This document discusses the roles and principles of community health nursing. It begins with introducing community health nursing and defining it. It then covers the major concepts of community health nursing including biomedical, ecological, psychological, and holistic. The principles of community health nursing are described, focusing on community needs, education, respecting values, and collaboration. Finally, the key roles of community health nurses are outlined, including as clinicians, educators, advocates, managers, collaborators, leaders, and researchers in promoting health and preventing illness.
concept and scope of community health and community health nursingPuspanjali mohapatro
Community health nursing aims to promote the health of communities through disease prevention, health education, and management of factors affecting health. It involves working with communities as partners to focus on primary prevention, health promotion, and management of care for individuals, families, and groups in the community. The roles of community health nurses include providing comprehensive care, assisting with diagnosis and treatment, educating families, conducting home visits, advocating for communities, and collaborating with other health professionals to strengthen community resources and control diseases. The overall goal is to increase communities' ability to address their own health problems and provide accessible health services.
This document provides an overview and introduction to a module on community and environmental health for 9th grade students. It discusses key concepts like community health, environmental health, and the characteristics of a healthy community. It outlines the learning competencies and objectives for the module, which will discuss issues like community health problems, environmental destruction, and how to promote community and environmental health. It includes several activities for students, like identifying services available in their own community and priorities for community issues. The overall document serves as an introduction to the topics and goals for the health education quarter module.
The document provides an overview of a draft health education module for 9th grade students. It introduces concepts of community health, environmental health, and the characteristics of a healthy community. It includes pre-assessment questions to gauge students' existing knowledge, as well as learning competencies and objectives for the module. The first lesson will define key terms and describe the characteristics of a healthy community according to the World Health Organization.
K TO 12 GRADE 9 LEARNER’S MATERIAL IN HEALTHLiGhT ArOhL
This document provides an overview and introduction to a module on community and environmental health for 9th grade students. It discusses key concepts like community health, environmental health, and the characteristics of a healthy community. It outlines the learning competencies and objectives for the module which include explaining community health concepts, recognizing the benefits of a healthy environment, and applying skills to promote community health. It also includes several activities and assessments for students to complete as part of learning about community and environmental health issues.
Community health nursing is a synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice that aims to promote and preserve the health of populations. It focuses on health promotion, education, coordination of care, and utilizing a holistic approach. The nurse's role acknowledges the need for comprehensive health planning and addresses social/ecological influences and populations at risk. The goal is the health of the total population through care directed at individuals, families, and groups.
Community health nursing synthesizes nursing and public health knowledge to promote health and prevent disease at the community level. It involves assessing community health needs, planning and implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes. Key roles of the community health nurse include providing direct care, advocating for clients, consulting with other providers, coordinating services, educating the public, and evaluating programs. The overall goal is to improve health across an entire population.
The document discusses the concepts of community health nursing. It defines community as a social group determined by geographical boundaries and common interests. Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. Community health nursing aims to promote and maintain the health of communities through preventive services, health education, and treatment/rehabilitation efforts coordinated with other health professionals. The document outlines characteristics of communities and factors that influence community health.
This document provides an overview of a lesson plan on community and environmental health for 9th grade students. It includes 10 learning competencies that students should be able to explain, describe, recognize, analyze, apply, and make decisions about topics including community health, healthy communities, environmental problems, and their impacts. The lesson plan consists of 4 parts: What to Know, What to Process, What to Understand, and What to Transfer. It includes 9 activities for students with objectives, instructions, questions, and assessments.
The document contains questions about health, illness, disease, and nursing models related to health promotion and illness prevention. It addresses topics like the definitions of health and illness, stages of illness behavior, impact of illness on families, risk factors, levels of prevention, and models for understanding health behaviors. Key models discussed include Rosenstock's Health Belief Model and the Agent-Host-Environment Model. The questions assess understanding of core concepts addressed in nursing education around promoting health and preventing disease.
WHO definition: The world Health Organization (WHO) described health in1948, ...hosamELMANNA
this presentation cover the following items
Define health
Describe the different concepts and perspectives
of Health.
Describe determinants of health.
Define globalization & list its advantages and
disadvantages on health population.
Describe the different models of disease
causation theories
Discussion 1 Marlon RodriguezPopulation and Community Health ProVinaOconner450
Discussion 1 Marlon Rodriguez
Population and Community Health Promotion
Health practitioners and the general public play a competitive role in population health prevention and promotion. Health care providers such as nurses and doctors sometimes have multifaceted roles as holistic healthcare providers to promote community health. They can organize public outreach programs and coordinate health education to enlighten the community about well-being. The paper explores specific actions health providers can take regardless of their professional practices to promote community health.
Health Education and Promotion Programs
Health education is an everyday social science used by health providers to promote health behaviors and well-being in the community. Health education initiatives focus on providing essential knowledge and information to the community members and practical skills that enable the public to adopt healthy behaviors (Whitehead, 2018). Health education increases health knowledge and influences the health attitudes of individuals. For instance, nurses can educate the public about the benefits of child immunization in preventing diseases and boosting immunity. Knowledge of immunization can influence individuals who have specific attitudes toward vaccination to seek these services, thus promoting the well-being of children. Health promotion is much broader since it is done by professionals while responding to health developments. It helps address concerns related to health inequities and access within the communities.
Community Assessment and Intervention Planning
Community diagnosis or assessment is an action that health practitioners conduct to identify factors that promote the health of a community and develop strategies to improve them. Health practitioners then design specific goals and programs that help solve particular health concerns identified (Lee et al., 2017). The nurse collaborates with community members to conduct a community assessment and diagnosis processes to help them plan community programs. A nurse must perform a community diagnosis for them to implement a nursing intervention that helps solve the problem. Nurses conduct the diagnosis process to ensure the interventions’ efficiency, promote standardization, and conduct follow-up activities, monitoring, and evaluation while assessing if they have achieved their goals. A nurse can also plan health activities and programs that entail fundamental behavior changes. For example, nurses can coordinate nutritional assessment or diagnosis to prevent concerns of being underweight, malnutrition, or overweight in the community.
Advocate Social Change
Social change initiatives focus on the interaction of humans and the transformation of institutions and functions. Nurses can promote social change by advocating for better policies that solve health inequities. Professional advocacy that orients towards better policies can address social conditions an ...
The document discusses community health and provides definitions of key related terms. It explains that community health focuses on populations and geographical areas, examining health characteristics using tools like GIS. Maintaining a healthy community requires assessing needs through methods like community diagnosis, evaluating nutrition through anthropometric and dietary assessments, and implementing programs through a community health improvement process. While challenging, taking a comprehensive approach addressing various social and environmental factors can help communities work towards improved health.
The document is instructions for an English proficiency exam for a postgraduate program in collective health at the University of Rio de Janeiro. It provides details about the exam such as its duration of two hours, that answers should be marked on the provided answer sheet, and that results will be posted after the exam date. It also instructs test takers to only consider the information given in the text and question when answering.
LECTURE 1- BPH 2.2B Principles of Community Health.pptxFatmaMohamed627544
This document outlines the course content for Principles of Community Health (PCH 220) and Principles of Epidemiology. For PCH 220, topics covered include general principles of community health, demography and determinants of population growth, measurements of health, disease prevention and health promotion, and various health issues such as environmental sanitation and communicable diseases. For Principles of Epidemiology, topics covered include descriptive and analytical epidemiology, measures of disease frequency and mortality, and associations between exposures and diseases. The document also lists literature references for each course.
Community health nursing is a synthesis of nursing and public health practice that focuses on promoting and preserving the health of populations. It treats populations as a whole and emphasizes health promotion, prevention, and wellness. The scope of community health nursing is broad, providing services to individuals, families, groups, and communities across all age groups. These services include home care, school health programs, maternal and child health services, mental health services, care for the elderly, and programs in rehabilitation centers, industrial settings, and public health. The overall goal is to enhance the health of communities through organized efforts such as health education, disease prevention, and management of health services.
This document provides information about health education. It begins with definitions of health and health education from WHO and other sources. The aims of health education are to help people understand health is a valuable asset and achieve optimal health through their own efforts. Objectives are to disseminate health knowledge, motivate behavior change, and guide people to healthy practices. The scope of health education includes topics like nutrition, hygiene, disease prevention, and use of health services. Principles of planning health education focus on community needs and interests and using local resources.
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A comparative study on uroculturome antimicrobial susceptibility in apparentl...Bhoj Raj Singh
The uroculturome indicates the profile of culturable microbes inhabiting the urinary tract, and it is often required to do a urine culture to find an effective antimicrobial to treat UTIs. This study targeted to understand the profile of culturable pathogens in the urine of apparently healthy (128) and humans with clinical UTIs (161). In urine samples from UTI cases, microbial counts were 1.2×104 ± 6.02×103 colony-forming units (cfu)/ mL, while in urine samples from apparently healthy humans, the average count was 3.33± 1.34×103 cfu/ mL. In eight samples (six from UTI cases and two from apparently healthy people) of urine, Candida (C. albicans 3, C. catenulata 1, C. krusei 1, C. tropicalis 1, C. parapsiplosis 1, C. gulliermondii 1) and Rhizopus species (1) were detected. Candida krusei was detected only in a single urine sample from a healthy person and C. albicans was detected both in urine of healthy and clinical UTI cases. Fungal strains were always detected with one or more types of bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria were more commonly (OR, 1.98; CI99, 1.01-3.87) detected in urine samples of apparently healthy humans, and Gram -ve bacteria (OR, 2.74; CI99, 1.44-5.23) in urines of UTI cases. From urine samples of 161 UTI cases, a total of 90 different types of microbes were detected and, 73 samples had only a single type of bacteria. In contrast, 49, 29, 3, 4, 1, and 2 samples had 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 types of bacteria, respectively. The most common bacteria detected in urine of UTI cases was Escherichia coli detected in 52 samples, in 20 cases as the single type of bacteria, other 34 types of bacteria were detected in pure form in 53 cases. From 128 urine samples of apparently healthy people, 88 types of microbes were detected either singly or in association with others, from 64 urine samples only a single type of bacteria was detected while 34, 13, 3, 11, 2 and 1 samples yielded 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and seven types of microbes, respectively. In the urine of apparently healthy humans too, E. coli was the most common bacteria, detected in pure culture from 10 samples followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus (9), S. intermedius (5), and S. aureus (5), and similar types of bacteria also dominated in cases of mixed occurrence, E. coli was detected in 26, S. aureus in 22 and S. haemolyticus in 19 urine samples, respectively. Gram +ve bacteria isolated from urine samples' irrespective of health status were more often (p, <0.01) resistant than Gram -ve bacteria to ajowan oil, holy basil oil, cinnamaldehyde, and cinnamon oil, but more susceptible to sandalwood oil (p, <0.01). However, for antibiotics, Gram +ve were more often susceptible than Gram -ve bacteria to cephalosporins, doxycycline, and nitrofurantoin. The study concludes that to understand the role of good and bad bacteria in the urinary tract microbiome more targeted studies are needed to discern the isolates at the pathotype level.
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Causes Of Tooth Loss
PERIODONTAL PROBLEMS ( PERIODONTITIS, GINIGIVITIS)
Systemic Causes Of Tooth Loss
1. Diabetes Mellitus
2. Female Sexual Hormones Condition
3. Hyperpituitarism
4. Hyperthyroidism
5. Primary Hyperparathyroidism
6. Osteoporosis
7. Hypophosphatasia
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Causes Of Tooth Loss
CARIES/ TOOTH DECAY
Causes Of Tooth Loss
CAUSES OF TOOTH LOSS
Consequence of tooth loss
Anatomic
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mandible > maxilla
Posteriorly > anteriorly
Anatomic consequences
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Anatomic consequences
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Premature occlusal contact
Anatomic Consequences
Anatomic Consequences
Physiologic consequences
Physiologic Consequences
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Physiologic Consequences
Physiologic consequences
Education of Patient
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Support for Distal Extension Denture Bases
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Education of Patient
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Patient education should begin at the initial
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The dentist and the patient share responsibility for the ultimate success of a removable partial denture.
This educational procedure is especially important when the treatment plan and prognosis are discussed with the patient.
Diagnosis, Treatment Planning, Design, Treatment, Sequencing, and Mouth Preparation
Begin with thorough medical and dental histories.
The complete oral examination must include both clinical and radiographic interpretation of:
caries
the condition of existing restorations
periodontal conditions
responses of teeth (especially abutment teeth) and residual ridges to previous stress
The vitality of remaining teeth
Continued…..
Occlusal plan evaluation
Arch form
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retention, and
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Support for Distal Extension Denture Bases
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Support for Distal Extension Denture Bases
This provides support
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COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK.pdf
1. TEST BANK FOR
COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
10TH EDITION
Rector Cherie, Mary Jo Stanley - ISBN:
9781975123048 A+
2. COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH
EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK
Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction
1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and
differences between public health and community health, which of the following statements by a
nursing student would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public
health and community health?
A) “Community health nursing is defined as
nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting.”
B) “Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an
institutional setting.”
C) “Public health nursing is focused on the health of individuals.”
D) “Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health
services and improve the health of the general public.”
Ans: D Feedback:
Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges, this
nursing specialty holds the potential to shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general public.
3. 2. Which of the following statements would best
describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing?
A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and
community health nursing is focused on the public aspects of
health.
B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on
specific, designated communities and is apart of the
larger public health effort.
C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same
types of services and perspectives.
D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced
exclusively within institutions.
Ans: B Feedback:
In this textbook, community health practice refers to a focus on specific, designated
communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental
4. concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public
health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community
health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing
nor community health nursing is practiced excl usively within institutions.
3. Which of the following is most accurate about the concept of community?
A) A community is a collection of people who share some important features of
their lives.
B) Community members live in the same geographic location.
C) Community members are biologically related.
D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share asense of belonging
to that group. Ans: A Feedback:
The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important features
of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a
common-interest community ora community of solution. A population is made up of people
who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of
belonging to that group.
4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations,
communities, and aggregates. Which of the following indicates
that the students understand these concepts?
5. A) Members of a population share a sense of belonging.
B) Communities and populations are types of aggregates.
C) Individuals of a community are loosely connected.
D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond. Ans: B Feedback:
An aggregate refers to a mass of grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a
whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types
of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to the group. A community is a
collection of people who chose to interact with one another because of common interests,
characteristics, orgoals, which form the basis for a sense of unity or
belonging.
5. Which of the following would a community health nurse identify as a
community of common interest?
A) The global community
B) Small rural town in a northern state C) National professional organization
D) Counties addressing waterpollution Ans: C
Feedback:
A common-interest community shares a common interest or goal that binds the members
6. together. Membership in a national professional organization is one example. The global
communityand a small rural town in a northern state would be examples of a geographic
community. Counties addressing awaterpollution problem would be an example
of a community of solution.
6. The nurse is working with a community of solution. Which of the following
would the nurse expectto find?
A) A health problem affecting the group
B) Common goal binding members together
C) Sharing of a similar goal
D) Locational boundaries Ans: A
Feedback:
A community of solution involves a group of people coming together to solve a problem
that affects them. A common-interest community involves a collection of people widely
scattered geographically who have an interest or goal that binds the members together. A
geographical community is one defined by its geographical orlocational
boundaries.
7. Which one of the following statements made by a student would the nurse
educator recognize as evidence thata student
understands the health continuum?
A) The distinction between health and illness is well demarcated.
B) Illness refers to a state of being relatively unhealthy.
7. C) The term health is limited to reflect an individual's state.
D) Treatment of acute conditions reflects the current focus of health care. Ans: B
Feedback:
Although society typically depicts an absolute line of difference between being either
well or ill, health is considered a relative term. Thus, illness is viewed as a state of being
relatively unhealthy. Health is typically described as a continuum that involves a range of
degrees from optimal health at one end to total disabilityor death at the other. The line of
demarcation is not clear. Health applies to individuals, families, and communities. Traditionally,
most health care has focused on the
treatment of acute and chronic conditions at the illness end of the continuum, but this emphasis is
shifting to focus on the wellness
end.
8. When discussing the concept of the health continuum with a class, the nurse
educator would be certain to include which statement
in the description?
A) Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being
relatively unhealthy.
B) A client's placement on the health continuum is static throughout time.
8. C) Health is best described as cyclic.
D) The health continuum can only be applied to individuals. Ans: A
Feedback:
Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being relatively unhealthy.
The continuum can change. Because health involves a range of degrees from optimal health at
one end to total disability or death at the other, it is often described as a continuum. The health
continuum applies not only to individuals but
also to families and communities.
9. After discussing the leading health indicators with a class, which condition if
stated by the class as one of these indicators suggests that
the class has understood the information? A)Cardiac disease
B) Mental health
C) Sedentary lifestyle
D) Maternal health care Ans: B
Feedback:
Mental health is a leading health indicator. Other leading health indicators include
physical activity, overweight and obesity, tobacco use, substance use, responsible sexual
behavior, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunization, and access to health care.
10. Which of the following statements about
9. health promotion and disease prevention is the most accurate?
A) Health promotion and disease prevention include all efforts that seek to move
people closer to optimal well-being orhigherlevels
of wellness.
B) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is
targeted toward a specificdiseaseordiseases.
C) Health promotion can be described in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary
prevention.
D) The goal of disease prevention is to raise levels of wellness for individuals,
families, populations, and communities.
Ans: B Feedback:
Health promotion includes all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well- being or
higher levels of wellness. The goal of health promotion is to raise levels of wellness for
individuals, families, populations, and communities. Disease prevention is targeted toward a
specific disease or diseases and consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary
prevention.
10. 11. A group of community health nursing students design a health education
program for a group of pregnant teens that includes teaching nutrition during pregnancy,
demonstrating helpful exercises, and discussing theirconcerns. This is an example
of which of the following?
A) Health promotion
B) Treatment of disorders
C) Rehabilitation D) Evaluation Ans: A Feedback:
The student nurses are engaging in health promotion activities. Health promotion incorporates all
efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or to higher levels of wellness.
Treatment of disorders would include direct care for issues involving the group, such as
complications that might arise in this population.
Rehabilitation would involve activities to minimize disability or restore or preserve function.
Evaluation would involve an analysis of the effectiveness of these
activities.
12. plan of primary prevention activities. Which of the following might the nurse
include? Select all that apply.
A) Teaching about safe-sex practices to high
school students
B) Encouraging older adults to install safety devices in the bathroom
11. C) Providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases
D) Participating in cholesterol screening programs at health fairs
E) Providing skin testing for tuberculosis for children over 1 yearof age
F) Working with a group testing water samples for contamination
Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
Primary prevention activities are those taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring.
These include teaching about safe-sex practices, encouraging older adults to use safety devices in
the bathroom, and providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases.
Cholesterol screening programs, skin tests for tuberculosis, and working with a group testing
water samples for contamination are examples of secondary prevention activities.
13. A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing
students about community health nursing. Which of the following descriptions about community
health nursing would the nurse most likely
include in the presentation?
A) Focusing on addressing continuous needs
B) Working with the client as an equal partner
C) Engaging in tertiary prevention as the priority
D) Encouraging clients to reach out to the nurse Ans: B
Feedback:
12. The community health nurse works with the client as an equal partner, encouraging autonomy.
At any time, the nurse deals with continuous and episodic needs simultaneously. Primary
prevention is the priority for community health nurses. The community health nurse engages in
primary prevention as the priority, having the obligation to actively reach out to all who might
benefit from a specific activity or service.
14. A community health nurse is working with other members of a team that will
be implementing a citywide immunization program. The nurse is coordinating the services and
addressing the needs of the population groups to ensure which of the
following?
A) Involvement of the community
B) Client participation
C) Continuity of service D) Plan for follow-up Ans: C Feedback:
Working in cooperation with other team members and coordinating services and addressing the
needs of population groups are essential to interprofessional collaboration. In doing so, the
community heal th
nurse is preventing fragmentation and gaps thereby ensuring continuity of service. Involvement
of the community and client participation are important but
these help to ensure that the clients are viewed as equal partners of the health care team. A plan
for follow-up may or may not be appropriate. In addition, it is the only aspect that may be
addressed with the
program.
13. 15. A community health nurse works to ensure the greatest good for the greatest
number of people by applying which of the following?
A) Secondary prevention activities
B) Autonomy
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