Environment analytical laws

Image courtesy of
Yale School of
Forestry &
Environmental
Studies

The 2016 Environmental Performance Index (EPI), a Yale-based
initiative that evaluates how 180 countries protect ecosystems and
human health, finds cause for both optimism and serious concern.
The world's nations have expanded access to water and sanitation
while creating more protected areas than ever before, yet countries
have failed to reverse degradation of air quality and decline in
fisheries, the report finds. The EPI, which measures national and
global protection of ecosystems and human health from
environmental harm, draws out trends and highlights data gaps in
priority areas including air quality, water management, and climate
change.

Amity
Business
School
Environment
Impact
Assessment &
Laws

The Ministry
of
Environment &
Forests

The Ministry of Environment & Forests is the nodal agency in the
administrative structure of the Central Government, for the planning, promotion, co-
ordination and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry
programmes. The Ministry is also the Nodal agency in the country for the United
Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The principal activities undertaken by
Ministry of Environment & Forests, consist of conservation & survey of flora, fauna,
forests and Wildlife, prevention & control of pollution, afforestation and regeneration
of degraded areas and protection of environment, in the framework of legislations.
The main tools utilized for this include surveys, impact assessment, control of
pollution, regeneration programmes, support to organizations, research to solve
solutions and training to augment the requisite manpower, collection and
dissemination of environmental information and creation of environmental
awareness among all sectors of the country’s population.

The Central
Pollution
Control
Board

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), statutory organisation, was
constituted in September, 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974. Further, CPCB was entrusted with the powers and
functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. It
serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of
Environment and Forests of the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986. Principal Functions of the CPCB, as spelt out in the Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1981,
(i) to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by
prevention, control and abatement of water pollution
(ii) to improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the
country.

Environment
Protection
Act, 1986
In the wake of Bhopal tragedy, the Government
of India enacted the Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986 (EPA) under article 253 of the
constitution. The purpose of the Act is to act as
an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a
framework for Central government co-
ordination of the activities of various central and
state authorities established under previous
laws, such as Water Act & Air Act. The potential
scope of the Act is broad, with “environment”
defined to include water, air and land and the
interrelationships which exist among water, air
and land, and human beings and other living
creatures, plants, micro-organisms and
property. Environment protection rules were
also enacted as a corollary to this Act.

National Conservation Strategy and
Policy Statement on Environment and
Development, 1992
in response to the need for laying down the guidelines that will
help to weave environmental considerations into the fabric of
our national life and of our development process. It is an
expression of India’s commitment for reorienting policies and
action in unison with the environmental perspective.
It talks about the nature and dimensions of the environmental
problems, actions taken in response to the problems and lists
out priorities and strategies for action. It also views
development policies from environmental perspectives and the
support policies and systems required.

The objective of this document is to integrate environmental considerations into decision-making at all levels.
To achieve this, the document lays down steps to be taken to prevent pollution at source, encourage, develop
and apply the best available practicable technical solutions.
The Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution, adopted in 1992 lays emphasis on pollution prevention in
place of the conventional end-of-the-pipe treatment also identified the adoption of best available and
practicable technologies as the key element for pollution prevention. The focus of the various programmes
and schemes of the Ministry and its associated organizations related to pollution prevention and control is,
therefore, on such issues such as promotion of clean and low waste technologies, waste minimization, reuse
or recycling, improvement of water quality, environment audit, natural resource accounting, development of
mass based standards, institutional and human resource development etc. The whole issue of pollution
prevention and control is dealt with by a combination of command and control methods as well as voluntary
regulations, fiscal measures, promotion of awareness etc.
Policy Statement for the Abatement of
Pollution, 1992

National Environment Policy 2006
The National Environment Policy is also a response to India’s commitment to a
clean environment, mandated in the Constitution in Articles 48 A and 51A (g),
strengthened by judicial interpretation of Article 21. It is recognized that
maintaining a healthy environment is not the state’s responsibility alone, but also
that of every citizen. A spirit of partnership should thus be realized throughout the
spectrum of environmental management in the country. While the state must
galvanize its efforts, there should also be recognition by each individual – natural
or institutional, of its responsibility towards maintaining and enhancing the quality
of the environment.

Vision Statement on Environment &
HealthThe purpose of vision document was to evolve a strategy of health-risk reduction
arising from environment pollution would help the implementing agencies to revise
the environmental and industry specific actions. Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF) had constituted a Committee on Environment and Health in July,
1999 and the report was submitted in May, 2000. The Report of the “Committee on
Environment and Health” brought out issues requiring attention of various
stakeholders. The “Conference on Environmental Health” organized by Ministry of
Environment and Forests in November, 2002 also brought out thrust areas and
action points that need to be implemented for protection of public health.
It also offers a comprehensive approach to the environmental health management
plans, which would be a systematic approach to estimate the burden of disease
and injury due to different environmental pollutants.

References:
Iced.cag.gov.i
n
Yale Uni
Ev.Report
Thank you

Environment analytical laws

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