Period 6-Nick Bromley-Athletes and Drugs

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The document discusses the issue of drug use among athletes and argues that it should be cracked down upon. It notes that drugs provide unfair advantages, hurt athletes' health, and damage the image of sports. It outlines the types of drugs commonly used, including performance-enhancing drugs, therapeutic drugs, and recreational drugs. The document also examines the factors influencing athletes' drug use and the effects of different types of drugs. It advocates for prevention through drug testing and education programs.

Athletes and Drugs Nick Bromley English 4 Magnet

Brief Introduction Major issues in sports today - Unfair Advantages that are gained - Serious health issues to elite athletes - Media Attention/Role Model Image Goes against the ethical principles of sporting competition Highly spread among athletes

My Stance on the Issue I am completely against the use of drugs by athletes in any sport whether an American Sport or International Sport such as the Olympic Events. Thesis: Drug use is a major issue in sports and needs to be cracked down upon because they are giving players unfair advantages, hurting the athletes’ own health, and are damaging the image of role models and their sport itself.

Drugs Commonly Used Therapeutic Drugs - Over-the-Counter, diuretics, beta-blockers, etc. Performance-Enhancing Drugs - Amphetamines, ephedrine, caffeine, anabolic steroids, growth hormones, etc. Typical Drugs - Alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, etc.

Brief History Ancient Civilizations - Mushrooms, herbs, liquor 19 th Century - Alcohol, caffeine, nitroglycerine, opium, strychnine, trimethyl World War II - Amphetamines, testosterone

Athletes’ Influence The belief that their fellow competitors take them Determination to Win Pressure from coaches and peers Community attitudes and expectations Financial Rewards Media Influence Belief of enhanced performance

Therapeutic Drug Effects Sports used in: Boxing, Wrestling, Judo, Shooters, Ski Jumpers, Archery Rapid Weight Loss Dehydration Hypotension Muscle cramps Electrolyte Imbalance Negative effect on endurance Overall Negative Impact on Performance

Performance-Enhancing Drug Effects Sports used in: Baseball, football, track and field, sprinting, weight lifting, hockey Unfair Effects -delay fatigue -increase alertness -enhance speed -power -endurance -concentration -increase in muscle mass -decrease in fat mass Health Effects -vomiting -abdominal pain -cardiac damage -acne -infertility -heart attacks -high blood pressure -cancer -tendon rupture -baldness -delayed growth -enlargement of heart

Typical Drugs of Misuse Alcohol -Most common -Negative impact on reaction time, hand-eye coordination, balance, strength. Excessive heat production and dehydration. Cocaine -Minimal effect on performance -Increases alertness -Increase risk of injury

Typical Drug Misuse (cont.) Marijuana -Most frequent illegal drug used in the U.S. -Initial use starts in high school -Male athletes have higher occurrence of this drug than non-athletic peers (opposite for females) Nicotine -Majority use in the form of smokeless tobacco -Greater amount of male athletes use this over females -52% of baseball players and 26% of varsity football players use smokeless tobacco in a California Survey taken in the early 1990’s

Prevention Drug Testing -Common in amateur and professional sports -65% of college athletes agree to testing -37% agreed that positive test results should result in disqualification of their sport -67% of college athletes believe that drug testing decreases drug use

Drug Programs Administered by leagues and associations (NBA, NFL,NCAA, NHL, MLB, etc.) Keys to successful drug programs: -exclusion of all involved participants -reliable and sensitive testing program -consistent discipline -evaluation of effectiveness -confidentiality -early prevention

Some Obstacles Most drugs are not prescribed Athletes see easy success Easy access to drugs Doctors not monitoring side effects

Summary Athletes and drug use dates back to ancient times Several factors as to why athletes use drugs Types of drugs used range from performance-enhancing, therapeutic, and typical Programs are in place to help prevent drug use in sports

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Shopaholics experience anxiety, depression, and use shopping to fill an inner void or achieve a perfect image, which often leads to financial problems and debt. Approximately one in twenty people struggle with compulsive shopping, with nine out of ten being women, and as many as seventeen million Americans meet the criteria. Shopaholics seek help from professionals to learn self-discipline and gain control over their habits, and there are programs like Shopaholics Anonymous and books like "Confessions of a Shopaholic" that provide support and resources.

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period 2 Roderah ThompsonShopaholic

Period 6-Nick Bromley-Athletes and Drugs

1. Athletes and Drugs Nick Bromley English 4 Magnet

2. Brief Introduction Major issues in sports today - Unfair Advantages that are gained - Serious health issues to elite athletes - Media Attention/Role Model Image Goes against the ethical principles of sporting competition Highly spread among athletes

3. My Stance on the Issue I am completely against the use of drugs by athletes in any sport whether an American Sport or International Sport such as the Olympic Events. Thesis: Drug use is a major issue in sports and needs to be cracked down upon because they are giving players unfair advantages, hurting the athletes’ own health, and are damaging the image of role models and their sport itself.

4. Drugs Commonly Used Therapeutic Drugs - Over-the-Counter, diuretics, beta-blockers, etc. Performance-Enhancing Drugs - Amphetamines, ephedrine, caffeine, anabolic steroids, growth hormones, etc. Typical Drugs - Alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, etc.

5. Brief History Ancient Civilizations - Mushrooms, herbs, liquor 19 th Century - Alcohol, caffeine, nitroglycerine, opium, strychnine, trimethyl World War II - Amphetamines, testosterone

6. Athletes’ Influence The belief that their fellow competitors take them Determination to Win Pressure from coaches and peers Community attitudes and expectations Financial Rewards Media Influence Belief of enhanced performance

7. Therapeutic Drug Effects Sports used in: Boxing, Wrestling, Judo, Shooters, Ski Jumpers, Archery Rapid Weight Loss Dehydration Hypotension Muscle cramps Electrolyte Imbalance Negative effect on endurance Overall Negative Impact on Performance

8. Performance-Enhancing Drug Effects Sports used in: Baseball, football, track and field, sprinting, weight lifting, hockey Unfair Effects -delay fatigue -increase alertness -enhance speed -power -endurance -concentration -increase in muscle mass -decrease in fat mass Health Effects -vomiting -abdominal pain -cardiac damage -acne -infertility -heart attacks -high blood pressure -cancer -tendon rupture -baldness -delayed growth -enlargement of heart

9. Typical Drugs of Misuse Alcohol -Most common -Negative impact on reaction time, hand-eye coordination, balance, strength. Excessive heat production and dehydration. Cocaine -Minimal effect on performance -Increases alertness -Increase risk of injury

10. Typical Drug Misuse (cont.) Marijuana -Most frequent illegal drug used in the U.S. -Initial use starts in high school -Male athletes have higher occurrence of this drug than non-athletic peers (opposite for females) Nicotine -Majority use in the form of smokeless tobacco -Greater amount of male athletes use this over females -52% of baseball players and 26% of varsity football players use smokeless tobacco in a California Survey taken in the early 1990’s

11. Prevention Drug Testing -Common in amateur and professional sports -65% of college athletes agree to testing -37% agreed that positive test results should result in disqualification of their sport -67% of college athletes believe that drug testing decreases drug use

12. Drug Programs Administered by leagues and associations (NBA, NFL,NCAA, NHL, MLB, etc.) Keys to successful drug programs: -exclusion of all involved participants -reliable and sensitive testing program -consistent discipline -evaluation of effectiveness -confidentiality -early prevention

13. Some Obstacles Most drugs are not prescribed Athletes see easy success Easy access to drugs Doctors not monitoring side effects

14. Summary Athletes and drug use dates back to ancient times Several factors as to why athletes use drugs Types of drugs used range from performance-enhancing, therapeutic, and typical Programs are in place to help prevent drug use in sports

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Period 6-Nick Bromley-Athletes and Drugs

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