health belief model
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The document provides an overview of the Health Belief Model (HBM). It was developed in the 1950s to explain why people do or do not engage in health-promoting behaviors. The HBM posits that individuals will take action to prevent or control illness if they feel susceptible to a condition, believe it could have serious consequences, believe a course of action can reduce susceptibility or seriousness, and feel the benefits outweigh the costs. The model's key components are perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. Cues to action and self-efficacy were later added. The HBM is applied to develop health messages focusing on threat, coping responses, and self-efficacy to influence health behaviors. While useful
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health belief model
- 3. HEALTH BELIEF MODEL Deblina Roy M.SC Nursing 1st year K.G.M.U. Institute of Nursing
- 4. Model • Model is a theoretical way of understanding concept or idea. •Health Beliefs: • These are person’s Ideas, convictions, attitudes about health and illness.
- 5. History of the HBM • Developed in the 50’s by the U.S. Public Health Service • Social psychologists were asked to explain why people do not participate in health behaviors (Rosenstock, 1960; 1966) • Developed based on operant and cognitive-behavioral theory
- 6. Premise of the Health Belief Model • Individuals will take action to ward off, to screen for, or to control an ill health condition if: • 1) they regard themselves as susceptible to the condition • 2) they believe it to have potentially serious consequences • 3) they believe a course of action can reduce the susceptibility and seriousness • 4) they believe the costs of the action are outweighed by its benefits
- 7. Components of the HBM • Perceived Susceptibility • an individual’s perception of her or his risk of contracting a health condition • Perceived Severity • an individual’s perception of the seriousness of a health condition if left untreated • Note: the combination of these is the perceived threat of the health condition (emotive response is fear)
- 8. Components of the HBM • Perceived Benefits • the perceived effectiveness of taking action to improve a health condition • Perceived Barriers • the perceived impediments to taking action to improve a health condition
- 9. Components of the HBM •Cues to Action • Body or environmental events that trigger the HBM
- 10. Additional Components? • Self-Efficacy • confidence to continue the healthy behavior and overcome temptations
- 11. Where Do We Intervene? • Educate about threat (vulnerability, susceptibility) • Fear appraisals • Educate about coping (response efficacy, self-efficacy) • Health education
- 12. Evaluating the HBM • APPLICABILITY TO PRACTICE (IS IT USEFUL?) • Coping efficacy is the most important component • Self-efficacy (and perceived barriers) is the most influential component for health behavior • Perceived severity is the weakest component • Health behaviors are long-term? • Perceived vulnerability often influences intentions but not behavior
- 13. Evaluating the HBM • COMPREHENSIVE (Does it explain behavior completely?) • No • What about other motives for behavior other than health? These motives appear untapped for explaining behavior.
- 14. Application Exercise • Please choose a health behavior and population • Assume you are an specialist contracted to develop a persuasive communication (poster, news advertisement etc.) to improve the health behavior for the population • Create a message that includes severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, and self-efficacy for the target population
- 15. Questions?
- 16. Bibliography • Potter P.A,Perry A.F,Stokert P.A,Hall A.M.Fundamentals of nursing. 3rd Ed;Elsevier,Noida( India);2013.p03-05 • Klenpell RM. Advanced nursing practice ,3rd ed ;Sprigers Publishing Company, New York;2013.p13 • Polit DF, Beck CT. Nursing research:Principles and methods. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007 • Black JM, Hawks JH, Keene AM. Medical surgical nursing. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2006.
- 17. Thank You