Use apostrophes, capital letters, colons, commas, exclamation points, hyphens, periods, question marks, and quotation marks correctly in writing. Each punctuation mark has specific rules for its use, such as using apostrophes to form contractions and possessives, capitalizing proper nouns and the first word of sentences, and placing commas between independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions. Punctuation helps clarify meaning and ensure readers comprehend the writer's intended message.
This document provides rules for using commas correctly in sentences. It discusses six main rules:
1. Use commas to separate independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions.
2. Use commas in a series of three or more items.
3. Use commas after introductory phrases.
4. Use commas to set off nonessential clauses and phrases.
5. Use commas to set off a person's name when directly addressed.
6. Use a comma between two adjectives when they are interchangeable.
The document gives examples for each rule and exercises for the reader to practice applying the rules.
Accurate use of punctuation is a foremost need of communication; However, for business communication the need arises much more than usual. These are the rules of punctuation marks which you must apply in order to use punctuation accurately. Each and every sign is included in it, if not, then let me know.
This document provides rules and guidelines for using apostrophes, colons, commas, and dashes in writing. It discusses 12 rules for using apostrophes, including showing possession and omitting letters in contractions. It outlines 6 rules for using colons, such as introducing a list after a complete sentence. It then details 21 rules for comma usage covering serial lists, adjectives, names, dates, locations, and separating clauses. Finally, it defines en dashes and em dashes and their uses, such as indicating time periods or adding emphasis.
The document discusses prepositions and provides examples of the prepositions "to", "up", and "off". It explains that prepositions show the relationship between two things and can indicate location, timing, or direction. Specifically, it states that "to" can indicate direction or purpose, "up" indicates direction away from the ground, and "off" indicates direction away from an original place. Examples are given for each preposition to illustrate its meaning and usage.
The document discusses various punctuation marks and their rules and usage. It covers periods, question marks, exclamation points, commas, semicolons, colons, dashes, hyphens, parentheses, and brackets. For each punctuation mark, it provides examples of how and when to use them, including in sentences, quotations, dates, addresses, numbers, and more. The document serves as a guide to proper punctuation usage.
This document discusses various punctuation marks including semicolons, colons, hyphens, apostrophes, and quotation marks. It explains the rules for using each punctuation mark and provides examples. For instance, it notes that a colon can be used to introduce a list or a long quotation. The document also includes a practice section where readers are asked to add the proper punctuation in blanks.
This English lesson covers punctuation rules for 9th grade students. It discusses the proper use of commas, semicolons, apostrophes, quotation marks, hyphens, parentheses, capital letters, full stops, exclamation points, and question marks. Examples are provided to illustrate when to use each punctuation mark correctly in sentences. The lesson concludes by listing references used to develop the material presented.
The definite article "the" is used before nouns that are specific or defined. There are a few key uses of the definite article:
1) Before singular and plural nouns that are unique, such as "the Earth" or refer to an entire class, such as "the whale" representing all whales.
2) When the noun is previously mentioned or modified by additional information like "the girl in the blue dress."
3) With superlative adjectives or ordinals like "the tallest building."
The definite article is also used with names of languages, dances, newspapers, and geographical areas and directions.
The document discusses the use of hyphens in English to join words and avoid confusion. It outlines seven main functions of hyphens: 1) in compound numbers and fractions, 2) with compound nouns, 3) with coequal nouns, 4) with compound modifiers, 5) in phrases used as modifiers, 6) with prefixes and suffixes, and 7) to avoid awkward letter combinations that could cause confusion. Hyphen guidelines are provided for each function, such as using hyphens for compound numbers like twenty-one and compound modifiers preceding nouns like middle-class family.
The document provides guidance on writing good paragraphs by outlining the typical structure of paragraphs and the writing process. It explains that paragraphs generally have three parts: a topic sentence, supporting details, and a closing sentence. It then describes each part and gives examples. Finally, it outlines the steps to take in prewriting, writing, editing, and publishing paragraphs, with specific guidance and tips provided for each stage.
This document provides pronunciation practice and guidance for common pronunciation errors made by Vietnamese English language learners. It identifies 15 common error types involving vowels and consonant sounds. For each error type, it provides examples of minimal pairs to distinguish the sounds, and sentences for practice. The purpose is to help learners improve their pronunciation accuracy of sounds that are unfamiliar in Vietnamese.
This document discusses punctuation marks and their uses. It explains that punctuation marks, also known as end marks, come at the end of sentences and indicate when to stop. The main end marks are periods, question marks, and exclamation points. Periods are used for statements and commands, question marks for questions, and exclamation points to show excitement or strong feelings. Other punctuation covered includes commas, colons, semicolons, dashes, quotation marks, and parentheses.
This document provides an overview of the main punctuation marks used in English including the period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, colon, semicolon, dash, hyphen, brackets, apostrophe, quotation marks, and ellipsis. It explains how to use each punctuation mark, categorizing them into groups such as sentence endings, commas and colons, and dashes and hyphens. For each punctuation mark, examples are given of proper usage to denote sentence structure, pauses, emphasis, and more. Mastering these punctuation marks is important for strong, professional writing.
This document discusses subordinating conjunctions. It defines subordinating conjunctions as words used to join a dependent clause to an independent clause. It provides a list of 20 common subordinating conjunctions and examples of how they are used in sentences. Students are directed to practice filling in blanks with appropriate conjunctions and creating their own sentences using subordinating conjunctions.
The document provides 10 rules for using commas in sentences. It explains how to use commas to separate items in a series, with adjectives, dates, locations, interrupting phrases, beginning weak clauses, and nonessential descriptions. The rules also cover setting off questions and statements with commas.
This document discusses the 10 most common punctuation marks in English:
1. Period, question mark, and exclamation point, which are used at the end of declarative, interrogative, and exclamatory sentences.
2. Comma, which is used to separate elements in a list, indicate direct address, and join two independent clauses.
3. Semicolon, which represents a longer pause than a comma and can join two independent clauses or items in a list containing commas.
4. Colon, which introduces a list, explanation, or quotation.
5. Quotation marks, which enclose exact words from a speaker or a quotation.
This document discusses the eight parts of speech in English: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. It provides definitions and examples for each part of speech. Nouns name people, places, things, ideas or events. Pronouns are used in place of nouns. Verbs show actions or states of being. Adjectives describe nouns. Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. Prepositions show relationships between nouns and other words. Conjunctions join words, phrases or clauses. Interjections express strong emotions.
This document discusses contractions in English and provides examples of how to form contractions using common words. It explains that a contraction is formed by combining two words and shortening them, usually by removing letters and replacing them with an apostrophe. Some key points covered include:
- There are about 70 common contractions in English.
- Contractions are usually formed by removing two letters like "she'll" from "she will".
- Contractions with "I" and "am" form "I'm" by removing the "a".
- Contractions with "is", "are", "will", "not", "have", "had", and "has" follow patterns of removing letters and using an apostrophe.
The English language is filled with words that sound the same (homophones), but have different spellings and meanings. This powerpoint has a guessing game, writing activity, and speaking activity.
The document discusses punctuation marks and their proper usage in writing. It covers periods, question marks, exclamation points, commas, semicolons, colons, dashes, hyphens, quotation marks, parentheses, underscores, and apostrophes. For each punctuation mark, it provides objectives and guidelines for using them correctly with examples. The purpose is to help readers interpret ideas and inquiries precisely and to develop strong mechanics of writing.
The document discusses the importance of punctuation in writing. It provides examples of run-on sentences without proper punctuation and corrected versions with punctuation. The document then outlines 4 activities for students: 1) defining punctuation marks, 2) analyzing examples with and without punctuation, 3) presentations on punctuation marks, and 4) exercises identifying correctly punctuated sentences and inserting missing punctuation. The activities aim to help students better understand punctuation and how it impacts clarity.
Punctuation marks include periods, question marks, and exclamation points. Periods are used at the end of declarative and imperative sentences and abbreviations. They are also used in outlines and when writing numbers. Question marks go at the end of interrogative sentences. Exclamation points are used at the end of exclamatory sentences and after interjections to show emotion.
Punctuation marks are used to separate groups of meaning, convey variations in speech, and avoid ambiguity. The document then lists and describes various punctuation marks including periods, commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, parentheses, colons, semicolons, dashes, ellipses, exclamation points, hyphens, question marks, and slashes. It provides examples of how each mark is used in writing.
Do your pupils struggle to use punctuation accurately? Our eBook helps children to learn about the different types of punctuation and how to use them. The accompanying activity sheets and display resources also encourage them to use perfect punctuation every time!
Punctuation allows writing to be easily readable by indicating pauses, separating items in a list, and showing emphasis. The document discusses the rules and uses of various punctuation marks including periods, commas, question marks, exclamation points, quotation marks, colons, parentheses, and apostrophes. Examples are provided to illustrate proper punctuation for complete sentences, lists, dates, locations, questions, excitement, quotations, introductions, clarifications, and possessives. Readers are given a practice test to apply punctuation rules to fill in missing marks.
This document provides guidelines for proper punctuation usage, including commas, semicolons, colons, apostrophes and quotation marks. It also covers capitalization rules and number formatting. Key guidelines include rules for comma usage, using semicolons to join independent clauses or for lists with internal commas, and using colons to introduce examples or lists.
This document discusses various punctuation marks and how to use them properly. It covers periods, commas, question marks, exclamation points, colons, semicolons, quotation marks, apostrophes, hyphens, dashes, brackets, and capital letters. For each punctuation mark, it provides examples of proper usage and explains the purpose or meaning conveyed. The goal is to teach the reader how to structure and organize writing using punctuation.
This document provides an overview and examples of different grammar concepts including parts of speech, prepositions, verbs/adverbs, gerunds, sentence structure, conjunctions, commas, appositives, parenthetical phrases, passive/active voice, and colons. It includes examples and exercises for students to identify these concepts. Key information and examples are provided for each grammar topic to help students learn.
This document provides information on various punctuation marks used in English writing. It discusses the proper uses of the period, comma, question mark, exclamation point, colon, semicolon, hyphen, dash, apostrophe, ellipses, parentheses, and brackets. For each punctuation mark, it provides examples of how and when to use them correctly in sentences.
The document provides definitions and examples of common English idioms and phrases. It explains the meaning of sayings like "actions speak louder than words", "beggars can't be choosers", and "let bygones be bygones". Examples are given to illustrate how each idiom is used in context. The document also touches briefly on parts of speech, sentence structure, and types of literature.
1. The document provides guidance on common punctuation errors, including placing punctuation at the end of sentences, doubling up punctuation marks, and knowing basic punctuation rules.
2. Specific tips are given for punctuation usage with quotations, parentheses, capitalization, commas, apostrophes, colons, semicolons, dashes, hyphens and ellipses.
3. The document emphasizes applying punctuation rules appropriately for grammar and avoiding overuse or misuse of certain punctuation marks like parentheses, dashes and ellipses in formal writing.
The document discusses various parts of speech and grammar concepts. It defines nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, and other parts of speech. It also explains sentence structure, including subjects and predicates. Additionally, it provides examples of different types of sentences such as declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences. Finally, the document discusses common sayings and phrases like "actions speak louder than words" and explains their meanings.
The document provides an overview of parts of speech and grammar concepts. It defines eight main parts of speech - nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, and interjections. It also discusses subjects and predicates as the two main parts of a sentence. Additionally, it explains different types of sentences such as declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences and how they are punctuated. Finally, common sayings and phrases are defined through examples to illustrate their meanings.
We use punctuation for several reasons: to separate groups of meaning, convey variations in speech, and avoid ambiguity. The document then defines and provides examples of common punctuation marks including periods, commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, parentheses, colons, semicolons, hyphens, brackets, dashes, ellipses, exclamation points, and question marks. It explains the various uses of each mark to clarify meaning and properly structure written language.
The document provides guidance on using various punctuation marks in English writing. It discusses the proper use of periods, commas, semicolons, hyphens, dashes, apostrophes, question marks, exclamation marks, slashes, backslashes, and quotation marks. For each punctuation mark, it provides examples of correct usage and guidelines for incorporating them into sentences.
The document provides definitions and examples of common sayings and phrases called idioms. It explains the meanings of idioms like "actions speak louder than words", "beggars can't be choosers", "let bygones be bygones", "look before you leap", and "his bark is worse than his bite" through short examples. It also directs students to work with a partner and find additional sayings and phrases in their textbook.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation on parts of speech, focusing on nouns and pronouns. It defines nouns as words that name people, places, things, or ideas. It discusses different types of nouns such as common and proper nouns, singular and plural nouns, concrete and abstract nouns, and compound nouns. It also covers collective nouns. The document then defines pronouns as words used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. It discusses different types of pronouns such as personal, demonstrative, interrogative, indefinite, and relative pronouns. Exercises are included for students to identify and classify different nouns and pronouns.
This document provides an overview of common punctuation marks, including periods, question marks, commas, semicolons, colons, exclamation points, apostrophes, and quotation marks. It explains the typical uses of each punctuation mark and provides examples. It also includes practice problems for the reader to apply their understanding of punctuation.
The apostrophe has three main uses: 1) to form possessives, 2) to show contractions, and 3) to form some plural forms. It is used to create possessive forms for singular and plural nouns, especially person names. When forming possessives of plural nouns, the plural is formed first before adding the apostrophe. Contractions allow blending of sounds by omitting letters from verb constructions, with the apostrophe showing the omission. The apostrophe is also used to form plurals of digits and letters.
The apostrophe has three main uses: 1) to form possessives, 2) to show contractions, and 3) to form some plural forms. It is used to create possessive forms for singular and plural nouns, especially people's names. When forming possessives of plural nouns, the plural is formed first before adding the apostrophe. Contractions allow blending of sounds by omitting letters from verb constructions, with the apostrophe showing what is left out. The apostrophe is also used to form plurals of digits and letters.
The document lists the names of 5 authors: Rina Bell Abraham, Roma Caguimbal, Cristine Pearl de Castro, Eloisa Marie Marasigan, and Tom Christopher Parma. It then expresses gratitude to publishers and others for their support of the book "English Grammar in Progress".
Punctuation marks are used in writing to separate words into sentences, clauses, and phrases to clarify meaning. The document provides examples of the most commonly used punctuation marks - the period, question mark, comma, semicolon, colon, exclamation point, and apostrophe - and explains their typical uses. It also discusses some useful spelling rules, such as rules regarding words ending in "v", the placement of "i" and "e", forming plurals, dropping or keeping silent "e"s, doubling consonants, words containing "q", and adding prefixes.
This document provides an overview of common punctuation marks used in writing English, including periods, question marks, commas, semicolons, colons, exclamation points, apostrophes, and quotation marks. For each punctuation mark, the document explains the typical uses and provides examples. It also includes practice problems for the reader to apply punctuation rules.
The document provides 5 rules for capitalization, punctuation, articles, text-speak, and commonly confused words when writing. It explains that names, days, months, and the pronoun "I" should be capitalized. Sentences require ending punctuation and contractions use apostrophes. Definite articles like "the" refer to specific things, while indefinite "a" or "an" do not. Text-speak like "k" for "okay" should be avoided, and words like "than" and "then" can be confused if not used properly.
This is an introduction to Google Productivity Tools for office and personal use in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on Saturday 13 and Sunday 14 July 2024. The PDF talks about various Google services like Google search, Google maps, Android OS, YouTube, and desktop applications.
How to Use Pre Init hook in Odoo 17 -Odoo 17 SlidesCeline George
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Codeavour 5.0 International Impact Report - The Biggest International AI, Cod...Codeavour International
Unlocking potential across borders! 🌍✨ Discover the transformative journey of Codeavour 5.0 International, where young innovators from over 60 countries converged to pioneer solutions in AI, Coding, Robotics, and AR-VR. Through hands-on learning and mentorship, 57 teams emerged victorious, showcasing projects aligned with UN SDGs. 🚀
Codeavour 5.0 International empowered students from 800 schools worldwide to tackle pressing global challenges, from bustling cities to remote villages. With participation exceeding 5,000 students, this year's competition fostered creativity and critical thinking among the next generation of changemakers. Projects ranged from AI-driven healthcare innovations to sustainable agriculture solutions, each addressing local and global issues with technological prowess.
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As Codeavour continues to expand its global footprint, it not only celebrates technological innovation but also cultivates a spirit of collaboration and compassion. These young minds are not just coding; they are reshaping our world with creativity and resilience, laying the groundwork for a sustainable and inclusive future. Together, they inspire us to believe in the limitless possibilities of innovation and the profound impact of young voices united by a common goal.
Read the full impact report to learn more about the Codeavour 5.0 International.
Plato and Aristotle's Views on Poetry by V.Jesinthal Maryjessintv
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ByWater Solutions, a leader in open-source library software, will discuss the future of open-source AI Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAGs). Discover how these cutting-edge technologies can transform information access and management in special libraries. Dive into the open-source world, where transparency and collaboration drive innovation, and learn how these can enhance the precision and efficiency of information retrieval.
This session will highlight practical applications and showcase how open-source solutions can empower your library's growth.
3. 1. Apostrophe
Apostrophes are used in three different ways:
i. in possessive nouns
ii. in contractions
iii. to make letters, signs, symbols, and numbers plural
Possessive Nouns.
“To possess” means “to own.” So possessive nouns
show ownership.
A. Singular Possessive Nouns.
Add „s to make any singular noun Possessive.
e.g.
The bird‟s wings were green and blue.
Monica‟s hat blew across the street.
4. B. Plural Possessive Nouns.
If the last letter of a plural noun is s, just add an
apostrophe to make the noun possessive.
If the last letter of a plural noun is not s, add „s to
make the noun possessive.
Plural nouns that Possessive forms
end with the letter s (add just an apostrophe)
babies babies‟
teachers teaches‟
girls girls‟
Plural nouns that don‟t Plural possessive forms
end with the letter s (add „s)
children children‟s
geese geese‟s
men men‟s
5. Contractions.
Use an apostrophe in a contraction to show where
the missing letter or letters used to be.
“To contract means to shorten.” The two words being
contracted are usually
a pronoun + a verb (I + will= I‟ll) or
a verb + “not” (did + not= didn‟t).
common contractions.
can‟t=cannot she‟ ll=she will
doesn‟t=does not we‟d=we would/had
he‟s=he is we‟re=we are
I‟d=I would/had we‟ve=we have
mightn‟t=might not would‟ve=would have
needn‟t=need not you‟re=you are
6. Use apostrophe to make letters, numbers, symbols
signs, and punctuation marks plural.
Sometimes when you are writing, you have to
make something plural that isn‟t a word.
Add „s to make a letter plural.
e.g.
Your a‟s look just like your u‟s because you don‟t
close the tops.
Her handwriting is weird. She dots her e‟s and
crosses her b‟s.
Add „s or just s to make a number or a decade plural.
with an apostrophe:
e.g. In the late 1960‟s, American astronauts went to
the moon.
Does your phone number have 4‟s or three?
7. without an apostrophe:
In the late 1990s, people looked forward to the
twenty-first century.
Please cut out more 6s for the math bulletin
board.
Add „s to make a symbol, sign, or punctuation
mark plural.
There are too many #‟s, &‟s, and !‟s on this
poster.
The math teacher says I make my =„s crooked.
9. 2. Capital letters.
Capitalize the first word in a sentence.
The bunny ate too much, got dizzy, and fell off
the sofa.
Capitalize the pronoun „I‟.
He had the nerve to say that I sang off key-I,
who took singing lessons with Madame Margo
for five years!
Capitalize proper nouns.
Roslyn Penn
Columbia Prep School
Rocky Mountains
Capitalize proper adjectives.
Proper adjectives come from proper nouns.
10. Proper Noun Proper Adjective
America American
Boston Bostonian
Florida Floridian
Nigeria Nigerian
Norway Norwegian
Capitalize important titles, even if the person‟s
name is not mentioned.
The President of United States went to the
circus.
The Prime Minister forgot his hat at the
conference.
11. Capitalize abbreviation of titles after someone‟s
name.
Martin Luther King, Jr
Esther Brill, Ph.D.
John Ken, M.D
Capitalize the days of the week and month of the
year.
Monday, Sunday, Friday, etc.
January, April, may etc.
Capitalize the first word in every line of poetry.
Birds, birds everywhere,
In the trees and in my hair;
Birds are fowl, but some are fair;
A bird is sitting in my chair!
13. 3. Colons. (
A colon looks like two periods, one on top of
the other.
Use a colon between the chapter and verse
numbers when referring to the parts of the Bible.
Genesis 1:7 (These refers to the book of
Genesis, Chapter 1, Verse 7).
Luke 3:15
Psalms 22:17
Use a colon after the greetings (salutation) to a
formal or business letter.
Dear Board of Directors: Dear Editor:
Dear Madam: Gentlemen:
To Whom it May Concern: Dear Sirs:
14. Capitalize the names of languages.
French Spanish Latin
Capitalize the names of all the planets in solar
system, including Earth (but not sun and moon).
Jupiter, the largest planet, has many moons.
There is more water than earth on the planet
Earth, so our planet should be named Ocean.
15. Use a colon after headings in a memo.
To: Lanre
From: John
Date: July 19, 2000
Use a colon to separate the hours from the
minutes when you write the time of day.
2:17a.m 8:05p.m
6:19p.m
Use a colon to separate a heading or an
introductory label from the words that follow it.
HEADLINE: Man falls Into Eyeglass Machine,
Makes Spectacle of himself.
17. 4. Commas. (,)
Put a comma between independent clauses
of equal value when there are three or more,
and they don‟t have commas in them.
Katie bought the food, Tommy cooked the
meal, and Essie washed the dishes.
18. Put a comma after the close of any letter
(personal or business, friendly or not).
Sincerely yours, Love,
Best regards, Warmest wishes,
Put a comma after the greeting of a personal
letter.
Dear Aunt Paula, Hi, Max,
Put a comma to avoid confusion (by making the
reader pause slightly).
Shortly after, the carnival shut down.
Miriam rolled on, on her new roller skates.
19. Use commas to set off appositives.
An appositive is a noun that comes after another
noun(or noun phrase) and gives additional
information about it. An appositive can come in
the middle or end of a sentence.
e.g.
noun appositive
Dr. William, the headmaster of our school,
never shouts. noun
One appositive who never shouts is Dr. William,
person
the headmaster of our school.
20. Use commas to set off expressions or words
that brake the flow of thought at the beginning
or in the middle of a sentence.
Well, I didn‟t realize he was seven feet tall
when I said I would go out on a date with him.
At that time, however, the goat still lived in the
house.
22. 5. Exclamation points. (!)
Exclamation points are sometimes called
exclamation marks.
Use an exclamation point at the end of an
exclamatory sentence that is full of strong
feelings (like joy, fear, anger or surprise).
She loves me! She loves me! Who is she?
I‟m going to be a banana in a television
commercial!
Put an exclamation point after a strong
interjection at the beginning of a sentence.
Yicks! The pickle truck turned over in the
middle of town.
24. 6. Hyphens. (-)
A hyphen is a short, horizontal line.
Use a hyphen to connect parts of some
compound nouns.
son-in-law
self-awareness
tractor-trailer
Use a hyphen with –elect.
Mayor-elect,
Governor-elect,
President elect.
25. Put a hyphen in a compound word between a
prefix and a proper noun or an adjective.
mid-July festival
pro-Middle East peace
Use a hyphen to join the parts of a fractions when
it is written out as words.
two-fifths
three-sixteenths
five-eights
Use hyphens when you spell out a word for
emphasis.
I want this filthy, that‟s f-i-l-t-h-y, room cleaned up
immediately!
When I say no, I mean no! N-o.No!
26. Put hyphen after some prefixes like ex-,self-,
and all-,expecially if the last letter of the
prefix is the same as the first letter of the
word it‟s connected to.
anti-inflammatory ex-mayor
re-elect pro-feminist
all-loving
28. 7. Periods. (.)
Put periods at the end of a sentence that
states a fact, makes a comment, or expresses
an opinion.
Tuesday is the best day because I eat lunch
early.
A guppy is a little fish, but it can have
hundreds of babies.
Put a period at the end of a mild command or a
request.
Please stop doing that.
Will you pass the peas, please.
29. Put a period after abbreviations.
Ms. Diana,
Mrs. Addison,
Powell, Capt. (captain) Lew
Dr. Sherman, Gen.(General)
44 B.C.(or B.C.E)
Smith & Co. (company)
the science dept, (department)
Put a period after initials in people‟s names.
Susan B. Anthony
E.B. White
Michall J. Fox
31. 8. Question marks. (?)
Put a question mark at the end of a direct
question.
Is your name Miss Kleiman?
How many miles are there in a light-year?
What is your father‟s name?
When you are not positively sure of a fact, put
a question mark inside a pair of parentheses
after the fact.
Someone in his family-his great-great-
grandfather(?)-was the general during the War
of the Dancing Toads.
33. 9. Quotation marks. (“ ”)
Put quotation marks around all the parts of a direct
quotation.
1. at the beginning of a sentence:
“Your homework for tomorrow is to build a medieval
castle out of sugar cubes,” said the history teacher.
2. in the middle of a sentence:
The history teacher said, “Your homework for
tomorrow is to build a medieval castle out of sugar
cubes,” and the class cheered.
3. at the end of a sentence:
The history teacher said, “Your homework for
tomorrow is to build a medieval castle out of sugar
cubes.”
34. 4. that is split up in a sentence:
“Your homework for tomorrow,” said the history
teacher, “is to build a medieval castle out of
sugar cubes.”
Put quotation marks around the titles of:
songs: “My Old Kentucky Home”
chapters in a book: “The Neighbors from
outer space”
Poems: “The road Not Taken”
Speeches: “I Have a dream”
36. 10. Semicolon. (;)
A semicolon looks like a period on top of a
comma.
Put a semicolon before certain conjunctions or
other connecting words and phrases that join
independent clauses in a compound sentence.
Carlos was rich; however, he took the subway
to work.
Ladi paid for the gas; therefore, she should get
to drive.
37. Punctuate the following sentences correctly.
1. tunde is traveling tomorrow
2. how long do we have to wait for the
commencement of the program
3. ann went to the market and bought tomatoes
magi onions groundnut oil and pepper for her
home economic practicals
4 adebayo has five children tunde joy kemi rita
kunle who are all in the same school
5. wow what a beautiful hat that is.
6. marys friend has travelled abroad
7. Paula unlike her sister is a good athlete
38. 8. Aishat wrote to her mother in abuja, Here we
are materially well off, but spiritually deprived.
9. how do you want the money the banker asked
the man
10. Oh I forgot to return the borrowed book to the
library