Learner centred curriculum
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The document discusses learner-centered curriculum and contrasts it with teacher-centered approaches. It outlines that learner-centered curriculum focuses on individual growth and development, with the teacher as a facilitator rather than instructor. Key aspects include respecting the child, allowing freedom of action, and recognizing students' unique needs, interests and goals in curriculum design. Assessment is open-ended and meant to involve students examining their own learning rather than focusing on grades. The goal is to empower students to take ownership of their learning process.
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Learner centred curriculum
- 1. Learner-Centred Curriculum Dr.M.Deivam Assistant Professor Department of Education The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University) Gandhigram, Dindigul District – 624 302
- 2. Learner-Centred Curriculum • One of the major paradigm shifts in the field of education today is the shift from teacher-centred to learner-centred education. • Learners are seen and known as wondrous, curious individuals with vast capabilities and limitless potential. • Katle Martin observes that “When we focus on learners, connect to their interests, needs, and goals, we can create experiences that ignite curiosity, develop passion, and unleash genius.
- 3. • Nunan D who stated in his famous book “Syllabus Design” that learner centred approach to curriculum is an alternative approach which indicates a closer relationship between curriculum, planning goals, learning objectives and implementation of the learner centred approach • Learner-centred approach is popularised by John Dewey. • He describes that the curriculum of the individual child is related to the role of the school within society. • Learner-centred curriculum focuses on the individuals as well as the individual’s dreams, goals, and interests.
- 4. Contd., • The foundation stone of a learner-centred curriculum is individual growth and development. • The teacher’s role is to facilitate growth by utilizing the interests and needs of the students as a guiding measure for meaningful instructions. • This design aims to customize the curriculum as per the needs of the student. Its core philosophy is that each student is unique and there is no standard curriculum which can fit all of them. Differentiated instruction plans can be prepared to suit each student as per their requirement. • learner-centered curriculum design takes each individual's needs, interests, and goals into consideration.
- 5. • This learner-centred approach is based on constructivist learning theory that put emphasis on learner’s role in constructing meaning from new information and prior experiences. • In this approach, the focus is on the learner. The aim is to develop the independence of the learner by making learner active in his learning path. • Students choose what they will learn, how they will learn and how they will assess their own learning. • Students take a more active role. It calls for students to be active, responsible participants in their own learning and with their own pace of learning. Here the teacher acts as a facilitator of learning for individuals rather than for the class as a whole.
- 6. • Learner learns by doing • Learners are empowered to shape their own learning from the different opportunities provided by the teacher. • The development of self is the ultimate objective of learning. • It considers the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains to be interconnected and must be addressed in the curriculum. • It also focuses on positive self-concept and development of interpersonal skills.
- 7. Contd., • Hence, learner-centred approach considers the following aspects • Respect for the child • Freedom of action • Activities divided into units of work • Recognition of the need for using and exploring many media for self-discovery and self-direction is embraced.
- 8. Weimer defines learner-centred curriculum by contrasting with teacher-centred approach through five key elements
- 9. The goal of Student Activity • In teacher directed approach, learners work to meet the objectives set by the teacher. • In contrast, in a learner-centred approach, students work to provide a response to a central question.
- 10. The Role of the Teacher • In a teacher-centred approach, the teacher sets the learning objectives, and then plans a set of activities designed to help learners meet these objectives. • In contrast, in a learner-centred approach, the teacher presents the central question and then works as a facilitator as students determine the nature of response they will develop, and then formulate and carry out a process to develop the response.
- 11. Learners’ Motivational Orientation • Teacher-oriented approaches often depend, at least, in part on extrinsic motivators, such as grades, degrees or other rewards to motivate learners’ motivation to learn. • In learner-oriented approach, teacher attempts to present a question that is interesting enough to motivate students to take ownership of the process of developing a response. As a result, learners’ actions are driven by the goals they have set for themselves rather than external rewards promised by a teacher or an institution.
- 12. Assessment • Teachers use objective assessments to determine grades in a teacher – oriented approach which in turn are used to motivate students and provide parents with information about their children’s progress. • However, in a learner-centred instruction, the assessment is open ended that are designated to involve learners in examining their own learning, focussing their attention on their learning needs and changing understanding rather than a grade or a reward.
- 13. Learner Interaction • In a teacher-oriented approach, the interaction is frequently under teacher control; teacher determines group membership, the nature of interactions between the members, and even the role of each member in the group. Teachers intervene in the group process when there are difficulties and hold the group accountable for individual learning. • Instead in a learner centred approach, which assumes a great deal of student interaction focuses on collaborative learning. Collaborative learning emphasises learners self- governance of their interactions, allowing them to make decisions about with whom they work and how they work. As learners negotiate their relationship with each other, they must articulate their ideas, and engage in a disciplined social process of inquiry.
- 14. Advantages • It recognises the social and cultural context of the learner • Learners have the freedom to choose the curriculum • Students needs are reflected in the classroom and in what they study. • It creates a direct link between class work and the learner’s needs. • Learners can easily learn and practice new skills in day to day activities.
- 15. Disadvantages • Learning depends on the teacher’s ability to provide the necessary resources. • It requires more skill on the part of the teacher as well as their time and resources. • It is often difficult for teachers to make an acceptable balance among competing needs and interests of students. • It is both time consuming and expensive
- 16. Elements of Learner-centred Approach • Emphasis • Focus on the individual • Personal growth and development • Learner’s interest • Focus on effect
- 17. Contd., • Teaching • Learning environment • Teacher as facilitator • Nurturing creativity • Stimulating • Playful atmosphere • Freedom of movement • Atmosphere of trust
- 18. Contd., • Assessment • Learner initiated • Growth oriented • Formative emphasis • Anecdotal explanation • Non-competitive
- 19. Thank You