This document summarizes several major world religions including their origins, beliefs, and distributions. It discusses Animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam providing details on their founders, core beliefs, numbers of adherents, and geographical spreads. It also covers some other eastern religions like Confucianism and Taoism as well as topics like the relationship between religion and politics, society, economics, environment, and language.
The three largest monotheistic religions - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - originated from belief in one God and descended from Abraham. Judaism was the first, originating with the Israelites around 3,700 years ago. Christianity arose from Judaism with Jesus' teachings in Judea. Islam began in the 7th century CE with the prophet Muhammad preaching submission to Allah in Mecca and Medina. All three religions are examples of monotheism and share a common ancestor in Abraham, but have key differences in their founders, holy texts, and beliefs.
Christianity originated in Southwest Asia and is one of the three major monotheistic religions practiced in the region. It has over 2 billion followers worldwide and is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ, who Christians believe is the son of God. Jesus was crucified around 33 CE but Christians believe he rose from the dead, which signified he was the Messiah. The Bible serves as the holy text of Christianity and contains the Old and New Testaments. Major Christian holidays include Christmas and Easter.
The document summarizes key aspects of Islam, including its origins in Southwest Asia under the prophet Muhammad, the five pillars of faith that are obligatory for Muslims, and the split between the Sunni and Shia sects after Muhammad's death over who should succeed him as the leader of the Muslim community. It notes that Islam is now the second largest religion in the world with over 1.2 billion followers.
The document discusses the main branches of Judaism - Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist. It outlines some of their key beliefs and histories. The Orthodox branch believes in a literal interpretation of scripture and tradition. The Conservative branch allows for some changes but holds to core beliefs. Reform Judaism is more open to interpretation. Reconstructionism sees Judaism as evolving over time to meet modern needs. Zionism and the creation of Israel are also mentioned.
Folk religions, also known as animism, originated in Africa, North America, and Latin America and include beliefs such as:
- Many gods and spirits that can possess individuals
- Ancestor worship and oral traditions that are connected to specific tribes
- Shamans, healers, and witches who communicate with the spirit world
- Animal sacrifices and rituals conducted to honor spirits
These folk religions, including Vodun/Voodoo, were brought by slaves to places like Haiti and New Orleans and blended with Catholicism, incorporating beliefs such as serving intermediary spirits like Catholic saints. Today, folk religions represent over 400 million adherents worldwide and continue oral traditions from indigenous tribes.
The roots of Judaism can be traced to a covenant between God and the Jewish people through the prophets Abraham and Moses. Key events in Jewish history include the Holocaust, destruction of the Second Temple which changed Judaism from temple-oriented to synagogue-oriented, and WWII where most of Europe's Jewish population was killed. Modern Judaism includes Orthodox branches that follow the Torah literally and Progressive branches that reinterpret the Torah for modern times.
This document discusses different types of religions. It defines religion as a person's relation to what they consider holy or spiritual. Religions are then classified based on the number of gods believed in, including monotheism, polytheism, atheism, and pantheism. Early forms of religion discussed are animism and totenism. The four largest religions today are outlined as Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism, comprising over 68% of the world's population between them.
The document provides an overview of the major religions practiced in the United States, including Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. It discusses the history and beliefs of each religion, and provides statistics on religious demographics in the US. Key points include that Christianity is the largest religion, with Protestantism, Catholicism, and Orthodox Christianity as the main branches. Other faiths with a significant presence include Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. Religious freedom and diversity have long been central to American culture and society.
The three major monotheistic religions - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - all believe in one supreme god. Judaism began around 2000 BC and followers believe they descended from Abraham. Christianity arose from Judaism in the 1st century AD and followers believe Jesus is the son of God. Islam began in the 7th century AD and followers believe Muhammad is the final prophet of God. All three religions share some beliefs but also have distinct traditions, sacred texts, and founder figures.
The document provides background information on Judaism and the Jewish people. It begins by asking who Jews are, how they came to their current locations, and what is important in their beliefs and practices. It then discusses what makes someone Jewish, estimates of Jewish populations worldwide and in locations like the US, Israel, and Phoenix. The document next explores how Jews were banished from Israel after the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD and 130 AD Bar Kochba revolt. It outlines the tragic history of Jews in Christian Europe, including lack of rights, sometimes expulsions. Finally, it briefly discusses the origins of Ashkenazi and Sefardic Jewish communities and tragic events like the expulsions from Spain and Holocaust.
This document discusses tradition from both Christian and Jewish perspectives. It examines definitions of tradition, different streams of tradition within religions, and how tradition relates to identity and community. Specifically, it explores Israeli traditionism as negotiating religious and secular realms, and how Messianic Judaism navigates multiple traditions as a new religious movement between Christianity and Judaism. Tradition is presented as dynamic, relating to historical roots and evolving understanding over time through internal debate and engagement with other perspectives.
This document discusses questions about religion and provides information about different types of religions, religious distribution in the USA, and religious conflicts around the world. It outlines universalizing religions that appeal globally like Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and others. It also describes ethnic religions more localized to certain regions. The document then reviews the major Christian denominations and other faiths present in the USA. Finally, it examines sources of religious conflict such as fundamentalism, secularism, religion versus government policies, and conflicts within and between faiths over issues like territory, politics, and social practices.
This document discusses the conversion of non-Jews to Messianic Judaism. It notes that while Messianic Judaism embraces Jewish identity, faith and practice in light of Messiah, it has not formally established a process for conversion. The document reviews literature on definitions of Jewish identity, surveys of the American Jewish population, and the range of views within Messianic Judaism on whether and how non-Jews should convert. It concludes that most within the Messianic movement do not practice formal conversion, and that social identity theory explains why converts still see themselves as Jews even if they are seen as non-Jews by others outside Messianic Judaism.
The three main religions in Europe are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Judaism originated with Abraham in 2000 BC and has around 15 million followers worldwide. Christianity arose from Judaism in the 1st century AD and has over 2 billion followers. Islam was founded by Muhammad in the 7th century AD and has about 1.3 billion followers, making it the fastest growing religion. All three religions believe in monotheism and share some history and similarities, though they also have key differences in their beliefs, practices, and holy texts.
Fundamentalism emerges in response to crises and the perceived threats of modernity. It develops from feelings of fear, alienation, and a desire for certainty in a changing world. Fundamentalists perceive their secular opponents as satanic forces threatening to destroy religion and society. While often angry and intolerant, fundamentalist movements also aim to recreate lost traditions and communal identities in modern societies. They are motivated by widespread concerns over issues like materialism, urbanization, and the breakdown of traditional social structures.
The document provides brief overviews of several major world religions including Christianity, Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Aboriginal Dreamtime beliefs. It explains some core beliefs and origins of each religion such as Christians believing Jesus was the son of God, Muslims believing Muhammad is the prophet of God, Buddhists following the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, and Aboriginals believing the world was created in the Dreamtime by ancestral spirits.
The document provides an overview of several major world religions, including Christianity, Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholicism, Anglicanism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Aboriginal Dreamtime beliefs. It describes some core beliefs and origins of each religion such as Christians believing Jesus was the son of God, Muslims believing Muhammad is the prophet of God, Buddhism originating from Siddhartha Gautama in India, and Aboriginal Australians' belief that the world was created in the Dreamtime by ancestral spirits.
The document discusses evangelizing animist tribes. It notes that some anthropologists praise aspects of animist cultures like the Mayans that engaged in human sacrifice and slavery. However, Christian missionaries have helped tribal people by ending practices like warfare, cannibalism, and polygamy, and providing literacy, medicine, and the gospel. Animism involves spirit worship and is the primary religion of over 100 million tribal people. It is characterized by fear, lack of love/hope, no moral absolutes, and fatalism. The Bible condemns practices of animism like divination. Christian missionaries aim to bring tribal people the freedom and hope found in Christ.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in the anthropological study of religion, including animism, souls, mana, magic, rituals, types of religious cults (individualistic, shamanistic, communal, ecclesiastical), revitalization movements, and the relationship between religion and society. It discusses definitions and examples of concepts like animism, souls, mana, magic, rituals, the sacred/profane distinction, and how religion relates to political economy, social structure, and environmental/ecological factors.
This document discusses how religious intolerance arises from viewing differences as absolutes rather than relatives. It notes how Hindus, Muslims, Christians all criticize each other's practices like dress, diet, and religious symbols but these are relative rather than absolute. There is no universally agreed definition of concepts like being overdressed or underdressed, idol worship, or which religion is oldest or most Indian. Seeing others' practices as equally valid rather than wrong can help overcome religious intolerance that otherwise leads to cycles of violent retaliation and threatens all religions and societies.
This document provides an introduction to a unit on religion and non-religion. It outlines the relevant syllabus points students need to be familiar with, including different expressions of religion throughout history such as animism, polytheism, and monotheism. Students are instructed to recap core beliefs, texts, rituals, and ethics of different world religions. Key definitions are also provided for animism, polytheism, and monotheism. Activities are suggested for students to research examples and describe hypothetical societies based on these expressions of religion.
Folk religion deals with evil spirits often with a shaman, etc. All major religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism have both a formal traditional religion and also some form of folk religion. This outlines some of the folk religion found in a variety of places among the more than 1,000,000,000 Muslims.
The ANC's centenary celebrations sparked controversy by invoking ancestral spirits and ritually slaughtering an animal. While the ANC defended these practices as part of tradition, Christians opposed dedicating South Africa to dead ancestors. The Bible warns against occult practices like spiritism and divination. Examples like Haiti, heavily influenced by voodoo, suggest dedicating a nation to ancestral spirits can have devastating long-term consequences. South Africa should only be dedicated to the one true God as revealed in the Bible.
World religion powerpoint presentation slides ppt templatesSlideTeam.net
The document appears to be a template for a presentation on world religion. It contains repeated placeholder text and instructions for customizing images. The logo and instructions for editing images in PowerPoint are also repeated throughout.
The document discusses traditional and animistic religions. It notes that while Christianity has been successful in reaching some populations, the number of adherents to traditional ethnic religions is increasing. It explores concepts like spirits, the afterlife, divination and sin within an animistic framework. It also discusses challenges missionaries previously faced in addressing issues in the "excluded middle" domain of daily life and offers suggestions on how Christianity can provide alternatives.
World Religions, including Secular humanism, Communism, and AnimismBob Patton, M.D., D.D.
An overview of common world religions, as well as animism, secular humanism and communism. Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Roman Catholicism, Jehovah's Witnesses and Mormonism are mentioned
Animism and Shinto are polytheistic, animistic religions. Animism believes that all natural elements have spirits, and spirits of ancestors are worshipped. Shintoism is Japan's native religion where nature spirits called Kami are worshipped at home altars and shrines through prayer for safety, health, and success. A torii is a Shinto shrine gateway that marks the entrance to the realm of the Kami spirits.
The document discusses the concept of animism, which refers to the belief that spiritual beings exist in nature and that all objects have an inner psychological being. Animism was a primitive form of religion that believed in spiritual forces localized in different natural areas and objects. For many indigenous groups, animism involved showing respect to the spirits of the land, animals, plants and asking permission before disturbing or taking from nature to maintain balance. The document also discusses how animism relates to polytheism and the belief in many gods, as well as how certain groups still incorporate animistic beliefs with other religions like Christianity.
This document provides an overview of world religions. It begins by listing the 12 major world religions: Baha'i, Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shinto, Sikhism, Daoism, and Zoroastrianism. It notes there are approximately 4,200 religions total. The document then discusses what religion seeks to answer, including questions about God, the afterlife, and salvation. It defines religion as an organized system of beliefs and practices centered around gods, and distinguishes between monotheistic and polytheistic religions. The document concludes by outlining a group project where students will create a web presenting the key aspects of one
This document provides an overview of key anthropological concepts related to the study of religion. It discusses how anthropologists view religion as part of culture rather than focusing on its truth claims. Religions are examined as social and individual phenomena that provide systems of meaning. Gods, spirits, and various beliefs are reviewed as are myths, cosmologies, and altered states of consciousness used by shamans. Rituals, ceremonies, and beliefs are identified as core components of religions.
This document provides an introduction to world religions, comparing and contrasting aspects of Shintoism and Buddhism. It begins with objectives and vocabulary for exploring religious beliefs. Early forms of religion included animism and shamanism. Modern religions developed concepts of gods and the first had customs and practices centered around understanding gods. Many early civilizations had religion integrated with government. The document then compares Shintoism, the indigenous religion of Japan, and Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, focusing on their origins and histories, beliefs about gods and the human situation, practices, afterlives, and important texts.
The document discusses world religions, defining religion as dealing with peoples' relationship to the unseen world of spirits and gods. It outlines criteria for understanding religions, including myths, rituals, proposals for salvation, and beliefs about life after death. Several theories on the origins of religion are presented, including animism, nature worship, original monotheism, magic, and the projection of human needs. Finally, four types of religions are defined based on their geographic origins and core beliefs.
The document discusses key concepts related to defining and understanding religion from an anthropological perspective. It examines definitions of religion proposed by scholars like Durkheim, Geertz and Tylor. It explores the relationship between religion, magic and rituals. Case studies from West and North Africa are presented on how terms like witchcraft and sorcery are used. Theories on the origins and functions of religion are outlined, and Wallace's framework of classifying religions into individualistic, shamanistic, communal and ecclesiastical cults is described.
The document provides background information on several major historical events and developments:
1. The Neolithic Revolution around 10,000 BCE saw early humans shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture, leading to permanent settlements and the rise of early civilizations in places like Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India.
2. The Scientific Revolution from the 1540s-1750s challenged traditional beliefs and established the scientific method, with key figures including Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton.
3. The Protestant Reformation began in 1517 as Martin Luther and John Calvin protested corruption in the Catholic Church, establishing new Protestant faiths.
The Classical Period saw the development and spread of many major belief systems across world civilizations. Polytheism and animism were among the earliest and continued in areas not influenced by later monotheistic faiths. Zoroastrianism originated in Persia and emphasized the struggle between good and evil. Judaism emerged as the first monotheistic religion, influencing both Christianity and Islam. Christianity began as a sect of Judaism and spread throughout the Roman Empire, establishing core beliefs and hierarchical structure. Islam developed in the 600s CE based on revelations to Muhammad and spread widely through trade routes. Confucianism focused on social harmony and ethics while Daoism emphasized living in harmony with nature. Hinduism originated in India
This document discusses religion and provides information on several key topics:
1. It defines religion and discusses its key characteristics such as beliefs, structures, rituals, impacts, and classifications.
2. It examines the origins and diffusion of major world religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and others. It traces their origins to hearths in South Asia, East Asia, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
3. It explores how religions are manifested in cultural landscapes through sacred sites, pilgrimages, architecture, symbols and impacts on place names and identities.
4. It also addresses the rise of secularism, government impacts on religion, and the role of religion in political
The document provides an overview of the three major Western religions - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam - as well as some Eastern religions including Hinduism and Buddhism. It discusses the origins, founders, basic beliefs and tenets of each religion. Key figures mentioned include Abraham, Moses, Jesus Christ, Muhammad, Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha). The document also briefly outlines the histories and spread of the religions around the world.
The document provides an overview of several world religions including their classifications, origins, beliefs, sacred texts, founders, and patterns of diffusion. It discusses religions originating from hearths in South Asia (Hinduism, Buddhism), East Asia (Taoism, Confucianism), the Eastern Mediterranean (Judaism, Christianity, Islam), and their spread to other regions through missionary activity, migration, and imperial expansion. Religions are also classified based on whether they are universalizing and actively seek converts, or are ethnic religions tied to particular populations and places. Sacred sites, pilgrimages, and the influence of religions on cultural landscapes are also examined.
The document provides an overview of various world religions including their classifications, origins, beliefs, sacred sites, and how they have diffused globally. It discusses universalizing religions like Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism which seek converts, as well as ethnic religions like Hinduism and Judaism. The text also examines how religion impacts culture and is expressed in the landscape, including through sacred sites, pilgrimages, and religious divisions and conflicts.
This document provides an overview of several major belief systems including animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes the origins, key beliefs, sacred texts, and spread of each religion. It also discusses how religions can be similar in concepts like karma and dharma, but differ in other beliefs like views on gods and the afterlife. The document aims to help readers understand and compare characteristics of major world religions.
This presentation discusses various religions that could be found in the world, coming from different countries. Specifically, it tells about what religion is like especially the number of people who are participating in those such religions.
The document discusses the origins and development of major world religions. It begins by explaining how prehistoric humans practiced early forms of religion and how geography and culture influenced the establishment of religions. It then provides a timeline of important dates in the origins of religions like Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, and Shintoism. It also summarizes the commonalities between the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which have over half the world's population. The document concludes by examining the geographical contexts of religions in the Western Frontier (West Asia), the Indian Subcontinent, and Eastern End (East Asia).
The document discusses the origins and development of major world religions. It begins by explaining how prehistoric humans practiced early forms of religion and how geography and culture influenced the establishment of religions. It then provides a timeline of important dates in the origins of religions like Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism, and Shintoism. It also summarizes the commonalities between the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which have over half the world's population. The document concludes by examining the geographical contexts of religions in the Western Frontier (West Asia), the Indian Subcontinent, and Eastern End (East Asia).
The document discusses the origins and beliefs of major world religions. It begins by covering Eastern religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, which originated in South and East Asia between 2500 BCE and 500 BCE. It then discusses Abrahamic faiths including Judaism, Christianity and Islam, which emerged in the Middle East, with Judaism beginning around 2000 BCE, Christianity in 1st century CE, and Islam in 610 CE. For each religion, the summary provides a brief overview of its founder, core beliefs, and sacred texts.
Major belief systems like Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam originated thousands of years ago and have since spread widely and influenced cultures globally. They share some common beliefs but also have key differences. Hinduism originated in India and introduced concepts like dharma, karma, and reincarnation. It also developed the caste system. Buddhism started in India and rejects the Hindu caste system, but retains concepts like karma and reincarnation. The Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam originated in the Middle East and are monotheistic, embracing sacred texts like the Torah, Bible, and Quran. They prescribe moral codes and spread through cultural diffusion and missionary work
Chapter 4-–-people-and-places World Geography Sections 1-5kprice70
The document discusses several key concepts related to culture and geography. It defines culture as the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by members of a group. It also explains that culture helps unite group members while also separating them from others. Several aspects of culture are then described, including language, religion, and innovation/diffusion of ideas between societies. River civilizations are highlighted as cultural hearths where ideas and technologies originated and spread. The roles of environment and geography in shaping human cultures are also summarized.
This document provides information about the diverse cultures of Southern and Eastern Asia for 7th grade social studies students. It discusses the prominent religions in the regions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Shintoism, and Confucianism. For each religion, it outlines key beliefs, practices, founders, and sacred texts. It also explains the differences between ethnic and religious groups and how literacy rates can affect standards of living.
The document summarizes several major world religions including animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes their origins, key beliefs and practices, sacred texts, and how some religions like Hinduism and Buddhism share concepts like karma and reincarnation but differ on other aspects like the caste system. It also discusses how religions can spread over large areas through cultural diffusion, missionaries, and conquest.
The document summarizes several major world religions including animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes their origins, key beliefs, sacred texts, and how some religions like Hinduism and Buddhism share concepts like karma and reincarnation but differ on other aspects like the caste system. The document also discusses how religions can spread over large areas through cultural diffusion, missionaries, and conquest as seen with the spread of Islam after Muhammad.
The document summarizes several major world religions including animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes their origins, key beliefs and practices, sacred texts, and how some religions like Hinduism and Buddhism share concepts like karma and reincarnation but differ on other aspects like the caste system. It also discusses how religions can spread over large areas through cultural diffusion, missionaries, and conquest.
The document provides an overview of the historical origins and basic beliefs of several major world religions, including:
- Abrahamic religions like Judaism, Christianity, and Islam trace their origins back to the prophet Abraham. They believe in one God and share scriptures like the Torah and Bible.
- Hinduism is one of the oldest religions originating over 4,000 years ago in India. It is a collection of traditions rather than a single religion and teaches goals of Dharma, Artha, Karma and Moksha. Core texts are the Vedas.
- Buddhism arose in India in the 5th century BC by Siddhartha Gautama and focuses on ending suffering through enlight
If you’re looking for the Most Beautiful Religion in The World, then you are at the right place. In this article, we will discuss the Most Beautiful Religion in The World.
The document summarizes several major world religions including animism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes their origins, core beliefs, sacred texts, and how some religions like Hinduism and Buddhism share concepts like karma and reincarnation but differ on other aspects like the caste system. The document also discusses how religions can spread through cultural diffusion, trade, missionaries and conquest over large geographical areas.
10. ANIMISM
Animism (Shamanism) - the belief that all
objects, animals, and beings are “animated”
or possess a spirit and a conscious life. Also
called shamanism because of the prominence of a Shaman.
• Such beliefs are common among hunter-gatherers.
• 10% of Africans follow such traditional ethnic religions.
• These beliefs are losing ground to Christianity and Islam throughout
Africa.
11. HINDUISM
• 900 million + adherents, primarily in India (4th largest)
• Hinduism is an ancient term for the complex and diverse set of
religious beliefs practiced around the Indus River.
12. HINDUISM
Brahma (The Creator)
- depicted with four faces each
continually reciting one of the Vedas.
The force of creation and birth.
Shiva (The Destroyer)
- Shakti or power; the dissolving force in life;
centrifugal force; entropy.
Vishnu (The Preserver)
- Peace; balance; Sustainer of life.
13. BUDDHISM
• Originated near modern Nepal around 530
BC by prince Siddhartha Guatama.
• Spread originally in India and Sri Lanka by
Magadhan Empire (250 BC).
• Indian traders brought it to China in
1st century AD.
• By 6th century it had lost its hold on
India, but was now in Korea and Japan.
14. JUDAISM
14 million adherents
Monotheistic
Pentateuch
First five books of the Old Testament
Sects
Orthodox, Conservative, Reform
Israel
Homeland for Jewish people
Created 1948
Conflict between Israel and Palestine
15. CHRISTIANITY
• 2 billion adherents make it most
practiced in the world.
• Originated in Bethlehem (8-4 BC)
and Jerusalem (AD 30) with Jesus Christ.
• Spread by missionaries and the Roman
Empire (Constantine A.D. 313).
• It is the most practiced religion in Africa today.
16. ISLAM
• 1 billion + adherents
• Originated in Saudi Arabia (Mecca and Medina)
around AD 600.
• Spread originally by Muslim armies to N. Africa,
and the Near East.
• Sunni (83%) - throughout the Muslim world.
• Shiite - Iran (40%), Pakistan (15%), Iraq (10%)
20. Religion & Politics
Freedom of religion; Separation of church and
state
Long, but messy and contested, history of separation of
church and state in Christian West. Immigration today is
challenging Western notions about secular society (U.S.:
gay marriage, abortion, etc.).
Many Islamic nations today are officially Islamic, though
secular and are essentially modified theocracies. In
secular Islamic countries such as Turkey, fundamentalist
parties seek to win elections.
Theocracy
Church rules directly; today in Iran and Saudi Arabia,
for example.
21. Social Impact of Religion
Gender roles
Women’s rights
Diet
Vegetarians
Pork, beef
Alcohol
Ethics and morals
Schools and
institutions
World Distribution of Hogs
22. Economic Impact
Banking and lending
- Biblical prohibtion against usuary (lending at interest). Still followed in
Muslim world (only fees are charged).
Protestantism and capitalism
– Max Weber and the Protestant Ethic; argues that individualism of
Protestantism leads to acquisitiveness.
Catholic Church and capitalism
– Pope John Paul II praised free markets but with the caution that they
cannot meet all needs and salaries must be “just.”
Confucianism versus individualism
- Confucius elevated the status of noble bureaucrats and commitment to
societal good. This allows Asian nations to attract top talent to government
jobs. Also, diligence with regard to savings and spending may be a
consequence of Confucian ideas.
23. Religion and Environment
Burial practices
Judeo-Christians bury.
Hindus and Buddhists cremate.
Relationship with nature
Sacred Spaces
Sacred architecture
Role of religion in domination
of earth?
24. - the mixing of two or more religions that
creates unique rituals, artwork, and beliefs.
Examples include syncretism of
Christianity and indigenous beliefs in the
Americas, Africa, and Asia.
• Caribbean Voodoo (Haiti, Louisiana)
• Christianity in Indigenous Latin American
Voodoo Dolls, Haiti
Shrine, Bangalore, India
Syncretism
25. LANGUAGE
Rank Language
Primary
Country
Total
Countries
Speakers
(millions)
1 Chinese China 33 1,197
2 Spanish Spain 31 399
3 English
United
Kingdom 101 335
4 Hindi India 4 260
5 Arabic Saudi Arabia 60 242
6 Portuguese Portugal 12 203
7 Bengali Bangladesh 4 189
8 Russian
Russian
Federation 16 166
9 Japanese Japan 2 128
10 Lahnda Pakistan 6 88.7