Grammar translation method
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The Grammar-Translation method is the oldest method for teaching English as a foreign language. It was dominant from the 1800s to the 1940s and is still used today in some areas. Under this method, students first study grammar rules and parts of speech in their native language and practice translation between the native language and English. Reading and writing are the main skills focused on, while speaking and listening receive little direct instruction. Accuracy and memorization of vocabulary and grammatical rules are emphasized over natural language use. While it helps with understanding words and grammar comparisons, weaknesses include a lack of focus on communication skills and the inability to directly translate some linguistic aspects between languages.
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Grammar translation method
- 2. HISTORY
- 3. History of GTM It is the oldest method of teaching of English, also known as the Classical Method dominated European and foreign language teaching from the 1800s to the 1940s, and in modified form it continues to be widely used in some parts of word day. was used for the teaching of English in the beginning, under the influence of classical languages like Latin, Greek and Sanskrit
- 4. History of GTM In the Grammar – Translation Method, the student first study the parts of speech and syntax in detail. The sentences in English and the mother tongue were compared and contrasted side by side. In this method the mother tongue is used to teach English.
- 5. FEATURES
- 6. The goal of foreign language study To read its literature To benefit from the metal discipline and intellectual development To analyze rules before translating
- 7. Language skills Reading and writing: focus. Speaking or listening: little or no systematic attention. Vocabulary : selecting on the reading texts used; teaching words through bilingual word list, dictionary, and memorization. Pronunciation: little or no attention.
- 8. Sentence Basic unit of teaching and language practice Being translated into and out of the target language
- 9. Accuracy and Grammar Accuracy is emphasized: Students are expected to attain high standards in translation. Grammar : Taught deductively presentation and study of grammar rules → practice through translation exercises
- 10. Medium of instructions & language learning Medium of instruction in class: student’s native language Language learning: By memorization of rules and manipulation of the morphology and syntax of the foreign language.
- 11. STRONG POINTS
- 12. STRONG POINTS Understanding of words and phrases becomes very better and quicker. Developing the art of translation. Strong memory bond is created. It saves time and more effective.
- 13. STRONG POINTS Learning and explaining the words and phrases easily. The working knowledge of mother tongue helps them to learn grammar of a foreign language. Test the ability of comprehension of our students and able to know the form of understanding the subject matter. English grammar can be easily taught by comparing with the grammar of mother tongue. Very useful in over crowed classes.
- 14. WEAK POINTS
- 15. WEAK POINTS It does not put emphasis on the basic skills. It is not possible to translate important aspect of spoken language . There are words, idioms, phrases in English for which words can not be translated into mother tongue..
- 16. WEAK POINTS Preventing students from reading and speaking in English. Student gets no opportunities to participate in the discussion of the unit. Some of linguistic items can not be translated into mother tongue .
- 17. WEAK POINTS Affecting the originality of the words. It prevents students to think directly in English. Grammar class can never be effective when there is use of translation of grammatical rules and their explanation.
- 18. WEAK POINTS Favouring to teach English by rules and not by use. Psychologically and linguistically, this method is not suitable.