences with the award of the Contract for Construction and terminates on the date the Architect issues the final Certificate for Payment.
- 149. Landscape Architecture Interior Design Detailed Cost Estimate Value Analysis Telecom Security Post Occupancy Evaluation LEED Fast Track delivery Additional Services Programming Multiple Designs Measured Drawings Surveys Site Evaluation BIM Civil Engineering Commissioning Historic Preservation
- 150. 70 Progressive Estimating Throughout Design Concept Program Schematic CD'sDD's Construction Feasibility Estimate Program Estimate or Cost Model 50% Schematic Estimate 100% Schematic Estimate 50% DD Estimate 100% DD Estimate (Could be GMP) CD Estimate - GMP
- 151. Specifications • The Project manuals that describe the prescriptive or performance characteristics of the building systems • Prescriptive and performance requirements • Codes and Standards • Quality • Materials • Architectural/Structural/Civil Specifications • Interiors Specifications • Roofing & Waterproofing Specifications • Engineering Specifications • Structural/Civil/Landscape Specifications • Structural Specifications • Site Civil Specifications • Landscape Architecture Specifications
- 152. • Mechanical/Electrical Specifications • Mechanical Specifications • Electrical Specifications • Communications Specifications Insurance • Professional liability insurance (PLI), also called professional indemnity insurance (PII) but more commonly known as errors & omissions (E&O) in the US, is a form of liability insurance that helps protect professional advice- and service-providing individuals and companies from bearing the full cost of defending against a negligence claim made by a client, and damages awarded in such a civil lawsuit. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liability_insurance http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negligence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_lawsuit
- 153. Human Resources • Strength of firm is based on talent of people • Administrative • Interns • Job Captains • Project Managers • Principals • Specialists Marketing and Business Development • Publications • Awards
- 154. • Awareness • Word of Mouth • Target markets The Architect and Ethics Architects and Engineers are Licensed Professionals ▪ Their highest charge is protecting the Health, Safety & Welfare of the people who use the facilities we design. ▪ Must provide services to a Professional Standard of Care. ▪ Must meet a Code of Ethics when providing services.
- 155. Behavior and Culture – Best Practice ▪ Establishing, nurturing and celebrating a relationship of TRUST and professional respect among all team members and parties to the contract Wellington E Webb Office Building Design Builder – Hensel Phelps Architect – Tryba Architects Ethics Architects have a professional and ethical responsibility to protect the health, safety and welfare of the public, regardless of the Project Delivery method Desert Sands Larimer County Justice Center San Jose International Airport Design Builder – Hensel Phelps
- 156. Architect – Fentress Architects Ethics Architects have a professional and ethical responsibility to represent the client’s interests, including the need to provide prudent design guidance to the owner (customer) and integrating those interests within the obligations of the project delivery contract Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center Robert and Beverly Lewis Outpatient Pavilion gkkworks Professionalism & Ethics ▪ What’s good for one is good for the team ▪ No hidden agendas
- 157. ▪ Design-Builder’s right to expect a fair profit ▪ Owner’s right to expect a quality product ▪ Design-Builder’s obligation to assist Owner who may not be knowledgeable about Design-Build CMGT 2300-4320 Architectural Planning & Design Management The value that design brings to the built environment. Spring 2020
- 158. What is Design? Instructor • Instructor: Professor Eric Holt, PhD. • Office & Hours: Online. –Tuesday, Thurs 2 pm -3 pm Online, or by appointment. • Phone: 720-955-7385 • E-mail: [email protected] Building Construction Management More than a Lumber Store http://www.city.west-lafayette.in.us/home.html
- 159. • Name? • Major/Minor? • Where are you in your college/industry career? • Design Experience? Upcoming Student Competitions Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA) Design Build Construction Competition Spring Team Organization
- 160. Fall Competition – September through November Dr. Barb Jackson– Lead Coach - [email protected] https://www.dbia.org/Pages/2017-National-Student-Design- Build-Competition.aspx Associated School of Construction (ASC) • Commercial Construction Competition • Bluebeam ASC Video • Fall – Team Organization • Competition February 5-8, 2020 – Reno Nevada • Professor Daniel Trujillo – Lead Coach - [email protected] Upcoming Student Competitions http://www.asc67.org/
- 161. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYsPqBSsjYY&feature=you tu.be • National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) • Land Development/High Production Home Builder Competition • NAHB Student Competition Promo Video • Fall team working on the project now • Must be around the first two weeks of Christmas break • International Builders Show – Las Vegas, Jan 19-24, 2020 • Professor Eric Holt – Lead Coach – [email protected] Upcoming Student Competitions https://www.nahb.org/en/industry-professionals/student- chapters/residential-construction-management-competition.aspx https://bcove.video/2MHIrGj https://buildersshow.com/Home
- 162. • Solar Decathlon • Net Zero House Design & Build Competition • Starts Fall 2019 through Fall 2020 • Professor Eric Holt – Lead Coach – [email protected] Upcoming Student Competitions https://www.solardecathlon.gov/ • NAIOP – Rocky Mountain Real Estate Challenge • Land Development & Commercial Real Estate Competition • Competition Promo Video • Fall team forming to work on the project • Professor Drew Mueller– Lead Coach – [email protected] Upcoming Student Competitions https://www.naiop-colorado.org/Real-Estate-Challenge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=poie8j4I2ow
- 163. Design & Modeling Software Software for REBE Students https://www.sketchup.com/ https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/revit https://www.chiefarchitect.com/academic/ Project Management Software Software for REBE Students https://www.procore.com/ https://www.smartsheet.com/solutions/construction Construction Document Management Software Software for REBE Students https://www.bluebeam.com/
- 164. Takeoff & Estimating Software Software for REBE Students https://www.bluebeam.com/solutions/takeoffs https://www.oncenter.com/products/on-screen-takeoff https://www.rsmeansonline.com/ Scheduling Software Software for REBE Students https://www.smartsheet.com/solutions/construction https://projectintegration.net/ Software for REBE Students How do you get all this goodness? Sketchup – Academic Link- $55 Revit – Academic Link
- 165. Chief Architect - Academic Link - $95 Procore – Training Link – Email Request [email protected] Smart Sheets - Email Request [email protected] Bluebeam - Email Request [email protected] On Screen Takeoff - Email Request [email protected] Competition Team Only (CTO) RS Means Online – Free Trail Link - Email Request [email protected] (CTO) Powerproject – Email Request [email protected] (CTO) https://www.sketchup.com/plans-and-pricing#for-higher- education https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/revit https://www.chiefarchitect.com/academic/ https://www.procore.com/certification mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] mailto:[email protected] https://www.rsmeans.com/free-trial.aspx mailto:[email protected]edu
- 166. mailto:[email protected] What is the Built Environment? • How does it impact your life? • How do you impact it? • Who designs it and who creates it? What is the Built Environment? • Anything that is NOT the natural environment • It is at the core of a civilized society • Impacts how and where people live and congregate – Housing and shelter – Commerce and trade – Manufacturing and industry
- 167. – Education and health care – Entertainment and recreation – Government and civic activities – Energy and transportation Lifecycle of the Built Environment Sustainability from a Triple Bottom Line Perspective • Economic Performance – Must be financially sustainable • Example – Provide a revenue stream to support growth and development • Environmental Performance
- 168. – Must be environmentally sustainable • Example – Meet energy savings and LEED standards to reduce carbon emissions • Social Performance – Must be socially sustainable • Examples – Provide job opportunities for the community Value Generation How is design related to the BE? Who does Design? What Defines Good or Bad Design?
- 169. Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design?
- 170. Good or bad design? Good or bad design? http://imgur.com/gallery/cB0Pdyk Good or bad design? Just because you see it publicized, doesn’t mean it’s good design. Good or bad design? Just because you see it publicized, doesn’t mean it’s good design.
- 171. Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? Good or bad design? http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-23930675 Master Builder
- 172. & Master Architect • da Vinci • Michelangelo • Bernichelli Architects • Consultant • Experts • Sub Trades Engineers • Consultant • Experts
- 173. • Sub Trades Construction • Consultant • Experts • Sub Trades Chaos & War! • Contract push risk onto other. • Rewards lowest cost provider. • No Master Architect. • No Master Builder. • Lost of Litigation. • Construction War. Integrated